Accommodation

Ramakrishna Kongalla

ACCOMMODATION TYPES
Bed & Breakfast is a private home in which guests can be accommodated at night in private bedrooms (which may or may not have private bathrooms). The owner or manager lives in the house or on the property. The public areas of the house, such as kitchen and lounge have either limited access for guests, or are shared with the host family to some degree. The business may be run as a secondary occupation. Breakfast is included in the price (generally either continental or full-English). Other meals may be available by arrangement. Backpacker Hostel A hostel (or backpacker) establishment is aimed at the budget traveller and generally attracts a younger clientele. Bedrooms are in a dormitory style (shared) and bathrooms are shared, although private bedrooms may be available. Light meals may be available in addition to the room rate.

Boutique Hotel A boutique hotel is a 5 star establishment providing all the features and facilities of a normal hotel, in a unique and exclusive style. These properties are generally small, feature top class service and are marketed to the affluent. Guest House A guesthouse is generally a private home which has been converted for the dedicated and exclusive use of guest accommodation. The public areas of the establishment are for the exclusive use of the guests. The owner or manager either lives off-site, or in an entirely separate area within the property. A Guesthouse offers a wider range of services than a B&B, and usually caters for all meals.

Hotel A hotel is generally the largest of all accommodation types. There is typically a common reception area, and rooms generally open directly onto a hallway. The on-site restaurant and other facilities are more accessible to the public than the other accommodation types. A wide range of guest services is available, such as room service. Hotels are often members of larger hotel groups, and a similar accommodation experience may be available in different establishments within the group. Lodge A lodge is an accommodation facility which is located and designed to optimize the feeling of being closely in touch with nature. The building style should feature natural materials and colouring such as wood, stone and thatch. An outdoor experience should be offered at the lodge, such as guided walks, game drives etc.

Private Home A private home not dedicated for full time occupation of guests, but is a private house or apartment which is temporarily available for rental, often during peak tourism seasons. Resort A spread out collection of single or double story accommodation units. Similar to a hotel in that it offers a wide range of facilities. Units may be rented and available on time-share. A camping area may be included in the resort. Self-Catering A self catering establishment may be primarily one of the other accommodation types, but also offers dedicated self catering facilities. The unit should feature a fully equipped kitchen to cater for the maximum people to be accommodated (including fridge, stove, cutlery, crockery, cooking utensils, cleaning equipment). The kitchen should be for the exclusive use of the guests, and not shared.

KINDS OF ACCOMMODATION
Hotels - Can be classified into star system (1-7). A structure that provides sleeping accommodation to travelers and that usually features dining facilities and daily housekeeping service Resorts - Cater primarily to leisure travelers. Generally found in four environments: at the beach, near ski areas, in the desert and near (or even in) theme parks and attractions. Usually have facilities for recreational activities such as a swimming pool, tennis courts, golf course and one or two dinning facilities. When a resort is especially large, with many facilities and activities covering acres of land, it is called a mega-resort Different Kinds of resorts: 1. A spa resort- Provides extensive facilities for massages, facials, fitness activities and healthy dining. 2. A ski resort-provides a site and facilities to serve the needs of winter sports enthusiasts. 3. A themed resort- One that has a strong identity. Often tied to some other place and time, Examples include the Taj Mahal in Atlantic City and Disney's Animal Kingdom Lodge. An all inclusive resort, charges one price that includes most or all of the costs of staying there. Business Hotels are targeted at the needs of business travelers. Tend to be located in city centres and at airports. Guestrooms are equipped with spacious desks, and internet connection. All-Suite Hotels - all accommodation are suites instead of conventional rooms May be either leisure or business-oriented or a mix of two. Motel is a type of hotel in which parking is provided at or near room and the room door gives out onto the parking lot. Usually do not have full dining facilities or provide luggage assistance Limited-service Lodging - Modestly sized and economically priced properties. Have rooms that open onto an interior hallway. Rooms are simple with continental breakfast included. Tend to be situated near popularly prices restaurants, fast-food outlets and/or shopping centre's. Rarely have pools or exercise facilities Extended-stay lodging Appeal to those who need lodging for a week or more Tend to be spacious and often resemble small apartments with kitchenettes. Attract business people on lengthy business trips. Condominiums (Condo) - Individuals own each unit and also pay fees for upkeep, security, landscaping and maintenance. Can be rented out when owners are not in residence Timeshares - Similar to condominiums, owners do not purchase individual units but they own a certain amount of yearly time at the property. Bed-and-Breakfast (B&B) - There home-like properties charge guests to stay in a bedroom (sometimes with shared bath facilities) and often full breakfast in a common dinning room area or in the guestroom Lodges are usually rural, nature-dominated settings (e.g. national parks) or exotic places (e.g. the African wilderness)

