ASSIGNMENT 1

(CONCEPT OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH)

MR MOHAN KUMAR MANIKAM

MARTIN HII CHUN YEONG NORAINI BINTI ROSMAN NOOR KHALLEZZA BT ABDUL RAZAK NUR MUSFIRAH BT MOHAMED SALIB SARANYA A/P SOMCHAI ZULHIDAYAT BIN NASLIM SYAZANA BINTI ROSLI 17DAS09F1006 17DAS09F1011 17DAS09F1014 17DAS09F1016 17DAS09F1023 17DAS09F1031 17DAS09F1035

The Occupational Safety and Health, OSH Act 1994 (Act 514) was gazetted on February 24, 1994. The legislation requires all employers with more than five employees to formulate a written Safety and Health Policy of their workplaces. The Act sets out the responsibilities of the employers and employees in maintaining a safe and healthy working environment. The Act also provides for the Malaysian Minister to issue regulations to implement the Act more precisely

 the condition of being protected against physical,

social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other event which could be considered non-desirable.

 Aims
y Every working man and woman in the nation safe and

healthful working conditions y To preserve our human resources

 Objective y State ranges of protective clothing and equipment. y Identify potential hazards and preventative action to

be taken.

y Identify employers/colleges and employees/students

Health and Safety responsibilities.

y Specify layouts and purpose of safety signs. y Describe fire and emergency procedures. y State classifications of fire extinguishers.

y To promote and secure the health safety and welfare of y y y y

people at work. To protect people at work against hazards. To assist in securing safe hygienic work environments. To reduce, eliminate and control hazards. To foster co-operation and consultation between employers and employees

A concern for the safety, welfare and health of each employee in the workplace. How to protect co-workers, family members, employees, customers, suppliers, nearby communities and the public that will be affected from any danger environment in the workplace. Introduces a description of how to manage workers, prevention of health problems stemming from the workplace. The protection on every employee in every risk that could have an impact on health and place employees in an appropriate and healthy environment for all employees.

1.

To secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work. To protect person at a place of work other than persons at work against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work. To promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their physiological and psychological needs. To provide the means whereby the associated occupational safety and health legislation may be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and approved industry codes of practice operating in combination with the provisions of this act designed to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.

2.

3.

4.

Safety. Control for prevention. Management commitment. Cooperation between employees.

y OSHA provides a wide range of references and services

to help employers and employees improve workplace health and safety and comply with regulatory requirements. These include the following:
y Education and training opportunities, y Publications, y Electronic services, y Free onsite consultation services, and y Participation in the Voluntary Protection Programs.

an employer of top management, preferably the CEO. y A secretary - can be appointed from among the members. If the company has safety and health officer he or she should be the secretary. y Representatives of employer - a ballot shall be held to determine the representatives. y Worker s Representatives
y A chairman

y 1. Production Manager y 2. Engineering Manager y 3. Representative R & D / Technical /Laboratory y 4. Representative of Employee Relations /Human y y y y y

Resources / Security 5. Department representatives Goods Handling 6. Representative Store / Warehouse 7. Representative of the Union / Employee 8. Representative Administrative / Clerical(women) 9. Nursing Industry

Role of Occupational Safety and Health Committee Members is to:  Ensure meetings are conducted.  Recommend financial decisions within budgetary constraints.  Report to the employees regarding issues of concerns or matters discussed.  Report status of previous decisions and recommendations to other employees.  Advice on safety issues within the constraints of the Act.

 Policy statements from the top is the best way for the

communication of the organization's commitment to health and safety.  The attitude of top management, the relationship between employers and employees, community interests and technology all combine to play a role in detecting addressed how health and safety at work.

 Workplace health and safety record is good exists

when concern for responsibility by all parties within the organization.  This will improve the working relationship between employer and employee.  Under the Act, employers must prepare and make checks Employee Health and Safety Policy in writing each year.  It also needs to develop and maintain each of the programs to implement those policies.

