Presented by group 2: Nguyn Long Nguyn Trung Vit

Chapter Objectives
After completing this chapter, we will be able to: Demonstrate the proper way to specify units of measurement. Identify the basic concept of tolerance and assembly. Demonstrate the proper way to specify dimensions and tolerances. Do some simple exercises and check the result with computer.

Units of Linear Measurement:

Linear measurement

Inch system

Metric system

Fundamental drawing rule

Inch system
A zero is never placed before the decimal point for value less than one inch.

Metric system
A zero is placed before the demical point for value less than one milimeter. Zeros are not added to the right of the demical point when dimensions are whole number plus some decimal fraction of a milimeter

A dimension is specified with the same number of decimal place as its tolerance even if zeros need to be added to the right of decimal point

Fundamental drawing rule

Size Designations
Nominal size: It is the designation used for general identification and is usually expressed in common fractions.

Size Designations
Actual size: is the measured size of the finished part.

Size Designations
Limit dimension

Maximum limit of size Hole: Dmax Shaft: dmax

Minimum limit of size Hole: Dmin Shaft: dmin

d m in d real d m ax

Limit deviation
Upper deviation: is the difference between the nominonal size and the permitted maximum size of the part.

Lower deviation: is the difference between the nominonal size and the minimum permitted size of the part.

Deviation is positive and also negative.

Limit deviation

Tolerance fundamental
Tolerance is the difference between the permitted minimum and maximum sizes of a part.

Tolerance is denoted by

A number symbol (the grade)

A letter symbol Hole: Capital letters. Shaft: Small letters.

Tolerance fundamental

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

Asembly :the process of putting together a number of parts to make a machine or other products

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

Fit: tightness or looseness of combination of parts.

1:Wrapping surface (B mt bao) 2:Wrapped surface (B mt b bao)

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

Type of fit (based on the surface)
1)Plain surface fit (b mt trn)
Plain cylinder fit (tr trn) Smooth fit (b mt phng)

4- pttng, 5- xilanh

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

2)Thread fit (lp ghp ren)

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

3)Gear Drive fit (lp ghp truyn ng bnh rng)

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

We can divide the plane surface fit into 3 group: The interference fit The clearance fit The transition fit

Always have a space between parts

Either a clearance or interference condition

Always an actual interference of material

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

Important equation: 1. Clearance fit the difference between the sizes of the hole and the shaft, before assembly. S=D-d =>Smax = Dmax dmin Smin = Dmin dmax

Tolerance of the clearance:

TS = Smax Smin

= ( Dmax dmin ) (Dmin dmax )

= ( Dmax Dmin ) + (dmax dmin )

T S = T D + Td

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

2.Transition fit:

Tolerance:

TN,S = Nmax + Smax TN,S = TD + Td

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

3.Interference Fit: Allowance N d (the minimum clearance space or maximum interference)

D
N min d min Dmax

N max d max Dmin

N max N min Nm 2
Tolerance:

TN N max N min

TN TD Td

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

Distributive graph of the region of the fitting tolerance: (s phn b dung sai) -The zero line:the nominal size. -The vertical axe: the deviation. Ex1:d=D=40mm Hole:ES=25 m;EI=0 m; Shaft:es=-25 m;ei=-50 m; =>Clearance fit =>Smax =75 m Smin =25 m ( H7:F7)

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

EX2:D=d=82mm,ES=35 m,EI=0 m,es=45 m,ei=23 m Draw the diagram,caculate Dmax, Dmin , d max, d min ,tolerance and allowance.(H7:n6) Solution: Dm ax D ES 82mm 0.035mm 82.035mm Dm in D EI 82mm 0mm 82mm d m ax d es 82mm 0.045mm 82.045mm d m in d ei 82mm 0.023mm 82.023mm Tolerance : TD ES EI 0.035 0 0.035mm Transition fit Td es ei 0.045 0.023 0.022mm TN , S Td TD 0.022 0.035 0.057mm
Allowance: S m ax Dm ax d m in 82.035 82.023 0.012mm N m ax d m ax Dm in 82.045 82 0.045mm

ASSEMBLY AND FIT

DO IT YOURSELF:From the plot,caculate:
DN , d N , ES , EI ,es ,ei , Dmax, Dmin , d max, d min ,TD ,Td ,T , N max, N min

Solution:

DN d N 45mm; ES 25m; EI 0 m; es 50 m; ei 34 m; Dmax 45.025mm; Dmin 45mm; d max 45.05mm; d min 45.034mm; TD 0.025mm; Td 0.016 mm; T 0.041mm; N max 0.05mm; N min 0.009mm