Agricultural Extension System in Sudan

Mohamed Saad Ali

Welcome

Sudan profile

Sudan map

Name Geographic location Area Rank

The Republic of the Sudan. 15 00 N, 30 00 E is situated in the northeastern corner of Africa. 1,861,484 sq km 16th

Border countries:
Climate

Central African Republic, Chad Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, South

Hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)

Population
Literacy

34 million (2010)
Total population: 61.1% male: 71.8% female: 50.5% (2003 est.) Arabic English Local languages.

language

Independent
Capital Governable type Number of states Currency

1 January 1956 (from Egypt and the UK)

Khartoum Sudan is a presidential, federal republic 14
Sudan Pounds

Agriculture contribute

It contributes to about 39% of the total GDP, provides employment to about 65% of the population
Blue and White Nile rivers that merged at Khartoum to form the River Nile. Rain Groundwater Cotton, Sesame, Gum Arabic and livestock

Water resources

Export crops

History of agriculture
The

beginning of agricultural research in Sudan dates back to 1902 The Gazeera scheme was established in 1925. 2 million Ha. Agricultural Extension started in 1938-1941 by Mr. Pecon dean of agriculture school before independent. Agriculture college established in1939. After independent the agric. Extension was established by UAS AID in 1958 in southern states

Farming System

Irrigated Agriculture
with

sugar cane, cotton, wheat, sorghum, groundnut, fruits and vegetables as main crops grown

Pivot irrigation

Conventional tillage

Palm date

wheat

sorghum

Grapefruits

Mechanized Rainfed Agriculture

With

sorghum as a principle crop in addition to sesame and small amount of short fiber cotton

Traditional Rainfed Agriculture

With

millet, sesame, groundnut and Roselle as major crops.

Supplementary irrigation

Conventional seeding
Traditional harvest

Conventional seeding

Hibiscus

Sesame

Gum Arabic

Millet

Sudanese sheep

Agricultural Extension

General Administration of Technology Transfer and Extension TTEA

Features
Governmental

system Governmental funding National coverage by the public sector A decentralized Focus on technology transfer

Objectives
Modernization

of agriculture Increase crop yields & improve quality of produce Improve Farmers Income Through the sustainable use of natural resources, to the Human Prosperity via successful, profitable & sustainable agricultural production

The Mandate of TTEA

Adoption and Transfer of modern technologies.
Strengthen linkages of agricultural Institutions Mobilizing of the stakeholders in Agriculture

Approaches
approach Year
1925

Target group
Irrigated farmers

Commodity
T&V System Community R.D
General Participatory Farmer field school Public & private partnership

Irrigated farmers
1985 1990 1958 1995 1992 2004

Rainfed farmers

All farmers
Rainfed farmers Irrigated farmers Rainfed farmers

Ministry of Agriculture
TTEA Irrigated Schemes

GD TTEA
Agricultural Engineering

TTC

Fed eral level

Seed

Information

Extension

TTEA

State level
farmers Locality

Agricultural Extension levels

Federal

level Development of policies, strategies and work to link the guidance of contributors (technical training and support) State level Working directly with producers - guidance change the attitudes -the transmission of skills Locality Working directly with producers and farmers.

Target Group
Farmers

Farmers group
Women

Rural family

Linkage with research

Vacation varieties Committee agricultural farming Committee Pesticides Committee

Extension Methods
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Demonstration field TV & Radio Programme Farmer Field School Meeting Field Visit Internet . Mobile Phone

Culture

Sudanese faces

Sudanese faces

Sudanese face

Sudanese face

Sudanese face

Sudanese face

Sudanese dress

wedding

Sudanese dance

House

Sudanese village house

Nubian house

Medium house

Riche house

Schools

Village school

town school

Modern school

GRAIN SILO

Hospital

The Nile River Map

Blue and White Nile rivers that merged at Khartoum to form the River Nile

Sudanese Pyramids

Sudanese Pyramids

Sudanese Temple of archaeological

Republican Palace

Thank You