MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM

LECTURE SLIDES BY

NARENDRA KUMAR TEWATIA

UNIT-I

Evolution of Multimedia & its objects Scope of Multimedia in business & work Production and planning of Multimedia Applications Multimedia Hardware, Memory & Storage Devices Multimedia Software, Presentation and object generation tools Video Sound Image Capturing Authoring Tools Card & Page based Authoring Tools

Evolution of Multimedia and its Objectives The term "multimedia" was coined by Bob Goldstein to promote the July 1966 opening of his "LightWorks at L'Oursin" show at Southampton, Long Island. In the late 1970s the term was used to describe presentations consisting of multi-projector slide shows timed to an audio track. However, by the 1990s 'multimedia' took on its current meaning. The German language usage society, Gesellschaft fur deutsche Sprachgebrauch, decided to recognize the word's significance and ubiquitousness in the 1990s by awarding it the title of 'Word of the Year' in 1995. The institute summed up its rationale by stating "[Multimedia] has become a central word in the wonderful new media world. Some computers which were marketed in the 1990s were called "multimedia" computers because they incorporated a CD-ROM drive, which allowed for the delivery of video, picture, and audio data.

Evolution of Multimedia and its Objectives

Definition Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. The term can be used as a noun (a medium with multiple content forms) or as an adjective describing a medium as having multiple content forms. The term is used in contrast to media which only use traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material. Multimedia includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, and interactivity content forms. Multimedia (as an adjective) also describes electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content.

Derived from the word Multi and Media

 Multi
Many, Multiple,

 Media
Tools that is used to represent or do a certain things, delivery medium, a form of mass communication newspaper, magazine / tv. Distribution tool & information presentation text, graphic, voice, images, music and etc.

Scope of Multimedia in business & work

Usage of multimedia Multimedia finds its application in various areas including, but not limited to advertisements, art, education, entertainment,

engineering, medicine, mathematics, business, scientific research and spatial temporal applications.

Usage of Multimedia
Business  Use and Applications Sales / Marketing Presentation Trade show production Staff Training Application Company Kiosk

Usage of Multimedia
Education  Use and Applications Courseware / Simulations E-Learning / Distance Learning Information Searching

Usage of Multimedia
Entertainment  Use and Applications Games (Leisure / Educational) Movies Video on Demand

Usage of Multimedia
Home  Use and Applications Television Satellite TV SMS services (chats, voting, reality TV)

Usage of Multimedia
Public Places  Use and Applications Information Kiosk Smart Cards, Security

Evolution of Multimedia and its Objectives

Building blocks of multimedia

Text

Audio

Still Images

Animation

Video Footage

Interactivity

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

TEXT
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

   

A broad term for something that contains words to express something. Text is the most basic element of multimedia. A good choice of words could help convey the intended message to the users (keywords). Used in contents, menus, navigational buttons

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

TEXT
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Example

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

GRAPHIC
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Two-dimensional figure or illustration  Could be produced manually (by drawing, painting, carving, etc.) or by computer graphics technology.  Used in multimedia to show more clearly what a particular information is all about (diagrams, picture).


Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

GRAPHIC
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Example

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

AUDIO
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

 

Produced by vibration, as perceived by the sense of hearing. In multimedia, audio could come in the form of speech, sound effects and also music score.

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

AUDIO
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Example

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

ANIMATION
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

The illusion of motion created by the consecutive display of images of static elements.  In multimedia, animation is used to further enhance / enriched the experience of the user to further understand the information conveyed to them.


Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

ANIMATION
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Example

Building blocks of multimedia

GRAPHIC TEXT

VIDEO
VIDEO AUDIO ANIMATION

Is the technology of capturing, recording, processing, transmitting, and reconstructing moving pictures.  Video is more towards photo realistic image sequence / live recording as in comparison to animation.  Video also takes a lot of storage space. So plan carefully before you are going to use it.


Evolution of Multimedia and its Objectives

Categorization of multimedia Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories. Linear active content progresses without any navigational control for the viewer such as a cinema presentation. Non-linear content offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game or used in self-paced computer based training. Hypermedia is an example of non-linear content.