Campgrounds a place where you can pitch tents and enjoy the natural scenery Hostel - An inexpensive alternative for students and budget travelers. Offer low-costing lodging, Common toilets, kitchen and bathing facilities are shared by all rooms on the floor. Dude ranches - A unique form of lodging, Convey a theme of American West. Usually located in the resort areas featuring horseback riding, cattle roundups, outdoor barbeques and other cow-boy type activities. Chalet - A wooden dwelling with a sloping roof, common in Switzerland and other Alpine regions. Capsule Hotels - Very popular in Japan, They are a little bigger than a coffin. They are commonly found around they city, near train stations, men who miss the last train home or just aren't sober enough to go home ! Ice Hotel - It is like a big igloo built from enormous blocks of ice, very popular in Canada, Sweden and Finland. The hotel is a constant -6C inside and the outside temperatures can drop to more then -50C. The rooms are decorated with lovely carvings in the ice. Train cabin - Accommodation in the train, normally for long journey travel. Also know as a "berth"

Caravan - A vehicle that consists of beds, toilets and kitchen. Good for long distance travel, very popular in Europe & USA Ryokan - It is a traditional Japanese-style hotel with high quality service, and often furnished with Japanese-style hot spring baths called "Onsen". High standard Japanese-style breakfast and dinner are often included in the relatively expensive accommodation fee Minshuku - It is cozier and small type of Japanese inn which is usually more affordable than Ryokan. Often family-run, have a chance to mingle with other guests and the owner, enabling to get a close glimpse into Japanese daily lives. A homely breakfast and dinner are served and may also have a choice of just paying for the bed, and not including the meals. Boutique Hotel - They are of intimate size, Idyllic settings, highly personalized service, individual style and outstanding attributes. Cave Hotel - Accommodation in a cave. Commonly found in Greece, Turkey, Spain & Australia Undersea Lodge - Accommodation in the sea where you can view marine life, found in Florida. Tree Lodge - Accommodation built on a tree, commonly found in Africa or near a national park.

Emerging dimensions

Heritage Hotels in India

left a royal legacy residences still holding on to the glory live king size serve as luxury and boutique hotels presently great ambience, royal food, huge rooms, old furniture, yet modern facilities concept from the Rajputana state of Rajasthan, Marwar rulers chance of reliving history Heritage Hotels in Tamil Nadu
Sterling Swamimalai Kumbakonam, Taj Garden Retreat Madurai, Taj Savoy Hotel Ooty, The Bangala Karaikudi, Bungalow on the Beach Tranquebar , Wallwood Garden Coonoor

Heritage Hotels in Bikaner Hotel Basant Vihar Palace Hotel Lalgarh Palace Hotel Bhanwar Niwas Karni Bhawan Palace Mann Bilas Gajner Palace Heritage Hotels in Jodhpur Ajit Bhawan Balsamand Lake Palace Hotel Jhalamand Garh Hotel Karni Bhawan Hotel Krishna Prakash Heritage Haveli

Heritage Hotels in Jaisalmer

Narayan Niwas Palace Jawahar Niwas Palace Fort Rajwada Taj Rawalkot Lake Palace Hotel Fateh Prakash Palace Shiv Niwas Palace Hotel Shikarbadi

Heritage Hotels in Udaipur

Heritage Hotels in Jaipur

Rambagh Palace Diggi Palace Jai Mahal Palace Narain Niwas Palace Hotel Raj Mahal Palace
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Motel RESORT (also known as motor is a place used inn, motor court, motor for relaxation or recreati hotel, motor lodge, or on, attracting visitors even a auto court) is for holidays or vacations a hotel designed . Resorts are places, for motorists, and towns or sometimes usually has a parking commercial area for motor vehicles establishment operated by a single company.

