PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTIC OF

DIESEL ENGINE

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the following performance parameters at
constant speed engine operation:
Brake power (BP)
Brake specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC)

Air Fuel Ratio (A/F)

Thermal Efficiency(th)

To test the main performance characteristics of

4-Stroke single cylinder Kiloskar engine
4-Stroke 4- cylinder diesel Ambassador engine .

LAYOUT OF SINGLE
CYLINDER ENGINE

LAYOUT OF FOUR CYLINDER ENGINE

SPECIFICATION: Single Cylinder Engine

Model

KIRLOSKER

Number of Cylinders

Layout

4-S water cooled

Max power

3.5 kw at 1500rpm

Displacement

661 cc

Bore

87.5 mm

Stroke

110 mm

Compression ratio

17.5:1

SPECIFICATION: Multi Cylinder Engine

Model

: Ambassador Classic 2000 DSZ

Number of Cylinder

:4 Cylinder

Valve Mechanism

:OHC

Displacement

:1995 CC

Max. Torque

:106 Nm @ 2200 rpm

Max. Power

:52 PS @ 4200 rpm

Bore

:84 mm

Stroke

:90 mm

Compression Ratio

:21:1

OBSERVATIONS: Single Cylinder engine

Current(Am Manometer
S .NO. Speed(RPM) Voltage(volt) pere)
deflection
1

1450

292

1450

264

2.5

1450

259

1450

261

11

1450

262

13

Continued:
Exhaust
Brake
actual
fuel
temperatu Power(watt power(VxI consumpti bsfc(kg/kwre( celcius)
)
) on(Kg/hr) hr)
178

234

1200

660

0.5876

0.89

288

2000

1295

0.724

0.559

368

3000

2871

0.9563

0.333

465

3800

3406

1.3

0.3816

-1500

Mass flow rate

A/F ratio

Thermal Efficiency(%)

26.355

26.355

44.85

8.4

26.355

36.39

14.97

26.355

23.55

25.13

26.355

20.27

21.93

0.9

660, 0.89

bsfc vs bp for diesel engine

0.8
b
s
f
c

0.7

0.6
1295, 0.559

k
g
/
h
r
k
w

0.5

0.4

3406, 0.3816
2871, 0.333

0.3

)
0.2

0.1

0
-2000

-1000

1000
power(watt)

2000

3000

4000

fuel consumption vs power

for diesel engine
1.4
3406, 1.3

1.2

2871, 0.9563

0.8

1295, 0.724

fuel consumption
(Kg/hr-watt)

660, 0.5876
0.6

0.4

0.2
-1500, 0
0
-2000

-1000

1000
power(watt)

2000

3000

4000

A/F ratio vs brake power

50

45

40

35

30

A/F 25

20

15

10

0
0

500

1000

1500

2000
brake power

2500

3000

3500

4000

efficiency vs brake power

30

25

20

efficiency 15

10

0
0

500

1000

1500

2000
brake power

2500

3000

3500

4000

OBSERVATIONS: Multi Cylinder engine

S.NO. Speed(RPM) Torque(kgf)
1

1600

1.3

Power(Kw)
0.6188
2.523

1600

5.3

5.713

1600

12

9.523

1600

20

13.569

1600

28.5

-5.22

Continued.
time for 10cc

fuel
manometer consumption(
deflection
Kg/hr)

bsfc(kg/kwhr)

29.25

8.5

1.024

0.4798

23.93

1.252

0.1439

18.06

8.2

1.659

0.0842

15.16

1.976

0.0602

8.9

7.3

3.365

0.0719

Mass flow rate of air

A/F ratio

Thermal efficiency
(%)

31.368

30.633

5.06

30.431

24.305

16.87

30.80

18.565

32.83

30.431

15.40

40.35

29.07

8.630

33.81

Sfc vs power for multicylinder engine

0.6

0.5
0.6188, 0.4798

0.4

0.3

sfc(Kg/hr-Kw)

0.2

2.523, 0.1439
0.1
5.713, 0.0842
9.523, 0.0602

13.569, 0.0719

0
-10

-5

5
power(Kw)

10

15

wilian's line for multicylinder diesel emgine

4

3.5
13.569, 3.365

2.5

9.523, 1.976

fuel consumption

5.713, 1.659
1.5
2.523, 1.252
0.6188, 1.024

0.5

-5.22, 0
-10

-5

0
-0.5

power

10

15

A/F ratio vs brake power

35

30

25

20
A/F
15

10

0
0

8
brake power

10

12

14

16

efficiency vs brake power

45

40

35

30

25
efficiency(%)
20

15

10

0
0

8
brake power

10

12

14

16

FORMULA USED:
To determine the engine Torque
For 4 cylinder Engine
T=(weight) (arm length)= mg L
Where the arm length is 0.29 m
Brake power= 2*pi*NT/60000 (Kw) for four cylinder
Brake power= V*I/1000 (Kw) for single cylinder

 Mass flow rate of fuel

= 10ml*density of fuel*10^(-6)/(time)
Brake specific fuel consumption
= mass flow rate of fuel/B.P
A/F= mass flow rate of air/ mass flow rate of
fuel
Thermal efficiency= B.P*100/(mass flow rate
of
fuel* CV)

Conclusion:
As the B.P reached its rated value th become
maximum and bsfc will be less.
Therefore it is not economical to run the engine
beyond its rated limit because the BSFC will increase
and thermal efficiency going decrease.

The Air-Fuel ratio become rich when the BP

increases.