Linear VS Non-Linear
LINEAR
A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when:  It is not interactive  User have no control over the content that is being showed to them. Example:  A movie  A non-interactive lecture / demo show

Linear VS Non-Linear
NON-LINEAR
A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when:  It is interactive  Users have control over the content that is being showed to them.  Users are given navigational control Example:  Games  Courseware  Interactive CD

Interactive Multimedia
When the user is given the option of controlling the elements.

Hyper Media


A combination of hypertext, graphics, audio, video, (linked elements) and interactivity culminating in a complete, non-linear computer-based experience.

Example
Interactive Multimedia

Example
Hyper Media
Main Page 1. 2. 3. Video link Image link Audio Link

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Production Manager Content Specialist Instructional Designer Script Writer Text Editor Multimedia Architect

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Production Manager Know the basic principles of authoring Good Negotiations skills Skillful proposal writing Good communication skills In depth knowledge of legal matters Budgeting management skills Experience in Human Resource Management

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Content Specialist Library and Internet research experience Good writing skills Highly skilled in summarizing complex and extensive information Capable to provide program content for the multimedia architect

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Instructional Designer Knowledge of authoring Having problem solving, critical thinking and decision making skills Media production skills Good communication and writing skills

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Script Writer Capable of presenting events in nonlinear fashion by branching in different directions and establishing linkage between sections or components of the programme. In depth knowledge of multimedia authoring Excellent graphic and written communication skills Capable of connecting story boards Visualize the use and integration of virtual reality

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Text Editor Capable to make text structurally and grammatically correct Knowledge of authoring Education from communication or literature Excellent writing and editing skills Skills to structure ideas in a meaningful way Text and narrations will be integrated as part of application and development of documentation

Production and planning of Multimedia Applications

Team Members Multimedia Architect Expert in multimedia authoring Education in Computer Science, Communication or Media Production Excellent graphic, video and sound production skills Excellent graphic and written communication skills Computer programming experience

Multimedia Hardware

In 1990, a group of companies agreed on the Multimedia Personal Computer (MPC) specifications for window based machines as the Level 1 specifications. In 1991 the Multimedia PC Marketing Council was formed to promote and revise the standards. This Council was affiliated with the Software Publisher Association, the Predominant Industry Trade Group and included Microsoft IBM, Philips Consumer Electronics, Comptons New Media and NEC Technology. In 1993 and 1995 Level 2 and Level 3 specifications were published respectively.

Multimedia Hardware

Level 1 (1991) Level 2 (1993) RAM Processor Hard Drive CD ROM Drive Sound Video Display 2 MB

Level 3 (1996)

4 MB (8MB 8MB recommended)

386SX 16MHz 486SX 25MHz Pentium 75MHz 30 MB 1X, 150 kbps transfer rate 8-bit digital sound 640x480 px, 16 colors 160 MB 2X, 300 kbps transfer rate 1616-bit digital sound 640x480 px, 65536 colors 540 MB 4X, 600 kbps transfer rate 1616-bit CD quality 640x480 px, 65536 colors

Multimedia Hardware

Input Devices An input device is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. Classification The Modality of input (e.g. Mechanical Motion, Audio, Visual etc.) Whether the input is discrete (e.g. keypresses) or continuous (e.g. a mouses position, though digitized into a discrete quantity)

Multimedia Hardware

Imaging and Video Input Device Webcam Fingerprint Scanner Barcode Reader 3D Scanner Magnetic resonance Imaging Positron emission tomography Image Scanner Medical Imaging Computed Tomography Laser Range Finder Medical Ultrasonography

Multimedia Hardware

Processor Processor determines, how quickly data is processed and transferred. Memory Two basic types of memory in a computer are temporary (RAM) and permanent (ROM). Floppy and Hard Disk CD & DVD

Zip, Jaz, Syquest and Optical Storage Devicves

Multimedia Hardware

Output Hardware Monitor and Video Display Card, Video Capture Card Audio Card, Amplifiers and Speakers Projectors Printers: Dotmatrix, Inkjet, Laser, Plotter, Offset Printer Communication Devices Modem ISDN Cable Modem

Macintosh vs Windows

Macintosh Macintosh by definition, a multimedia computer, it became popular in 1984. Macintosh had built-in audio right from the start. To operate any application it requires a mouse. Apple introduced the first power Mac based on Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) microprocessor in 1994.

