POWER

Pat Ray M Dagapioso

What is power?

Power
1capacity of an actor to compel or influence other actors to alter their behavior power may be exercised through: coercion, persuasion, or construction or incentives

Power
2-4A. Coercion when we force a person to do something he/she did not want to do B. Persuasion convincing someone that that is what he/she really wants to do C. Construction of incentives- when we make alternatives so unattractive that the only one reasonable option remains

Where does power come from?

Sources of Power
5-8i. Money/wealth ii. Affection iii. Physical strength iv. Legal status v. Strong allies vi. Determination vii. Winning smile Viii. determination

Authority

Authority
formal or legal relationships between policymakers and citizens it is power exercised through the confines of established procedures, traditions and practices, ideology and laws

Authority
What is desirable in any given exercise of authority is compliance. Non-compliance may result in 8sanctions.

Influence

Influence
9capacity to produce an effect without the threat of coercion Influence may emanate from: wealth, education, popularity, skills, position

Legitimacy

Legitimacy
10. extent to which the citizens regard the state and its institutions including its policies and programs as morally right and acceptable E.g.:
A government is legitimate if its behavior corresponds to the expectations o the citizens.

Legitimacy
legitimacy emanates from:
i. Ideology ii. Practices or traditions iii. Procedures iv. Religion

Attitude

Attitude
learned predisposition towards political objects May be:
A. positive B. negative

Attitude
Three components:
A. Cognitive awareness of an idea B. Affective feelings or emotions which guide preferences C. Behavioral intent the readiness to act which grows out from the evaluation of the potential consequences of behavior

Public Opinion

Public Opinion
Summation of the expressed or verbalized attitudes of individuals. The expression of the people s attitudes can be discerned through public opinion.

Public Opinion
Can be expressed through:11-13
A. Polls B. Rallies C. Lobbies D. Contacting

Values

Values
enduring beliefs that a specific end state of existing order or mode of conduct is preferable to an oposite state more on values: here

Conflict

Conflict
disharmony arising from stresses and strains due to some changes in the political environment A natural occurring phenomenon in political world (14)

Conflict
Examples:
A. adminitration v. opposition B. church v. state C. state v. state D. state v. rogue elements inside the state

Conflict
Can be resolved:
A. elections B. referendum C. impeachment D. majority rule E. power sharing

Decision Making

Decision Making
process by which authorized individuals or groups make decisions with the effect of allocating resources in the society through resolutions, laws, policies, programs and decrees (15)

Decision Making
How decisions be treated as proper? Decisions should conform to:
A. procedures B. traditions C. practices

Decision Making
Decisions may result into:
A. resolutions B. laws C. policies D. programs E. projects

Groups

Groups
J. Calhoun: interests were destined to be varied and diverse in the society Groups are individuals who emerge with common interest. Individuals needs and wants are aggregated into the groups.

Thank You!