SISTEM INTEGUMEN
Yunita Sari Jurusan Keperawatan, FKIK UNSOED
Kulit
Organ eksternal yang paling besar
Area luas kulit sekitar 2 m2, berat 4.5 Kg Barrier antara organ internal dan lingkungan eksternal
Lapisan kulit
Lapisan utama kulit 1.Epidermis 2.Dermis 3.Hypodermis
Epidermis
Tidak mengandung pembuluh darah
Lebih tebal di telapak kaki dan telapak tangan Sel-sel utama yang ada dilapisan ini : Keratinosit Melanosit Sel Langerhans Sel Merkel Fungsi : - Barrier proteksi dari UV, water loss - Sintesis vitamin D
- Pigmentasi
Lapisan epidermis
Stratum Corneoum - Relatif tebal karena banyak mengandung sel2 yang mati - Mudah abrasi dan diganti dengan sel yang baru - pH 4-6.5
Stratum Lusidum
- Lapisan yang transparan - Melindungi dari UV - Hanya ada di telapak tangan dan kaki Stratum Granulosum Stratum Spinosum Stratum Basale Lapisan terbawah Keratinocyte berasal dari lapisan ini
Gambar penampang Kulit dengan pewarnaan Hematoxillin & Eosin Pink ~ Cytoplasm, Collagen Blue ~ Nucleus, sel-sel inflamasi
Winter (Nature; 1962) Formation of the scab and the rate of epithelialization of superficial wounds in the skin of the young domestic pig.
Dermis
Protein mayor : Collagen dan elastin.
Sel utama : Fibroblast Fungsi : - Mensuport epidermis, dan lapisan kulit dibawahnya - Kekuatan mekanis - Mensuplai nutrisi dan oksigen - Retensi kelembapan
Gambar penampang Kulit dengan pewarnaan Hematoxillin & Eosin Pink ~ Cytoplasm, Collagen Blue ~ Nucleus, sel-sel inflamasi
Hypodermis/Subcutaneous tissue
Terutama terdiri dari jaringan ikat Mengandung pembuluh darah utama,
Hypodermis/Subcutaneous tissue
Skin Engineering
Tissue-engineered skin exists as cells grown in vitro and subsequently seeded onto a scaffold or some porous material which is then placed in vivo at the site of injury.
Process
1. Patient has a skin biopsy 2. The skin is then peeled and separated into the epidermis and dermis. 3. Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts are then isolated from one another. 4. Transferred into a culture on top of a scaffold. 5. The final skin is finished after about 3 to 4 weeks.
IntegraTM
Most well known design of skin engineering. Consists of two layers: Bottom layer of collagen fibers that create the basis of a scaffold for the dermal cells Top layer of a protective film that can be removed once the dermal layer has been established. Does not provide any assistance to epidermal cell rejuvenation.