PC (Windows) PC is a collection of parts that are tied together by the requirements of the OS. In 1984, IBM PC could not process sound without very expensive add-on components. Applications can operate with keyboard input. You would need to special order a retrograde computer that didnt have audio, CD ROM Drive, plenty of RAM and processor speed.

Macintosh vs Windows

Macintosh Earlier models based upon Motorola 68000, 68030 & 68040 processors. In 1997, G3 series introduced with clock speeds greater than 233 MHz. By 2001 G4 computers offered 733 MHz. Mac boots from keyboard It has single button mouse. Mac runs Mac OS.

PC (Windows) Earlier models based upon Intel 8085 or 8086 processors. P-IV series has been introduced with very high clock speed like 2.8GHz. Windows boots from cabinet. PC has two or three button mouse. Contains Microsoft key. PC runs Windows OS. Use Netscape Navigator & Internet Explorer as web Browser.

Multimedia Software

Text Editing & Word Processing tool Microsoft Word, Word Perfect, ResEdit, Fontographer etc. OCR OmniPage, Readiris, MS Office Document Imaging, Simple OCR etc. Graphic Tools Microsoft Paint, Paintshop Pro, Photoshop, Fireworks, Painter, Corel Photopaint, Aver Magic Pro, Corel Draw, Illustrator, InDesign, Designer Canvas, Freehand etc. 2D Animation Tools GIF Animator, Flash, Director, Image Ready, Animator etc. 3D Animation Tools Discreet, Extreme 3D, Maya, 3D Studio Max, Infini-D, Logo Motion, Soft Image etc.

Multimedia Software

Plug-Ins Kais Power Tools, Photo Tools, Eye Candy etc. Sound Editing Tools Goldwave, Soundforge, Sound Edit 16, Smart Score etc. Video Editing Tools RasterOps, Radius Fast, Targa Board, Video Blaster, Super Video, Premier, Movie Maker, Videoshop, Media 100, Media Studio Pro etc. Presentation Tools Word Processor (Word Perfect, Word Pro), Spreadsheets (Lotus 1-2-3, Excel), (FileMaker Pro, Access), Power Point etc. Database

Authoring Tools

Authoring Authoring tools are used for designing interactivity and the user interface, for presenting your project on screen and for assembling diverse multimedia elements into a single cohesive product. Authoring software provides an integrated environment for building together the content and functions of your project and typically includes everything you need to create, edit and import specific types of data; assemble raw data into a playback sequence and provide structure method or language for responding to user interface.

Authoring Tools

Applications of Authoring Video Production Animations Games Interactive Web Sites Demo Disks and Guided Tour Simulations Systems, Prototypes Presentations Interactive Training Technical Visualizations

Authoring Tools

Types of Authoring Multimedia authoring systems can be categorized by the way in which they work that is the metaphor used.

Electronic Slide Show The Card Stack or Book Icon-based Time-based

Authoring Tools

Electronic Slide Show Electronic slide show presentation is similar to using overhead transparencies or traditional photographic slides. Tools are: Microsoft Power Point, Adobe Persuasion, Asymetix Graphics. Compel, Software Publishings Harvard

Authoring Tools

The Card Stack or Book In these authoring systems, elements are organized as pages of a book or a stack of cards. Stacks are made up of cards. Each page of a stack is a card. Stack can obtain any number of cards. Tool Book by Asymetrix is a similar type of program uses a book metaphor in which each page represents a different screen and the pages combine to make up a book. Meta card, open script is the scripting language of Tool Book.

Authoring Tools

Icon Based Authoring An advantage of icon-based programs is that, you can easily see how a title is structured i.e. the flow of a program and especially the branching. One disadvantage is that they are less intuitive than other programs. Tool is Authorware.

Authoring Tools

Time Based Authoring In these authoring systems, elements and events are organized along a timeline, with resolutions as high or higher than 1/30 second. The more powerful time based tools let you program jumps to any location in a sequence, thereby adding navigation and interactive control. In this system multimedia elements and events are often treated as objects that live in a hierarchical order of parent and child relationships. Time based programs use a movie metaphor i.e. you start the title and it plays until some action causes it to pause or stop. Tools are: Flash, Director, Authorware etc.