What is Attitude?
Attitude is a mental and neural stage of readiness organized through experience exerting a dynamic influence upon the individuals response to all situations and objects with which he is related. Attitude is a complex mental state involving beliefs, feelings, values and dispositions to act in certain ways.
Attitudes develop on the ABC model( affect, behavioural change and cognition).
The affective response is a psychological response that expresses an individuals preferences for an entity. The behavioural intention is a verbal indication of the intention of an individual. The cognitive response is a cognitive evaluation of the entity to form an attitude. Most attitudes in individuals are a result of observational learning from their environment. In a nutshell, attitudes are tendencies to feel and behave in a particular way towards some objects, persons or events.
Features of Attitudes
Multiplexity- influence of a number of elements ex. family, society, environment etc. Relation to needs-attitudes vary in relation to the need they serve ex. sports, music, dance etc. Valence refers to the magnitude. (favourable / unfavourable or showing indifferent attitude) Related to feelings & beliefs Attitudes affect behaviour either positively or negatively because attitude s affect ones perceptions. Attitudes undergo changes as one is exposed to different situations/people. Attitude determines altitude!!!!!!!!
Formation of Attitudes
Individuals are not born with certain attitudes. They are not inherent. They are acquired and learned by individuals. Factors responsible for formation of attitudes: Psychological factors i.e. ideas, values, beliefs, perceptions etc. Family plays a significant role. Society. Political factors. Economic factors. Attitudes can be changed through persuasion!!!!!
Change of Attitudes
Formation and change of attitudes are not two separate things but they are intertwined. Changing attitudes is a long term process. Change of attitudes is person centred rather than work centred. Ways of changing attitude in a person: Filling in the information gap Use of Fear Resolving the Discrepancies between attitude and behaviour Impact of Peers Co-opting Approach (mutual cooperation/understanding)
Attitudes change when: -a person receives new information from others or media - Cognitive change -through direct experience with the attitude object - Affective change -force a person to behave in a way different than normal - Behavioural change.
Examples of Positive attitude a) The Frog Story b) The Story of Two Asses c) videos on Abraham Lincoln
Attitude in Workplace
Attitudes represent a powerful force in any organization. An attitude of trust can pave the way for better communication between employee and supervisor. Employers dont want to hire people with negative attitude. In spite of having best education, experience , resume and skills in the world one will not be hired if one has wrong attitude. One is expected to have Pride (self dignity), Passion (burning desire) Belief in self which will create vigour and force that gives you the fuel to charge). Your attitude is the most important factor to job success.
Obstacles in developing positive attitude. The common obstacles to develop a positive attitude Exaggerating Over generating Personalizing Thinking Jumping to conclusions Ignoring the positive Setting yourself up for success Avoid perfectionism Helpful approach Focus on the future Your outlook determines your output. Catherine Pulsifer
Staying Positive
Choose to be positive Look at the bright side of the life Choose to be and stay optimistic Find reason to smile more often Have faith in yourself and in the power of universe Contemplate on the futility of negative thinking and worries Associate yourself with happy people Read inspiring quotes and stories Repeat affirmations that inspire and motivate you Visualize only what you want to happen Learn to master your thoughts
Examples of positive attitude I will think of myself as successful! I will have positive expectations for everything I do! I will remind myself of the past successes! I will not dwell on past failures and will not repeat them! I will surround myself with positive people and ideas! I will keep trying until I achieve the results I want!
Staying Negative
Five types of negative thinking: Magnifying Destructive labelling Imperative thinking (think of inflexible rules about how you and others should act-usually based on negative past experience. Mind reading-other peoples action towards a person/event. Divide and conquer-this happens because of over magnification and wanting others to support a particular position.
Control your frustration. Speak slowly, breath deeply into your heart. Choose to remain calm. Stop looking at the rear view mirror. you are with a choice either to look at negative past or into positive future. Past failures dont equal current successes. Watch with great care with who you hang with out. Jim Rohn says You become the average sum of the five people with whom you associate with. To have a simple test ask yourself these questions: -Who am I around with? -What are they doing to me? -What have they got me saying? -Where do they have me going? -What do they have me thinking? -What do they have me becoming? At the end ask yourself the big question: Is that okay?
Attitude in Action Inconsiderate Pessimistic Weak Rude Soar Irritable Inferiority Indecision
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