Policy is divided into 3 main parts :y General Policy Statement y Organization y Arrangements

Procedures
y Workplace procedures can be done in writing or

by verbal / directly by the management of an organization. It includes procedures such as: a) General enterprise management - Procedures and work instructions job b) Health and safety in particular - Specific hazards - Emergency response - Discussion and involvement - Results of occupational health and safety issues - Identify the hazards, such as to check - Evaluation and control risk - Use safety devices - Reporting of occupational health and safety issues.

y A person who contravenes the above provisions shall

be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding RM5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to both

y Help integrate health and safety programs into routine departmental y y y y y

operations Ensure that an effective internal network exists for communicating health and safety information to their department Coordinate, communicate and maintain the department programs noted herein Be available to liaison with EH&S and convey information back to their department Periodically assess the department s compliance status with the various programs and report to the department head Determine which OSHA regulations or standards apply to areas or functions of your department. EHS may assist in this determination, using the Department Health and Safety Profile. Review the status of the applicable health and safety programs and regulatory compliance within the department.

y ensure the necessary risk assessments have been done and the

y y

y y y y y

safety provisions relating to the work discussed with those doing it ensure that relevant safety documentation is readily available for reference ensure that those under their supervision have received training appropriate to their needs and that safety considerations are integrated into this training document the training given to individuals ensure that the work environment and equipment are safe and well maintained identify and correct hazardous conditions investigate accidents or incidents and revise risk assessments, where necessary ensure that relevant staff are registered with the Occupational Health Service, and that they attend health surveillance appointments when required

Ways to spread safety information

Training program

Health and safety audits

y Safety training classes help establish a safety culture in

which employees themselves help promote proper safety procedures while on the job.
y It is important that new employees be properly trained

and embrace the importance of workplace safety as it is easy for seasoned workers to negatively influence the new hires.
y A 1998 NIOSH study concluded that the role of

training in developing and maintaining effective hazard control activities is a proven and successful method of intervention.

A. Determining if Training is Needed B. Identifying Training Needs C. Identifying Goals and Objectives D. Developing learning activities E. Conducting the training F. Evaluating program effectiveness G. Improving the program H. Training must align with job tasks.

y y y y y y

Computers and videos can be a great addition to a company's safety training program. Computer-based training can help meet the following training challenges Training employees in remote sites Employees who become bored with the same safety training Safety managers lack of time and resources to effectively train employees Providing a means of documenting and tracking student progress Lowering trainer fees or travel costs A self-paced, relaxed learning environment

y Conducting regular health and safety audits is the way

enlightened companies are maintaining safe work environments and staying out of court. y An audit or risk assessment sets the acceptable levels for practices and procedures in the workplace. y These regular checks ensure acceptable levels of risk are being met and they provide an opportunity to identify new or emerging risks in the workplace.

Work standard y responsibilities y Precautions y Training y planned entry y entry with PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) y emergency preparedness y safety equipment y standby worker y isolating y cleaning y adequate ventilation y gas testing y sampling and analysis y job completion

y Labelling y Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) y Hearing Protection y Protection for lead paint work

y To provide and maintain a place and a system that is safe y

y y

y y

and healthy To ensure that all staff are given information, instruction, training and supervision on how to carry out the task safely and without risk to health To investigate all accidents, disease, poisoning and dangerous occur encased take steps to ensure such incidents do not recur To comply with the requirements and other legislation on occupational safety and health requirements as set out in the Occupational Safety and Health Act1994, regulations and approved codes of practice To provide facilities for the welfare of all employees, and To review this policy when necessary.

It shall be duty of every employer and every self-employed person to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees. The provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health. The making of arrangement of enasuring safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation, handling, storage and transport of plant and substances. The provision of such information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as practicable, the safety and health at work of his employees. The provision and maintenance of a working environment Prepare and as often as may be appropriate revise a written statement of his general policy with respect to the safety and health at work

y To ensure secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work

against risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons at work;
y To protect persons at a place of work other than persons at work against

risks to safety or health arising out of the activities of persons t work;

y To promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is

adapted to their physiological and psychological needs;

y To provide the means whereby the associated occupational safety and

health legislations may be progressively replaced by a system of regulation and approved industry codes of practice operating in combination with the provisions of this Act designed to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.

 Take reasonable care for the safety and health of himself and of other persons who

may be affected by his acts or omissions at work

 Co-operate with his employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty or

requirement imposed on the employer by Occupational Safety and Health Act1994 or any regulation
 Wear or use at all times any protaective equipment or clothing provided by the

employer for the purpose of preventing risks to safety and health

 Comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health

instituted by his employer or any other person by or under this Occupational Safety and Health Act1994 or any regulation.

y All organization must have a written Health and Safety

Policy statement. The policy should cover all aspects of the organization and be relevant to all employees. A Health and Safety Policy will show how an organization takes its health and safety responsibilities. A good policy will show how the organization protects those who could be affected by its activities. The policy should be of an appropriate length and relevance to the activities and size of the organization