ELECTROMAGNETISM

DEVICE IN WHICH MAGNETISM IS PRODUCED BY AN ELECTRIC CURRENT

TEMPORARY MAGNETIC FIELD

O P

CIRCUIT IS SWITCH ON SOFT-IRON IN THE SOLENOID BECOME ELECTROMAGNET

E1

ATTRACTS THE SOFT-IRON ARMATURE

E2 R

ATTRACTS THE SOFT-IRON ARMATURE

STARTER MOTOR IS SWITCHED ON

VARYING CURRENT PASS THROUGH THE COIL SOFT IRON BECOMES AN ELECTROMAGNET WITH VARYING MAGNETIC FIELD ELECTROMAGNET ATTRACTS THE DIAPHRAGM

E1

B
CONVERTS VARYING ELECTRIC CURRENTS TO SOUND WAVE

DIAPHRAGM VIBRATES AT A FREQUENCY SAME AS E2 FREQUENCY OF THE VARYING CURRENT

E2

SOUND WAVE PRODUCE

O P1

CIRCUIT IS SWITCH ON SOFT-IRON IN THE SOLENOID BECOME ELECTROMAGNET

E1 E2 R

ATTRACTS THE IRON ARMATURE HAMMER HIT THE BELL THE MOVEMENT OF THE ARMATURE BREAKS THE CIRCUIT IRON CORE LOSES ITS MAGNETISM

P2
E3

SUDDEN SURGE IN THE CURRENT IRON IN THE SOLENOID BECOME ELECTROMAGNET

E B

IRON BAR IS ATTRACTED TO ELECTROMAGNET

CIRCUIT BREAKS

KONDUKTOR PEMBAWA ARUS DLM MEDAN MAGNET

FLEMINGS LEFT-HAND RULE

FORCE (F)

MAGNETIC FIELD (M)

CURRENT (C)
F = FARID M = MAKAN C = COK KODOK

O = COOPER ROD
K = SWITCH IS PRESSED
F

A = CURRENT FLOWS
THROUGH THE COOPER ROD

HA = MOVES TO THE
RIGHT

O = COOPER ROD
K = SWITCH IS PRESSED

A = CURRENT FLOWS
THROUGH THE COOPER ROD

HA = MOVES TO THE
LEFT M

MOVES

O = COOPER ROD
P = MAGNETIC FIELD OF
PERMANENT MAGNET INTERACT MAGNETIC FIELD
OF CURRENT-CARRYING COOPER ROD

E = GIVES RISE TO AN
ELASTIC MAGNETIC FIELD

R = ROD MOVES

O = COOPER ROD
K = MAGNETIC FIELD OF
PERMANENT MAGNET INTERACT MAGNETIC FIELD
OF CURRENT-CARRYING COOPER ROD MOVE

A = GIVES RISE TO AN
ELASTIC MAGNETIC FIELD

HA = ROD MOVES

DIRECT CURRENT MOTOR

COIL ABCD AT HORIZONTAL POSITION

O COIL A B

K1 A1

THE CURRENT FLOWS FROM A TO B

FORCE ACTING ON THE WIRE COIL AB MOVES DOWNWARDS

O COIL CD K2 THE CURRENT

FLOWS FROM C TO D

A2

FORCE ACTING ON THE WIRE COIL CD MOVES UPWARDS

HACOIL ABCD
AT VERTICAL POSITION

O COIL ABCD AT VERTICAL

POSITION

HACOIL ABCD
AT VERTICAL POSITION

K CARBON BRUSH DIDNT

TOUCH THE SPACE BETWEEN HALVES OF COMMUTATOR

A CUTTING OFF THE

CURRENT

HA CONTINUE
ROTATE BECAUSE OF INERTIA

P
E R1 R2

O P E

MAGNET PUSH INTO SOLENOID MAGNETIC FLUX OF MAGNET IS CUT INDUCED CURRENT PRODUCED

O P E R

MAGNET STATIONARY INSIDE SOLENOID

NO MAGNETIC FLUX
OF MAGNET IS CUT

NO INDUCED
CURRENTPRODUCED

O P

MAGNET PULL OUT OF THE SOLENOID MAGNETIC FLUX OF MAGNET IS CUT INDUCED CURRENT FLOWS IN OPPOSITE DIRECTION

E R

O P E R

Ns

NUMBER OF TURNS IN SECONDARY Np

NUMBER OF TURNS IN PRIMARY