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TIMESHARE COMPANIES own certain units in various resort hotels and make these units available to their customers, who are typically called "timeshare owners." Those owners pay a purchase price that buys an annual allotment of time at the hotel usually in weekly periods. For example, a person in snowy, cold Vermont could purchase an annual three weeks allotment in a time share hotel in the HIMALAYAS that can be used every January.

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Categorization in India
Heritage Hotels Reflecting the old glory and grandeur of India, most of the havelis and mansions of ancient times have been turned into Heritage Hotels, that provide the tourists with an opportunity to experience royal pleasure in traditional ambiance. Most of the Heritage Hotels in India are concentrated in the princely states of Rajasthan, Delhi, and Madhya Pradesh Luxury Hotels Equipped with world class infrastructural amenities, the Luxury Hotels in India offer the tourists with a fine lodging and dinning experience. Catering primarily to the upper class executives, the luxury hotels extend a warm welcome to all the customers Budget Hotels A home away from home, the budget hotels accommodate customers from upper middle and middle class. Also referred to as Economy Class Hotel, Business Hotels and Discount Hotels, the Budget Hotels support all the modern infrastructural facilities for a comfortable and pleasant stay Resorts Resorts are mostly found in hill stations and sea side tourist destinations of India. Located amidst natural scenic beauty, the Resorts are the ideal place to enjoy some valuable time with family and friends or in solitude

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Important Hotel Groups in India

Hotel Industry is a booming business sector of India that has given a boast to tourism in the country. Taj Group of Hotels, Park Group of Hotels, Radisson Hotels India and ITC Hotels are some of the luminaries in the field of hotel industry that are famous for unique amenities and superb accommodation arrangements. Some of the important Luxury Hotels that come under the important hotel groups of India include: ITC Maurya Delhi ITC Maratha Mumbai Fort Radisson of Radisson Group in Kolkata Radisson Jass Hotel Shimla The Taj Westend, Bangalore Taj Coromandel, Chennai

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REGISTRATION OF HOTEL
FHRAI Hotel membership Must be a functioning establishment in operation. Must have minimum 10 rooms or the qualifying criterion of the Regional Association. If the hotel is under construction, only associate membership can be approved. This can be converted to hotel membership once it starts operations. Must have a restaurant in the hotel. Must have all the relevant Municipal/Police or any other required licenses with current validity. A restaurant in a hotel can also become a separate restaurant member (One restaurant can become member for hotel with 25-100 rooms and two restaurants can become members for hotel above 101 rooms) FHRAI Restaurant membership Must be a restaurant under operation. Must have minimum 25 covers. Must have all the relevant Municipal/Police or any other required licenses with current validity. A Restaurant within the hotel (who is FHRAI member) can also apply for separate membership. One restaurant can be a member for a hotel with 25-100 rooms and two restaurants can be members for hotels with more than 101 rooms. Such restaurant members are also entitled to two FHRAI discount cards like any other member. FHRAI Associate membership 1. Must be a member of one of its Regional Associations. 2. Must be associated with the hospitality industry in some way. 3. Only Companies, firms and such entities can become a member, not individuals 4. Hotels under construction should apply for associate membership. This can be converted to hotel membership instantly after the hotel starts operations. 5. Our associate members are not entitled to FHRAI membership discount cards.

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Criteria for grading of hotels

ONE STAR GENARAL INSRTUCTIONS General construction of building should be good Location and environs including immediate approach should be suitable Should have at least 10 lettable bed rooms 25% should have attached bathrooms At least 25% bath rooms should have WCs All bathrooms should have modern sanitation, running cold water, adequate supply of hot water, soap and toilet paper Rooms should be properly ventilated and should have clear and comfortable bed and furniture Facilities
Reception counter with a telephone A telephone for the use of guests and visitors Clean and moderately well occupied dining room/restaurant There should be well occupied, clean kitchen

