WELL COME

IN SOCIOLOGY
BY GA

GA 1
TOPIC FOR PRESNTATION

EFFECT OF
CULTURE ON
ILLNESS
GA 2
 Health System
• A set of cultural beliefs and practices;

• the institutional arrangements; and

• the socio-economic, political & physical context

Health system includes environmental

conditions, nutrition, water supply, education,
housing, status of women, social structures,
economic and political system
GA 3
Factors influencing health
service utilization
Socio-demographic factors
•Age/sex of child
•Family size/ equivalence
•Education
•Occupation
GA 4
 Health service factors
•Attitudes of health provider
•Satisfaction with the treatment
•Received medicines from Health
Facility/Health Care Provider
•Received prescription for medicines
to be purchased from bazaar
GA 5
PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE
Focus on Life-styles
Focus on the
Environment
Shift focus from
individuals to populations
PRODUCING Cost-effective health care
HEALTH
Evidence-based decision/
policy

GA
Resources to sector that
6

contribute to health
 Insufficient focus on
Prevention/Promotion
Gender Imbalances
Excessive centralization of
management
GOVT. HEALTH
SERVICES: Political Interference
WEAKNESSES
Lack of sincerity
Weak human resource
development
Lack of integration
Lack of Healthy Public Policy
GA 7
 CULTURE AND ILLNESS

 Culture is a sociological
phenomenon where is basically a
physical, mental or logical ailment.
 If traced, the rote of culture and
also are as deaf as the history of
disease.

GA 8
 Cont…
 Things become quite complicated
when culture begun to over shadow
the already weakly delicate field of
health and sickness negatively many
deep rooted beliefs of culture can
hamper positive development.

GA 9
 CHANGE OF ROLE

 When a person become ill, it not only

upsets him mentally but also leads to
disturbances in the family and other social
relationships.
 An adult person has lone duties and
responsibilities in the family. Sickness
interferes in their fulfillment, particularly if
the sick person has to be admitted in a
hospital for his treatment.
GA 10
 MALE DOMINANCE

 In a our society where make

superiority is a dominating factor,
the culturally nourished pride of
make patients may be heart and it
can be shocking for them when they
find a female doctor challenging
them by prescribing a scientific and
accurate prescription.

GA 11
 Cont…
 Moreover, they are long taken care
of by female nurses and have to
listen to them patiently through out
their stay in the hospital.
 Patient may prefer to cope with
their problem the have way as that
of bears who take cover and do not
die even with no food intake during
that period
GA 12
 ELDERLY PATIENT

 Older patients may, at times, find the

treatment either too challenging or too
improper. They find it difficult to adjust in
hospital. The doctors and nurses may be
considering extra interested. The trained
specialist has their professional
obligations.
 When the old age with the traditionally
clarified image feel & motivated, the
outcome may not be very encouraging. In
other words, that culture honors'.
GA 13
 THE POOR PATIENTS

 The poor or socially degraded

patients have an inborn tendency for
self-priority. As they are denied
respect by the society, they expect
extra are when they are extended a
warm welcome in the hospital.

GA 14
 DOCTOR’S ROLE

 In our society, cultural implications for

doctors in therapy are like a barbed-wire
fence for the soldier.
 He has to cope with many professional
barriers, cultural drawbacks and
individuals’ characteristics before being
able to draw out wounded from the jaws of
illness.
 A doctor should, therefore, be fully
aware of his role in this regard in addition
to this professional competency.
GA 15
 NURSE ROLE

 A good Nurse should know nursing

thoroughly. In a developing country
like Pakistan, responsibilities of a
nurse are greatly enhanced because
she / he has to play an important role
of reforming those people that she
comes across as patients.

GA 16
 Cont…
 Poverty and illiteracy are the tub basic
problems in developing countries. A nurse
should guide the people how they should
have good health, physically mentally, and
socially. She should teach them the
importance of cleanliness a balance diet
and good living condition she should also
give them the concept of vaccination
against many disease also of the family
planning. She can develop in them a
confidence to consult a doctor when ever
GA 17

they are ill.

 RELATIVES

 Frequently, there are problems

about communication because
relatives may not know how much to
discuss with the patient. Discussion
between the patients of his relatives
about the importance aspects of
illness. These things are difficult to
have in a hospital setting.

GA 18
 Cont…
 When a persons falls ill his relatives
show a lot of interest in the
beginning they try to help and
support him in every way than can.
With the passage of time visitors and
phone calls gradually reduce and the
close relatives of the patient are
often left unsupported, just at the
time when difficult decisions have be
made for him. GA 19
 VISITORS

 It can be very tiring for the

patients if they have to talk to the
visitors continuously for a long time.
The visitors often ask a lot of
questions that usually leave a
negative effect as for as the recovery
of the patients is concerned.

GA 20
 Cont…
 Inthe hospital, most ill matched
visitors often arrive together. All
these factors distributed the patients
mentally and emotionally. It is the
responsibilities of the ward
administration to talk care of these
things, which are play a very decisive
role in the recovery of the patients.

GA 21
 PATIENT AT HOME

 The patients retain a grater degree

autonomy and control at home. As a
result, the nursing care becomes more
difficult of home as the patient may be
willing to comply with the treatment
prescribed by the doctor or the advice the
nurse in a home situation.
 Nurses are usually better than relation
at giving all the possible care to the
patients in his home environment.
GA 22
 PROLONGED ILLNESS:

 Prolonged illness in a home setting

often result in isolation of the family as a
whole. As a result of additional difficult of
amusing a lot of visitors, the members of
the family do not give them a warm
welcome either.
 Direct patient care may be secondary
importance where a person is available
who could take care, it helps and support
of a nurse is made available.
GA 23
 CULTURAL INFLUENCED ON HEALTH
CARE

 Cultural beliefs and practices are an

important part of data gathering in the
nursing assessment.
 Nurses continuously encounter belief
and practices that may facilitate or unpaid
nursing intervention, including attitudes
towards family planning, food, via, and
yolk ways that are firmly fixed in the
culture the language of the patient may be
different from that of the larger culture.
GA 24