Chapter One:

Introducing the Worlds Largest Industry, Tourism

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Learning Objectives
Understand and explain the basic definition of tourism Identify the major participants and forces shaping the tourism industry Explain the historical factors that encouraged the development of tourism Explain the impact of physical, human, and regional geography on tourism activities Explain why tourism should be studied from marketing, management and financial perspectives Identify future challenges and opportunities facing the tourism industry Discuss career prospects in the tourism industry
Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Services and Tourism

Service and Tourism go hand in hand Growth rate of services sector faster than any other Tourism is the leader in the production of new jobs Tourism has developed an important part of the economic foundation of many countries

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

What is Tourism?
Tourism is the temporary movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence, the activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations, and the facilities created to cater to their needs

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

A Tourism Model
Dynamic and interrelated nature of tourism The traveling public (tourists) are the focal point (heart) of the model Tourism promoters link the traveling public with the suppliers of services Tourism suppliers provide the services that tourists need when they travel External forces affect all participants in tourism; tourists, promoters and suppliers

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

The History of Tourism

Early travelers migrated for food and hunting Phoenicians, Olmecs, early Chinese traveled for trade and military control The Empire Era
Affluent population with time and money to travel Safe and easy travel Widely accepted currencies Widely used languages Legal system which protects personal safety

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

The History of Tourism, continued

The Middle Ages (5th to 14th centuries) and the Renaissance Era (14th to 16th centuries)
Transportation and safety declined Less acceptance of currencies and less knowledge of common languages Some travel by crusaders to Holy Land Marco Polos historic travels in the late 13th century Increased interest in travel for commerce and pleasure

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

The History of Tourism, continued

The Grand Tour Era (1613 to 1785 A.D.)
Trend of luxurious travel started by wealthy English Developed as a status symbol and spread throughout Europe Goal was to experience the civilized world and study the arts and sciences These travels often lasted for several years Growth in travel for business reasons

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

The History of Tourism, continued

The Mobility Era (1800-1944)
Growing economic prosperity Increase in systems, modes, and speeds of travel (roads, railroads, steamships) Thomas Cook developed tour packages for mass travel Invention of automobile and airplane expanded freedom to travel

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

The History of Tourism, continued

The Modern Era (1945 to present)
Paid vacations introduced in the early 1900s made leisure travel possible for working and middle classes Millions of people were introduced to international travel during World War II Postwar prosperity made mass ownerships of automobiles possible Advent of jet travel shortened travel time Time, money, safety and interest in travel led to unparalleled growth of tourism Development of mass tourism

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Bringing Tourism into Focus

Typical reasons for travel Vacation and leisure trips Visits to friends and relatives Business and professional trips Host community affected by tourism Can study tourism from a variety of perspectives Wide variety of questions relating to tourism need to be answered Technology having unprecedented affect on tourism industry

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Geography Describes the Travelers World

Physical geography- study of natural features of region Human geography- study of a regions cultures and peoples Regional geographycombination of physical and human geography

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Studying Tourism from Business Perspectives

Marketing Management Finance

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Tourisms Challenges and Opportunities

Encourage growth of tourism as it creates jobs and brings money into the community or country. It also serves an important need for the consumer. May change social structure

Unplanned tourism can lead to excessive demands of transportation, public services and degrade the environment.

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved

Where do you fit in?

Projected to remain the worlds largest industry. Travel and tourism sales will grow at a rate of 4.1% a year through the year 2020. Have the choice of working in a really fun place!

Cook: Tourism: The Business of Travel, 3rd edition (c) 2006 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 07458. All Rights Reserved