What is IP?

An Overview

Anton Hilario
CCDA, CCNA, CSE

What is IP? An overview

Smart Technology Overview

1G/ Analog

GSM (Digital)

3G

What is IP? An overview

Whats Next?

WiMax

LTE

Comparison

Smart Technology Overview

1G/ Analog

GSM (Digital)

3G

What is IP? An overview

IP
Whats Next?

Why do I need to know?

Importance to our lives

How can I use the knowledge I gained in IP?

WiMax

LTE

Comparison

Smart Technology Overview

1G/ Analog

GSM (Digital)

3G

Analog

GSM(Digital)

GSM(Digital)

GSM(Digital)

*The Philippines alone sends on the average 400 million text messages a day or approximately 142 billion text messages sent a year, more than the annual average SMS volume of the countries in Europe, and even China and India

3G

HSDPA, HSPA, HSPA+

1G/ Analog
Voice Analog Phones Talk & Text Smart Money Smart e-Load Pasaload

3G
Canopy Antenna SmartBro Video Call HSDPA MyTV SmartBro USB Modem Red Mobile SmartBro Prepaid Plug N Talk

1991

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

IP

Smart Link

GSM (Digital)
Voice SMS, MMS, WAP Digital Phones Smart Gold Smart Buddy Prepaid card PureTxt100 HSPA HSPA+ Share it Wireless Router Smart Bro SurfTV

WiMax
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access It supports 40mbps for upload & 10mbps for download with a distance of 30 miles Cost effective network connectivity over difficult terrain IP based technology Broadband on demand without the need of cables
Hotspots Residential

LTE
Long Term Evolution It supports 100mbps (upload) & 50mbps (download) with a distance of 62 miles Allow operators to achieve even higher peak throughput Offers full vehicular speed mobility A flat IP-based network architecture

Technology Comparison
TECHNOLOGY

Legend: Past Current Future

DATA
Upload Download

VOICE

SMS/ MMS/ WAP

Video Call

Analog (1G)

GSM (2G) 2.5G -GPRS -EDGE 3G 3.5G -HSDPA -HSPA -HSPA+

40kbps 60kbps 384kbps 2mbps 11.5mbps 40kbps 240kbps 14.5mbps 14.5mbps 28mbps

WiMax LTE

40mbps
100mbps

10mbps 50mbps

Why do I need to know about IP?

What is a Network

Physical Components of a Network

Resource-Sharing Functions & Benefits

Data and applications Resources Network storage Backup devices

Open System Interconnection (OSI) Layer

File Transfer, Email, Remote Login, Telnet ASCII Text, Sound (syntax layer) Establish/manage connection End-to-end control & error checking (ensure complete data transfer): TCP Routing and Forwarding Address: IP Two party communication: Ethernet How to transmit signal; coding Hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier

SENDER

RECEIVER

SENDER

Application

Presentation
Sesssion

AR
SA DA AR
SA DA AR

Transport Network Data Link

Send the Fish
CDO to MLA
CDO to Masbate to MLA

Physical
Water

SENDER

RECEIVER

Application

Application

Presentation
Sesssion

Presentation
Sesssion Transport
CDO to MLA
CDO to Masbate to MLA

AR
SA DA

Transport Network Data Link

AR DA

Network Data Link Physical

Send the Fish

Physical
Water

What is Bandwidth, Speed & Throughput?

Bandwidth
o The amount of data that can be carried from one point to another in a given time period (usually a second) o capacity

Speed
o Connection test on what will be the response time between you computer and the internet/server using ping and tracert

Throughput
o Is the average rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel

1000 Liters = Bandwidth

Water Pipe

Water Pipe Size = Speed

Amount of water reached on the destination/s = Throughput

Water Pipe

The Birth of Internet

ARPA - U.S. government's research agency, 1957
Space and strategic missile research

In 1958, NASA was formed

Focused mainly on computer science and information processing To connect mainframe computers at different universities around the country Able to communicate using a common protocol

ARPAnet -- the world's first multiple-site computer network -- was created in 1969.
Eventually grew into the Internet Based on the concept that there would be multiple independent networks Pioneering in packet-switching network

Wired Connections
Phoneline Networks
Dial up Cable or ADSL Modem

Ethernet
transmit data, video, and audio At rates up to 100Mbps to 1000Mbps Leased Line

Connection to the Internet

Leased Line

DSL/ Cable

Wireless

Dedicated Highway

Over the Air

Shared Highway

Determining the Data

DATA
Source Address Destination Address

IP - Internet Protocol
For transmitting data over the Internet On the Internet, there are the TCP/IP protocols, consisting of:
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which uses a set of rules to exchange messages with other Internet points at the information packet level Internet Protocol (IP), which uses a set of rules to send and receive messages at the Internet address level (IPv4 & IPv6)

Used to identify the device uniquely among all other devices connected to the network or on the Internet

