EXTERNAL GUIDE Mr.Varaprasad Rao.A NAL,Banglore-17 Presentation By: Santosh.K (1DB09EE404) Sanketh.M.S (1DB08EE034) Siddalingesh.G.A (1DB09EE406) Channabasavaiah.M.S (1DB09EE400)
INTRODUCTON:
Early electrical substations required manual switching or adjustment of equipment, and manual collection of data for load, energy consumption, and abnormal events. As the complexity of distribution networks grew, it became economically high. To overcome the above difficulties we using supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) for automatic monitoring and controlling of substation. SCADA usually refers to centralized system which monitor and control entire substation. Control actions are performed automatically by PLC(programmable logic controller). While the SCADA system monitors overall performance. Using SCADA in substation detection of fault is fast, accurate in operation, compactness, simplicity in circuit.
A:Primary power lines' side B:Secondary power lines' side 1.Primary power lines 2.Ground wire 3.Overhead lines 4.Transformer for measurement of electric voltage 5.Disconnect switch 6.Circuit breaker 7.Current transformer 8.Lightning arrester 9.Main transformer 10.Control building 11.Security fence 12.Secondary power lines
BLOCK DIAGRAM
SCADA
ETHERNET
CONVERTER
CONVERTER
PLC
Control devices
Data storage
PLC Origin
- Developed to replace relays in the late 1960s - Costs dropped and became popular by 1980s - Now used in many industrial designs
Advantages of PLCs
Less wiring. Wiring between devices and relay contacts are done in the PLC program. Easier and faster to make changes. Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime. Reliable components make these likely to operate for years before failure.
From SENSORS
Pushbuttons, contacts, limit switches, etc.
I M N O P D U U T L E
PROCESSOR
O U T P U T
M O D U L E
To OUTPUT
Solenoids, contactors, alarms etc.
PROGRAMMING DEVICE
OUTPUTS
INPUTS
MOTOR
CONTACTOR LAMP
PUSHBUTTONS
PLC
CONTACTOR
L2
L1
L2 L1 FIELD WIRING
L1
O:4
L2
CONTACTOR
LADDER PROGRAM
10
APPLICATIONS: Circuit breakers and Isolators Transformer cooling Multiple fault detection Switching operation Measurement and data storage
ADVANTAGES System is more efficient and reliable Higher accuracy can be achieved It reduces time delay Monitoring and storage of data Replacing human operators in tasks that involve hard physical or dangerous work
CONCLUSION
Microprocessor based multi-functional numerical relays provide reliable solution to complex protection functions with increased Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF). These relays play a significant role in automation, protection and control of transmission equipment in substation. Numerical relays have limited control applications. Therefore, in order to operate these relays remotely, a SCADA system using MODBUS communication has been designed and developed. Numerous numbers of relays have been installed at a fully loaded substation. Different performance parameters are evaluated and circuit breaker operations have been Monitored.
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