Services
Experienced, courteous and efficient staff in smart and clean uniforms The senior staff coming in contact with guests should possess a working knowledge of English House keeping should be of good standard, clean and good quality linen, blankets towels etc. should be supplied Crockery, cutlery and glass-ware should be of good quality
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TWO STAR
GENERAL FEATURES Building should be well constructed Location and environs including immediate approach should be suitable for a good hotel Should have at least 10 lettable bed rooms 75% should have attached bathrooms with showers 25% rooms should be air conditioned (hill stations-heating facility) All bathrooms should have modern sanitation, running cold water, adequate supply of hot water, soap and toilet paper clean and comfortable with furniture and there should be well furnished lounge
Facilities Reception counter with a telephone There should be a telephone or call bell in each room There should be a telephone in on each floor Clean and well maintained and equipped dining room/restaurant There should be well equipped, clean kitchen Services Experienced, courteous and efficient staff in smart and clean uniforms The supervisory staff coming in contact with guests should understand English There should be a provision for laundry and dry cleaning services House keeping should be of good standard, clean and good quality linen, blankets towels etc. should be supplied Crockery, cutlery and glass-ware should be of good quality

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THREE STAR
GENERAL FEATURES Architectural features and general construction of the building should be of very good standard Location and environs including immediate approach should be suitable for a very good hotel Should have at least 20 lettable bed rooms all with attached bathrooms with bath tubes and or showers Should be modern in design and equipped with fittings of good standard 50% rooms should be air conditioned (hill stations-heating facility) There should be adequate number of lifts in buildings with more than two storey including the ground floor There should be well appointed lounge and separate ladies and gentleman s cloak rooms with fittings Facilities Reception and information centre, book stall, travel agency, money changing and safe deposit facilities There should be a telephone in each room There should be a telephone in on each floor Well equipped, well maintained A/C dining room/restaurant, and bar permit kitchen, Pantry and cold storage should be clean and organized for orderliness and efficiency Services Experienced, courteous and efficient staff The staff coming in contact with guests should understand English The senior staff should possess a good knowledge of English There should be a provision for laundry and dry cleaning services House keeping should be of very good standard, clean and good quality linen, blankets towels etc. should be supplied Crockery, cutlery and glass-ware should be of good quality Hotel should provide orchestra and ball 17 room facilities

FOUR STAR
GENERAL FEATURES Architectural features and general construction of the building should be distinctive Location and environs including immediate approach should be suitable for the hotel of this category There should be adequate parking facilities for cars Should have at least 25 lettable bed rooms all with attached bathrooms with bath tubes and most modern shower chambers 24 hours service of hot and cold running water Should be modern in design and equipped with fittings of good standard All rooms should be air conditioned (hill stations-heating facility) Should be well furnished with carpets, curtains, furniture, fittings etc. There should be well appointed lounge and separate ladies and gentleman s cloak rooms with fittings
Facilities Reception, cash and information counter attended by trained and experienced personnel Special room for conference/ banquet facilities Book stall, travel agency, money changing and safe deposit facilities, left luggage room There should be a telephone in each room Well equipped, well furnished, well maintained A/C dining room/restaurant, and bar permit kitchen, Pantry and cold storage should be professionally designed to ensure efficiency of operation Services Hotel should offer both Indian and continental cuisine Professionally qualified, highly trained, efficient staff The staff coming in contact with guests should understand English The senior staff should possess a good knowledge of English Desirable to know foreign language by few staff 24 service for reception , information and telephones There should be a provision for laundry and dry cleaning services House keeping should be highest standard, clean and highest quality linen, blankets towels etc. should be supplied Crockery, cutlery and glass-ware should be of good quality Separate restaurant to provide orchestra and ball room facilities
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FIVE STAR
GENERAL FEATURES Architectural features and general construction of the building should have distinctive qualities of a luxury hotel Location and environs including immediate approach should be suitable for a luxury hotel of this category There should be adequate parking facilities for cars Should have enough lettable bed rooms all with attached bathrooms with bath tubes and most modern shower chambers 24 hours service of hot and cold running water Should be modern in design and equipped with fittings of superior quality All rooms should be air conditioned (hill stations-heating facility) Should be well designed swimming pool Should be well furnished with carpets, curtains, furniture, fittings of maximum standard There should be well appointed lounge and separate ladies and gentleman s cloak rooms with fittings of high standard
Facilities Reception, cash and information counter attended by highly trained and experienced personnel More conference/ banquet facilities Book stall, travel agency, money changing and safe deposit facilities, beauty parlor, florist, left luggage room There should be a telephone in each room Well equipped, well furnished, well maintained A/C dining room/restaurant, and bar permit kitchen, Pantry and cold storage should be professionally designed to ensure efficiency of operation Services Hotel should offer both Indian and continental cuisine of highest standard Professionally qualified, highly trained, efficient staff with a high knowledge of professional grooming Maximum staff should know at least one foreign language other than English 24 service for front office, room service and restaurant There should be a provision for laundry and dry cleaning services House keeping should be highest standard, clean and highest quality linen, blankets towels etc. should be supplied Good service at all the time should be the aim of all the staff

