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The document discusses different types of semiconductor devices that exhibit negative resistance, including Gunn diodes. It provides details on the operation of Gunn diodes, noting that they use the Gunn effect where application of an electric field causes electrons in gallium arsenide to shift from a high mobility central valley to a lower mobility satellite valley, producing negative resistance. Key aspects of Gunn diode operation are that electrons gain energy and transfer between the central and satellite valleys, slowing and decreasing current at the threshold voltage.
The document discusses different types of semiconductor devices that exhibit negative resistance, including Gunn diodes. It provides details on the operation of Gunn diodes, noting that they use the Gunn effect where application of an electric field causes electrons in gallium arsenide to shift from a high mobility central valley to a lower mobility satellite valley, producing negative resistance. Key aspects of Gunn diode operation are that electrons gain energy and transfer between the central and satellite valleys, slowing and decreasing current at the threshold voltage.
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The document discusses different types of semiconductor devices that exhibit negative resistance, including Gunn diodes. It provides details on the operation of Gunn diodes, noting that they use the Gunn effect where application of an electric field causes electrons in gallium arsenide to shift from a high mobility central valley to a lower mobility satellite valley, producing negative resistance. Key aspects of Gunn diode operation are that electrons gain energy and transfer between the central and satellite valleys, slowing and decreasing current at the threshold voltage.
Hak Cipta:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Format Tersedia
Unduh sebagai PPTX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
In 1963 J. B. Gunn discovered the transferred electron mechanism, since then we are calling it as Gunn Effect. The device that uses Gunn Effect known as Gunn Diode or Transferred Electron Device. In the transferred electron mechanism, the conduction of electrons of some semiconductors is shifted from a state of high mobility to a state of low mobility by the influence of strong electric field. This process is known as Gunn Effect. During this process negative resistance occurs at some point of critical voltage.
Gunn diode basics
Gunn diode is only found in N-type semiconductor materials, so that it must be associated with electrons rather than with holes. Above some critical voltage, corresponding to an electric field of 2000~4000 V/cm, the current in every spectrum (GaAs) became a fluctuating function of time. This is known as RWH (RidleyHatkins-Hilsum) theory. This was explained by J.B. Gunn.
Gunn diode basics
Band structure of Gunn diode
Gunn diode operation
Gunn diode operation
In N-type GaAs the valence band is filled with electrons and conduction band is partly filled. The forbidden energy gap between valence band and conduction band is about 1.43 eV. In ordinary semiconductors conduction band is the highest energy band. But in N-type GaAs the conduction band consists of different energy levels. Here conduction band is referred to as central valley. Above the conduction band we have another higher empty energy band separated by 0.3 eV from conduction band. This empty energy band is referred as satellite valley. In the satellite valley mobility of electrons is less than central valley.
Gunn diode operation
Gunn diode operation
Gunn diode operation
1. On application of electric filed or voltage across the GaAs slice, electrons start travel from cathode to anode. 2. The greater the potential across the slice, the higher is the velocity of electrons and therefore greater the current. 3. Once the electrons have gained enough energy i.e. at the threshold level, they transferred to higher energy band that is to satellite valley from central valley 4. In the satellite valley electrons become less mobile and so get slowed down. Now there is a fall in current and thus negative resistance is exhibited 5. As the voltage rises further, the gradient become sufficient to remove electrons from the satellite valley so that current again starts rising with voltage