Nama : Prahasti Cynthia Hardiyanti

NIM :4301412059
Rombel : 1

1. Bagi asam-asam kuat ( a = 1), maka menyatakan nilai pH larutannya dapat dihitung
langsung dari konsentrasi asamnya (dengan melihat valensinya).
Contoh asam kuat :
HCl(aq) H
+
(aq) + Cl
-
(aq)
[H
+
] = [HCl]
= 1 x [HCl]
H
2
SO
4
(aq) 2 H
+
(aq) + SO
4
2-
(aq)
[H
+
] = 2[H
2
SO
4
]
= 2 x [H
2
SO
4
]
Kesimpulannya rumus pH asam kuat adalah
[H
+
] = valensi x M
a
pH = - log [H
+
]
2. Bagi basa kuat, karena = 1, maka konsentrasi [OH
-
] dapat dihitung dari konsntrasi
basa kuat tersebut.
Contoh basa kuat:
KOH
KOH dalam air:
KOH K
+
+ OH
-

[OH
-
] = 1 x [KOH]
Ca(OH)
2

Ca(OH)
2
Ca
2+
+ 2OH
-

[OH
-
] = 2 x [Ca(OH)
2
]
Kesimpulan : rumus pH untuk basa kuat adalah dicari pOH-nya dahulu

pOH = - log [OH
-
]
[OH
-
] = n x [basa] note: n = valensi basa/koefisien OH
-
3. pH weak acid
HZ + H
2
O H
3
O
+
+ Z
-

m M 0 0
r x x x
s M-x x x
Ka =

, karena x terlalu kecil maka diabaikan

=

Ka =

[H
+
]
2
= Ka. M
[H
+
] =
pH = - log [H
+
]
4. Untuk basa lemah
Contoh : NH
4
OH
NH
4
OH
(aq)
NH
4
+
(aq)
+ OH
-
(aq)

m M 0 0
r -x +x +x
s M-x x x

5. Turunkan rumus pH secara prosedural dari garam LK
[OH
-
] = N .
= N .

= N .

= N .

6. Garam Basa kuat-Asam lemah = NaCN
Na
+
+ H
2
O
CN
-
+ H
2
O HCN + OH
-
K =

Kh =

[OH
-
] =

7. pH basa lemah dan asam lemah
misal : NH4CN
NH4CN NH4+ + CN-
pH = Ka x Kh dengan Kh =

= Ka x

8. Buffer asam
Ex : CH
3
COOH dengan garamnya CH
3
COO
-
CH
3
COOH + H
2
O CH
3
COO
-
+ H
3
O
+
K =

Ka =

= Ka.

= Ka.

9. NH
4
OH + H
2
O NH
4
+
+ OH
-

a.

b. Given : 100 ml HCl 10
-8
M
Asked : pH..?
Answer: in water HCl ionized to:
HCl -> H
+
+ Cl
-

It has [H
+
] as much as its concentration = 10
-8
Also water is containing H
+
and OH
-

H
2
O -> H
+
+ OH
-

Then water has H
+
concentration is it has value 10
-7
so the sum
of H
+
concentration is:
[H
+
]total = [H
+
]from HCl + [H
+
] from water
[H
+
]total = 0,1x10
-7
+ 1x10
-7

[H
+
]total = 1,1x10
-7

pH=-log[H
+
]
pH = -log[1,1x10
-7
]
pH= 7-log1,1
pH= 6,959




c. Given : 100 ml 0,1 M NaOH
Asked : pH?
Answer : NaOH Na
+
+ OH
-

[OH
-
] = N . = 1
[OH
-
] = 0,1 . 1
[OH
-
] = 0,1
[OH
-
] = 10
-1
M
pOH = - log [OH
-
]
pOH = - log 10
-1

pH = 13
d.

e. 100 ml 0,01 M NH4OH ,

f. 100 ml 0,01 M NH4Cl
[OH
-
] = N x

= 0,032
= 10
-3
x 0,032 M
= 3,2 x 10
-4
M
pOH = 4 log 3,2
= 4 0,51
= 3,49
pH = 14 pOH
= 14 3,49
= 10,51
g. Given : [C

] = 0.01
Volume of C

= 100 ml
Question : pH
Answer : C

+ Na
+

Na
+
+ H
2
O
C

-
+ H
2
O C

+ OH
-
[C

] = 0.01 M

Ka = 10
-5
[OH
-
] =

= 0,316 x 10
-5
pOH = 5 - Log 0,316
pH = 14 (5 - Log 0,316)
= 9 + Log 0,316
= 8,49969
h. 100 ml 0,1 M NaOH + 100 ml 0,1 M HCl
pH = 7 (asam kuat dan basa kuat)

i. Given : 100 ml 0,1 M NaOH + 50 ml 0,3 M HCl
Asked : pH of the mixture
Answer :
Mol of NaOH = M x V
= 0,1 x 100
= 10 mmol
Mol of HCl = M x V
= 0,3 x 50
= 15 mmol
Reaction equation
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H
2
O
Before 10 mmol 15 mmol
React 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol
After reaction - 5 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol
[H
+
] =


