to bring the basic knowledge of industrial automation systems required before moving on to implementing specialized modules for functions such as communications
B
Duration : 32 min.
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- Operating principles
Operative Part
Reports
Command Part
Sensors
Commands Actuators
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Processing
Operative Part
Sensors Process Actuators
Pre-actuators
Actuators
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PLC configuration
Data declaration
Programming
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Application
running
Settings
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In an automated system:
The Command Part is made up of one or more processing units controlled by a manmachine interface, The Operative Part is made up of one or more processing units controlled by a ManMachine Interface, The Operative Part acts on physical values.
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
A sensor
changes the status of the Operative Part depending on the orders generated by the Command Part, informs the Command Part of the status of the Operative Part, acts on physical values.
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
A pre-actuator
informs the Command Part of the status of the Operative Part acts directly on the process: motor, jack... acts on a power actuator
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
An actuator
measures a physical value: pressure, temperature, motion, generates an electrical signal used to act on the Operative Part, acts directly on the process: motor, jack...
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Quiz Results
{questions} out of {total-questions} were correct Your total is {percent}%
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Supervision PCs, PLCs, printers, modems etc hardened to resist mechanical constraints electro-magnetic interference heat constraints
Operative Part
Sensors Process
Actuators
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- PLC architecture
Processor Digital input interfaces
Main rack
Power supply
Specialized interfaces
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Indicators : OK, RUN, BAT RESET push button Backup battery to save datas/application
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Input interfaces
Internal Bus
External datas
RUN FAULT
Program processing
Output Interfaces
Internal Bus
Output state
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Internal Bus
Adapatation
5V 24 V
Insulation
Limit switches, proximity detectors
3 7 1 9
Encoder wheels, digital sensors
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Adaptation Amplification
24 V 5V
Pre-actuators
Internal Bus
Insulation
Actuators
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Internal Bus
400
Insulation 400
Analog / digital Conversion CAN
4 Volts
40
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Internal Bus
800
8 Volts
80
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- Communication interfaces
Troubleshooting indicators
Drivers + Microprocess. RUN ERR.
Internal Bus
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Internal Bus
RUN ERR.
counting,
Tables of cyclic variables Tables of configuration troubleshooting variables
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The PLC
belongs to the Command Part in an automated system belongs to the Operative Part in an automated system accepts data provided by actuators
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
The processor
provides the electric power required by all of the PLC modules makes it possible to connect sensors and actuators cyclically runs the application program
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Quiz Results
{questions} out of {total-questions} were correct Your total is {percent}%
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Data
3 parts
RAM
that can be battery backed up
Program
Program storage
RAM
backed up or
Constants
EEPROM
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- Data memory
CPU Data memory
Internal variables
4 kinds of variables intended for storing data while variables the application program is running
variables from the various application interfaces : digital, analog or specific variables assigned to the various function blocks: timers, counters, monostables variables used to inform or act on the PLC state
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- Internal variables
French English Syntax Format 1 bit
Bit
Octet Mot Double mot
%M
8 bits 16 bits
32 bits 32 bits
Flottant
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Format
1 bit
Use
Digital sensors, limit sensors
%I
XY.i.r
Digital outputs
Analog inputs
%ID XY.i.r
32 bits
%QD XY.i.r
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Format
Use
%I XY.i.err
%MW XY.i.r
Internal constants
%KW XY.i.r
16 bits
Interface configuration
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%IW XY.i.r
Channel number on the interface Interface position in the rack Rack address
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Use
Preset timer value
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- System variables
Syntax Access
Read only Read and write
Use
time base, status data, PLC operating mode, acts on its I/O fault, data memory backup battery status
Bit
%S
Cold start, hot restart, task enabling-disabling, forcing an output fallback position execution times (average, min. and max values), the number of requests per cycle... Control time/date stamping, configuring the cycle time, saving the data memory...
Word
%SW
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- Numbering systems
Decimal ( 0 to 9)
Example %MW100 = 1547 %MW100 = 1547
man-machine interface
speeds (cycle/mn)
Binary ( 0 and 1)
Example %MW100 = 11000001011 soit %MW100 = 1547 decimal
Digital variables : ON OFF True - False
Hexadecimal ( 0 ; 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6 ; 7 ; 8 ; 9 ; A ; B ; C ; D ; E ; F)
Example %Mw100 = 60B or %MW100= 1547 decimal
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- Program memory
Backed up RAM REPROM
EEPROM
Program memory
Fueling Module Instruction 1 Instruction 2 Clearing Module Instruction 1 Instruction 2 Alarm control Module Instruction 1 Instruction 2
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RUN !!!
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Reading inputs
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The tank is filled by a pump. The pump starts : when low level is detected when watering ends The pump stops when full filling is reached.
Watering
5mn after full filing of the tank, watering starts for 25mn.
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Cold restart
Tank filling
Watering
Hot restart
Fertilizer adjonction
Drying
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Envoyer
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Effacer
Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Value 105A
is a decimal value is a hexadecimal value is a value that corresponds to a byte is a value that corresponds to a word
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Value 5A
equals binary value 0101 1010 equals binary value 0101 0010 equals decimal value 80 equals decimal value 90
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Quiz Results
{questions} out of {total-questions} were correct Your total is {percent}%
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Customized function blocks Structuring, naming, setting initial value of variables Application debugging Generating application files for archiving producing operating screens for monitoring the process
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Declaration
Adress %I1.0 Symbol NIV_High Comment High level detection
IEC Syntax
Structure
Bits
%Ix.y :Digital input (x position of the module in the rack, y position of digital input) %Qx.y : Digital output %Mx : internal Bit (x bit address) %Mx:n Table of n internal bits %MWx:Xy internal word bit (y bit position, x word adress)
Words
%MWx : Internal word (x bit address) %MWx:n Table of n words %MDx : Word of 32 bits %MDx:n Table of n words %MFx (ou %FDx) : Floating word %MFx:n Table of n words %MBx(n) : String of n characters (x : addresse of the character string) %KWx, %KDx, %KFx : Constants
process
Initialization
%MW0 to %MW50 Communication field %MW200 %MW700
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- Program structure
Power break
Module 1 (LD) Module 2 (ST) Basic processing Module 10 (LD) Module 12 (ST) Events processing Module n (LD)
Watering
Module Instruction 1 Instruction 2 Module n (LD)
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- Programming languages
IEC 1131-3
Ladder Littral
FBD List
Grafcet
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Processing
Steps Transitions
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Comments
Program instructions
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
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Introduction to Industrial Automation January 2005
Quiz Results
{questions} out of {total-questions} were correct Your total is {percent}%
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