Design and Fabrication of Mechanical Power Steering

Name of Students
O.Ramakrishnan G.Vignesh P.Murugan M. Nair Akhil

Guided by
Mr.S.Ravikumar M.E,M.B.A.,

Aim
The Aim or Objective of this project is to design and fabricate the pinion of Rack and Pinion Steering Arrangement. We are altering the size of pinion to make a normal steering act as a power steering.

Steering System
Function of Steering System
Control of front wheel (sometimes rear wheel) direction. Transmit road feel (slight steering wheel pull caused by the road surface) to the drivers hand.
Maintain correct amount of effort needed to turn the wheels. Absorb most of the shock going to the steering wheel as the tire hits holes and bumps in the road. Allow for suspension action.

Summary
In rack-and-pinion steering linkage, steering input is received from a pinion gear attached to the steering column. There are three types of manual steering gears in use today: recirculating ball, worm and roller, and rack-and-pinion.

Design Calculation
Design of Spur Gear Material Selection: Pinion-C15 Steel Calculation of Stress:

TYPES OF GEARS
1. According to the position of axes of the shafts. a. Parallel 1.Spur Gear 2.Helical Gear 3.Rack and Pinion b. Intersecting Bevel Gear c. Non-intersecting and Non-parallel worm and worm gears

SPUR GEAR
Teeth is parallel to axis of rotation Transmit power from one shaft to another parallel shaft Used in Electric screwdriver, oscillating sprinkler, windup alarm clock, washing machine and clothes dryer

GEAR..
Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a location where it is applied to performing useful work

A gear is a component within a transmission device that transmits rotational force to another gear or device

Rack-and-Pinion Steering
Rack
Is a toothed bar in a metal housing that acts similarly to a centre link.

Pinion
Is a worm gear attached to the steering column that transfers movement to the rack.

Tie-rods
Connect the rack to the steering knuckles.

Rack and pinion

Rack and pinion gears are used to convert rotation (From the pinion) into linear motion (of the rack) A perfect example of this is the steering system on many cars

NOMENCLATURE OF SPUR GEARS

Steering System
Basic Rack-and-Pinion Steering

Helical Gear

Helical Gear
The teeth on helical gears are cut at an angle to the face of the gear This gradual engagement makes helical gears operate much more smoothly and quietly than spur gears One interesting thing about helical gears is that if the angles of the gear teeth are correct, they can be mounted on perpendicular shafts, adjusting the rotation angle by 90 degrees

A Rack-and-Pinion Steering System

Power Steering System

Power Steering normally use an engine driven pump and a hydraulic
system to assist steering action. Three major types of power steering systems: Integral-piston linkage system. External power steering system. Rack-and-pinion system Integral power piston. External power piston.

Integral Rack-and-pinion system is the most common.

Steering System
Basic Rack-and-Pinion Steering
Gear Housing- holds the pinion gear and rack.

Tie-rods- connects the rack with steering knuckles.

Steering System
Basic Rack-and-Pinion Steering

Pinion Gear- rotated by the steering wheel and steering shaft; its teeth mesh with the teeth on the rack.
Rack- long steel bar with teeth along one section; slides sideways as the pinion gear turns.

Power Steering System Types

Conclusion
Hence the power steering in automotives can be made into use by simple gear size conversions instead of using Hydraulic, Pneumatic or Electrical energy.
We also thank our beloved staff members for the encouragement made to make us use this idea into a successful project.