Steam Power Plant Lab 1

Study of Power Plant & its components

Definition Flow Diagram Typical Power Plant Output Classifications Main Components of a Power Plant

Definition
A complex of structures, machinery and associated equipment for generating electric energy from another source of energy.

Or A power station (also referred to as a generating station, power plant, or powerhouse) is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power.

Typical Power Plant Output

The power generated by a power station is measured in multiples of the

Watt, typically Mega Watt (106 watts) or giga Watt (109 watts). Power stations vary greatly in capacity depending on the type of power plant and on economic factors.

Boilers
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications. Boiler fittings and accessories Safety valve Water Level Indicators Bottom Blowdown Valves Circulating Pump Feed water Check Valve( A nonreturn stop valve in the feedwater)

Top Feed Desuperheater Chemical Injection Line(control feed water PH)

Boiler Configurations
Boilers can be classified into following configurations
Pot boiler or Haycock boiler

Fire Tube Boiler low rate of steam production, high steam storage capacity.

Water Tube Boiler

Condenser
In systems involving heat transfer, a condenser is a device or unit used to condense a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state, typically by cooling it. In so doing, the latent heat is given up by the substance, and will transfer to the condenser coolant. Condensers are typically heat exchangers which have various designs and come in many sizes ranging from rather small (hand-held) to very large industrial-scale units used in plant processes. For example, a refrigerator uses a condenser to get rid of heat extracted from the interior of the unit to the outside air. Condensers are used in air conditioning, industrial chemical processes such as distillation, steam power plants and other heat-exchange systems. Use of cooling water or surrounding air as the coolant is common in many condensers.

Turbine
A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The simplest turbines have one moving part, a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades, or the blades react to the flow, so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor. Early turbine examples are windmills and water wheels.

Theory of Operation:
A working fluid contains potential energy (pressure head) and kinetic energy (velocity head). The fluid may be compressible or incompressible. Several physical principles are employed by turbines to collect this energy:

Impulse & Reaction Turbines ???? Homework

Difference between Motors & Generators

Working Principle of Dynamometer

A dynamometer or "dyno" for short, is a device for measuring force, moment of force (torque), or power. For example, the power produced by an engine, motor or other rotating prime mover can be calculated by simultaneously measuring torque and rotational speed (RPM).

Cooling Tower
Cooling towers are heat removal devices used to transfer process waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or rely solely on air to cool the working fluid to near the dry-bulb air temperature. Common applications include cooling the circulating water used in oil refineries, chemical plants, power stations and building cooling.

Real Time Demonstration of Steam Power Plant in Thermodynamics Lab

Divide Yourself into Groups According to Serial Number of Attendance Sheet