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Classification committee Classification of hotels are done by a committee (HRACC) Valid for one year Members are  Member from FHRAI  Member from central and state Tourism Department  Member from leading, prominent, private star hotel  Principal of catering institute of that city  Member from the Central Audit Department  Member from Engineering Department at chief engineer level

Grading Placing the hotel according to the standard and quality of services provided by the hotel Done by many bodies like HCIMA- Hotel, catering Institute Management Association Govt. of India (Tourism Department) Hotel Federation of India Guide books Score ***** 5 star 64% and above **** 4 star 54% to 64% *** 3 star 44% to 54% ** 2 star 34% to 44% * 1 star less than 34%
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Departments of a Hotel

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Other catering outlets

Bars Restaurants Fast food centers In flight catering

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Restaurant and Catering Services in India

Food and beverage retail constitutes about 6 percent of the USD 270 billion Indian Retail Market Home grown as well as international restaurant chain present in both high street location as well in malls represent orgainsed F& B sector. Most of the leading multinational food service chain like Pizza Hut, McDonald, Dominos, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) followed the franchising model whereas local chains like Nerulas are setting mostly company owned units. There was a 70 percent increase in the total number of outlets This is indicative of the fact that Indian consumers are seeking variations and are willing to experiment with new cuisines. The home delivery segment is also fast growing during last couple of years.

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Major Players
CAF COFFEE DAY The Bangalore based Amalmagated Bean Coffee Trading Co. Ltd is the parent company The company today has 500 outlets spread across 80 cities as compared to 300 outlets equivalent to 500000 sqft of retail space in 64 cities in 2005-06. Each outlets attract about 400-800 customers every day. BARISTA Barista Coffee Company started the coffee revolution in Indian market way back in 2000 first in northern India and then extended to other regions. Today Barista have 225 outlets in over 35 cities whereas in 2005-06 they had 129 outlets in 25 cities. It also has franchisee stores for setting Expresso Bars and Coffee Kiosks in smaller towns. Average outlet size is 1000 sqft and by year 2007 they plan to have 300 outlets and projecting 1000 outlets by 2010 BASKIN ROBBINS It is world s largest chain of ice cream specialty shops with presence in 40 countries and more than 5600 outlets. Currently they have about 200 outlets in 30 cities in India offering many options of ice cream flavours registering an increase from 120 outlets in 2004-05 to 160 outlets in 2005-06 in 25 cities.
McDONALD S McDonald opened its first outlet in October 1996. Indian operation is a joint venture between (50:50) McDonald s corporation of USA and two Indian businessmen. Hardcastle Restaurants Pvt. Ltd owns and operates its western India operation and Connaught Plaza Restaurant Pvt. Ltd operates the northern operations. There are 100 outlets in 22 cities with a total retail space of 275000 sqft. McDonald also developed specific vegetarian menu to suit Indian food habits. McDonald do not offer any beef or pork items in India. It plans to have 200 outlets in 45 cities by year 2010 that will make total retail space of 700000 sqft. DOMINOS Dominos Pizza India Ltd was incorporated in March 1995 as the master franchisee of Dominos International Inc USA for India, Srilanka and Nepal. The first outlet was opened in 1996 in New Delhi. Now they have 140 outlets in 32 cities and 154000 sqft of retail space and is a leader in its segment. It plans to add 45-50 more outlets by 2007-08 PIZZA CORNER It was first started operation in India in 1996 by Global Franchise Architects India Pvt. Ltd (GFAI:PL). Currently it has a chain of 92 outlets in 24 cities with total retail space of 79543 sqft. The emphasis of the operation is in northern and western regions GFAIPL is a Geneva based company which plans to invest USD 1.1 million this year towards expansion plan to add 30 more outlets of Pizza Corner and 10 outlets of Coffee World. PIZZA HUT Pizza Hut the flagship brand of the Yum Brands Inc launched Great Indian Treat its first Indian menu offered in International format. Pizza Hut also entered India in 1996 and presently has 163 outlets in 25 cities. Expansion plan is through mainly franchising route

