EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

EDUCATION
Education means to draw out the best in the child and man. It involves the process of modification of behaviour, socialization, social efficiency, adjustment with environment and harmonious development of personality. Education is the process of Human development. Education helps in preparing child for the future life.

TECHNOLOGY
Technology is the branch of scientific study which involves highly designed engineering tools based on the application of science, means it is the science of doing things in a practical way. The word "technology" can also be used to refer to a collection of techniques. In this context, it is the current state of humanity's knowledge of how to combine resources to produce desired products, to solve problems, fulfill needs, or satisfy wants; it includes technical methods, skills, processes, techniques, tools and raw materials.

TECHNOLOGY OF EDUCATION
Technology of Education Different behavioural sciences have been applied in the field of Education but our main aim is to enrich our teaching- learning process. With application of theories of learning, theories of motivation and reinforcement we maximize the learning process. Teaching is also made effective with the application of these Laws. As a result new technology is developed in the field of Education called Technology of Education.

TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
Technology in Education Most people are of the view that Educational Technology consists of using A/V aids like radio, T.V, Computer etc but this is not the whole concept of Educational Technology, it is just a part of it called Technology in Education also called Hardware approach.

EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY
According to G.O.M. Leith, Educational Technology is the systematic application scientific knowledge about teaching, leaning and conditions of learning to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning. According to National council of Educational Technology, The development, application and evaluation of systems, techniques and aids to improve the process of human learning is called educational technology. According to Shiv K. Mitra, Educational Technology can be concieved as a science of techniques and methods by which educational goals could be realised.

CHARACTERISTICS OF ET
1. E. T is based on scientific knowledge 2. Area of ET includes psychology, science, technology, A/V material and machines 3. ET plays an important role in making teaching scientific, objective, clear, simplified and interesting 4. It helps in developing many new methods and techniques like programmed learning, micro-teaching, simulated teaching, interaction analysis etc. 5. Expected behavioural changes can be brought in the teachers and pupils through ET. 6. ET creates conducive learning conditions for achieving Educational objectives. 7. It is a continuously developing technology.

First meaning of ET
ET can be conceived as a science of techniques and methods by which educational goals can be realized. The goals can not only be prescribed but also translated into behavioural terms.

Second meaning of ET
It is the mechanisation of educational process. Mechanisation is done in all the three phases of human knowledge. 1. Preservation of knowledge Recording the knowledge in books, tapes, videos etc. 2. Transmission of knowledge Provide knowledge to large audiences through TV, radio, distance education etc. 3. Advancement of knowledge Educational process is mechanised and helps in the further extesion of human knowledge

Third Meaning of ET
ET means development of set of systematic techniques and accompanying practical knowledge for designing, testing and operating schools as educational system. It borrows tools from engineering and principles from physical and behavioural sciences for enhancing teaching-learning process.

TEACHING TECHNOLOGY
Teaching Technology It is the application of philosophical, Sociological and scientific knowledge of teaching for achieving some specific learning objectives. As teaching is a purposeful activity and ultimate aim of teaching is to bring all-round development of the child. The knowledge and practice that helps in realizing the goal is the content matter. So teaching technology concerns with the systematization of the process of teaching and provides necessary theory and practice for the teachers to bring improvement in the teaching process.

INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY
Instructional technology It is much wider than teaching technology as it also includes the means and materials concerning individualized instructions and self learning including teaching machines and computer assisted learning independent of teacher and their acts. It is concerned with providing proper stimuli to the learner to produce certain types of responses. It determines the media and methods that may be used for attaining the instructional objectives.

BEHAVIOURAL TECHNOLOGY
Behavioural technology it is based on study of human behaviour. As different areas require different behaviour so it covers the area of commerse, administration, health, training, education, teaching and instruction. It has a much wider scope than other two technologies as it covers every type of human behaviour. In teaching process it mainly refers to the behaviour of the teacher and the students. It tells us about the various techniques to modify behaviour of the teacher e.g. microteaching, simulated teaching, interaction analysis etc.

SCOPE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

Analysis of Teaching and Learning It covers all the aspects of teaching and learning such as concept, variables, levels and phases, functions of teaching, concept of learning, theories of Learning, maxims and principles. Planning Learning Environment creates and plans proper learning environment so that students may learn with interest and comfort Development of teaching-learning materials Helps in the development of Educational Software, Programmed learning material, Mass-media, Computer-assisted instruction and other instructional materials.

 Teachers Preparation Various techniques like Micro-teaching, Simulated teaching, Team teaching and other behaviour modification techniques are developed for the preparation of teachers Development of Audio/Visual aids Development and selection of A/V aids with the help of Educational Technology plays an important role in the teaching-learning process. Evaluation It deals with the area of exercising control over the process of teaching and learning. It develops suitable tools for the continuous and improved evaluation of processes and products of teaching learning activities. Such an evaluation provides feedback to the teacher and student for making improvement.

SIGNIFICANCE OF ET
Formulation of Objectives Behavioural terms Curriculum Development Organizing subjectmatter systematically Preparation and selection of Hardware Development of Software Effective use of Mass-media Distance education Teacher Training Improvement of educational administration / educational supervision