Hello! Computer B, I will send a DATA for you, is this your IP Address? 192.168.10.5

INTERNET

Hi! Computer A, Yes that is my IP Address, acknowledge

Computer A

Computer B

46 Unang Hakbang St., Galas, QC.

Data

Internet Protocol

Data

Source Address

SMART Tower 6799 Ayala Avenue Makati, Philippines 1226

Destination Address

Data
Computer A

Internet

IP

Computer B

What is an IP Address?
They uniquely identify each device on an IP network. Every host (computer, networking device, peripheral) must have a unique address. Host ID: Identifies the individual host Is assigned by organizations to individual devices

Network

Host

Barangay SPRATLY

Network
# 89

#1

#2

# 11

Host
#3 # 10

# 12

# 69

How to Check your IP Address?

IPv4
Consists of 32 bits Using binary notation (Base2), equivalent to 4,294,967,296 (232) Segmented four 8-bit fields called octets Each octet is converted to a decimal number (base 10) from 0255 Separated by a period (a dot)
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx.xxxxxxxx
32 bits Octets 0-255

The name "octets" derives from the positions the numbers can have in the binary form of the IP address, which is actually used by computers.
Binary Format Dotted Decimal Notation

11000000 10101000 00000011 00011000

192.168.3.24

Sample - from Decimal to Binary

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

x x x x x x x x
63
198

0
1

0
1

1
0

1
0

1
0

1
1

1
1

1
0

223

Lets compute: from Decimal to Binary

85 211 119 139 111 48 199 38 221 178

Classes of IPv4 addresses

Class A IP address

Ranging from 1 to 126 First octet define as Network, other three octets as Hosts A total of 16,777,214 unique IP addresses

123.23.41.88
Network Host

Classes of IPv4 addresses

Class B IP address

Ranging from 128 to 191 First two octets define as Network, other two octets as Hosts A total of 65,534 unique IP addresses

133.23.41.88
Network Host

Classes of IPv4 addresses

Class C IP addresses

Ranging from 192 to 223 First three octets define as Network, last octet as Hosts A total of 254 unique IP addresses

196.23.41.88
Network *Class D addresses is for Multicasting *Class E addresses is for Experimental Host

IP Address Classes: The First Octet

IP Address Ranges

* 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 reserved for loopback testing and cannot be assigned to a network

Activity Identify what classes of IP Address

85.62.87.91 211.25.23.78 119.111.10.2 139.3.4.1 111.223.267.10 48.87.69.7 199.114.12.18 38.69.78.92 221.35.36.87 178.88.99.100

Public and Private IP Address

Public IP Address For use on the Internet or other Wide Area Network (WAN) Private IP Address Concerns over the growing shortage of IP Addresses Will not be assigned to any system connected to the global internet or public access Use in Local Area Network (LAN)

Public IP Address

Private IP Address

Class
A B C

Private Address Range

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255

To be able to access the INTERNET

Public IP Address

Translate/ Convert

Private IP Address

Activity Identify what class & type of IP Address

130.3.4.1 192.168.3.6 118.111.10.2 172.31.35.36 110.223.267.10 150.87.69.7 10.9.8.7 40.69.78.92 172.16.8.9 219.88.99.100

IPv6
128-bit address system Hexadecimal, about two to the one-hundred twenty-eighth power of unique addresses
Billions of new internet users & devices New kinds of internet applications Always-on internet, everywhere

Importance of IP Technology to our lives?

Web Tech Innovations that Change our Lives

Web Tech Innovations that Change our Lives

TECHNOLOGY
Hardware Applications Network Sharing (e.g. printer, storage) WiFi (Wireless Fidelity) Video Conferencing Firewall Virtual Private Network Mobile Internet Multicasting (e.g IPTV) Home Automation Software Applications Email Web Browser VoIP Enterprise Software's Chat Internet Applications Social Networking Web Based Email Video Sharing Web Based Dictionary Online Gaming E-Commerce Search Engine

Lifestyle

Work Environment

Business

How can I use the knowlegde I gained in IP?

The Road to Wireless

Mobility Goal Always Best Connected

All

types of wireless network will be deployed around the world Wi-Fi hotspots will proliferate in public places, businesses and homes Innovations in 3G technologies will add groundbreaking data capabilities to mobile handset and handheld PC users First generation WiMAX technology will be broadly deployed to hotspots, as well as cellular and enterprise backhaul

Billions of people worldwide will be communicating over internet

Many people will have access to multiple technologies

Wireless will become standard and broadly adopted by the industry

Evolution + Innovations

Open Mobile Internet

The hottest mobile device design trends, and how these will accommodate users growing mobility requirements New killer applications for both consumer and business customer will be looking for. The major competing technologies WiMAX and LTE will deliver WiMax or LTE soon. The role of WiMAX/ LTE in delivering service in rural and under served locations. How 4G will impact, social networking, content distribution and video capabilities