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PULSE FOODS Belongs To Podder Heritage group serving Indian food through its chain. Currently it has 60 outlets across India. This chain follows quick service format. This chain now has opened its international outlet in London JUMBO KING VADA PAV Jumbo King opened its first outlet in 2001 in Mumbai. Presently has 50 outlets covering 3 cities in western India covering retail space of 11000 sqft. In 2004-05 it had only 9 outlets in one city. They now plans to have 500 outlets in 39 cities by year 2010 covering 200000 sqft. COMESUM It focuses on railway catering . The concept came up when Indian Railways Catering and Tourism Corporation signed up the company for opening restaurants at various railway station across India. The chain has three retail models: Comesum Food Plaza. Comesum Restaurants and Comesum Takeaway. Currently it has 10 outlets across 7 cities. Two more outlets are coming up in Gaziabad and Gurgaon in north.

Regional sector
Arambag Hatcheries has recently opened Arambag Adda Bites, 700 sqft coffee shop in Kolkata. Three more outlets are being added in the same city. Kamat is another chain operating in Western and Southern India. Sukh Sagar and New Shanti Sagar dominate the market in southern cities in India. In north India we have Sagar Ratna of Delhi which also is a major player in the catering retailing area.
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Multinational Hotel chains in India

Shangri-La Hilton JW Marriott, Kempinski, Radisson, Grand Hyatt, Intercontinental, Sheraton
SupplyWe have a shortage of 100,000 guest rooms short in the country. DemandLargely depends on business travelers but tourist traffic is also on the rise. Demand normally spurts in the peak season between November and March. Barriers to entryHigh capital costs, poor infrastructure facilities and scarcity of land especially in the metros. Bargaining power of suppliersLimited due to higher competition, especially in the metros. Bargaining power of customersHigher in metro cities due to increasing room supply. CompetitionIntense in metro cities, slowly picking up in secondary cities. Competition has picked up due to the entry of foreign hotel chains.
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contribution
contribution to the Economy Global opportunities are growing Hyatt Regency with AHL, Leela having tied up with Kempinski ITCH having a franchisee agreement with ITT Sheraton reservation network worldwide role in image building FEE & FEI Foreign currency due to single tariff structure

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Public sector (public ownership) in Hotels and role state sector After policy of free market reforms Image building for India production, delivery and allocation of goods and services by and for the government or its citizens. social security, administering urban planning and Organizing national defense. funded through taxation meet commercial success criteria production decisions are determined by government. The role of ITDC - Hotel Ashoka (chanakyapuri)
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HRD perspectives in Indian Hotels

training, organization, career development improve individual, group organizational effectiveness. enable individuals in organizations to perform current and future jobs through planned learning activities. Groups within organizations use HRD to initiate and manage change. HRD ensures a match between individual and organizational needs

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Fiscal incentives
Income Tax Holiday Exemption From Taxes And Duties On Imported Spare Parts Exemption From Wharfage Dues And Export Tax, Duty, Impost And Fees Tax Exemption On BreedingStocks And Genetic Materials Tax Credits Additional Deductions from Taxable Income. Zero on Imported Capital Equipment Exemption from Payment of Local Business Tax

Non-Fiscal Incentives
Assistance in securing permits and licenses Assistance in identifying business location and factory site Joint venture match-making Facilitating access to financial and technical assistance programs of the government Facilitating service connections with local utilities

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Legal issues consumer protection duty of care equal employment opportunity anti-discrimination workplace relations. child sex tourism.

Ethical issues

Regularoty issues

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The role of hotels in tourism promotion

role in popularizing any tourist destination Available for all sects Good service Pull factor Good accessibility Near by bus or rail stations or airports Information providers Types of rooms Catering services Picks and drops Brochures Destination publicity Hospitality

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Role of ITDC
1996 316 crore sales 1999 Hotel Kanishka red figures for first time Did not contribute to larger mission of development But created good image for India in early days Later it ran in losses

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Thank you

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