= 0,033 M
pH = - log [H
+
]
= - log [0,033 M]
= 1,481
j. Given : 100 ml 0,2 M NaOH
50 ml 0,3 M HCl
Asked : pH?
Answer : NaOH + HCl NaCl + H
2
O
M 20 mmol 15 mmol 0 0
R 15 mmol 15 mmol 15 mmol 15 mmol
S 5 mmol 0 15 mmol 15 mmol
[OH
-
] =


= 0,033 M
pOH = - log [OH
-
]
= - log [0,033 M]
= 1,481
pH = 14 pOH
= 14 - 1,481
= 12,519
k. 100 ml 0,1 M NaOH + 100 ml 0,1 M Hast
NaOH + CH
3
COOH CH
3
COONa + H
2
O
m 10 mmol 10 mmol 0 0
r 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol
s 0 0 10 mmol 10 mmol

)







l. 100 mL 0,1 M NH
4
OH + 100 mL 0,1 HCl, tentukan pH jika Kb NH
4
OH=10
-5

n NH
4
OH = M . V
= 0,1 M . 100 mL
= 10 mmol
n HCl = M . V
= 0,1 M . 100 mL
= 10 mmol
NH
4
OH
(aq)
+ HCl
(aq)
NH
4
Cl
(aq)
+ H
2
O
(aq)

m 10 mmol 10 mmol 0 0
r 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol
s 0 0 10 mmol 10 mmol
N NH
4
Cl =

=



= 5 . 10
-2
[OH
-
] = N . =

= 1,41 . 10
-4

[OH
-
] = 5 . 10
-2
. 1,41 . 10
-4
= 7,05 . 10
-6
pOH = - log [OH
-
]
= - log [7,05 . 10
-6
]
= 6 log 7,05
= 6 0,84
= 5,16
pH = 14 pOH
= 14 5,16
= 8,84

m. 100 ml 0,1 M NH
4
OH + 100 ml 0,1 M HCl
Kb = 10
-5

n NH
4
OH = M x V
= 0,1 x 100
= 10 mmol
N HCl = M x V
= 0,1 x 100
= 10 mmol

NH
4
OH + HCl NH
4
Cl + H
2
O
b: 10 10 - -
r: 10 10 10 10
a: - - 10 10

NH
4
+
+ H
2
O NH
4
OH + H
+
Cl
-
+ H
2
O
[G] =

= 0,05 M
[H
+
] =

= 7,07 x 10
-6

pH = 6 log 7,07
= 5,15
n. 100 ml 0,4 M NH4OH + 100 ml 0,1 M HCl
mol NH4OH = 0,1 L x 0,4 M = 0,04 mol
mol HCl = 0,1 L x 0,1 M = 0,01 mol
volume campuran = 0,1 L + 0,1 L = 0,2 L
NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O
0,04 mol 0,01 mol
0,01 mol 0,01 mol 0,01 mol 0,01 mol
0,03 mol 0 mol 0,01 mol 0,01 mol
M NH4OH = 0,03 mol = 0,15 M
0,2 L
M NH4Cl = 0,01 mol = 0,05 M
0,2 L



[H+] = - log Kb x Mb
Mg
= - log 10
-5
x 0,15
0,05
= - log 3 x 10
-5

= 5 log 3
= 5 0,477
= 4,523
o. 100 ml 0,1 M NH4OH + 100 ml 0,4 M HCl
NH
4
OH + HCl NH
4
Cl + H
2
O
M 10mmol 40mmol 0 0
R 10mmol 10mmol 10mmol 10mmol
S 0 30mmol 10mmol 10mmol
Asam
[H
+
] = N.

= x.Ma.
= 1.(30/(100+100)).1
= 30/200
= 1,5. 10
-1
pH = 1 - log 1,5
= 1-0,176
= 0,824

p. mol NaOH = 0,1 L x 0,5 M = 0,05 mol
mol CH
3
COOH = 0,1 L x 0,1 M = 0,01 mol
NaOH + CH
3
COOH CH
3
COONa + H
2
O
M 0,05 mol 0,01 mol 0 0
R -0,01 mol -0,01 mol +0,01 mol +0,01 mol
S 0,04 mol 0 mol 0,01 mol 0,01 mol





= 0,2 M

( )

pOH = - log

= 1 log 2
= 0,699
pH = 14 (0,699)
= 13,301

q. mol NaOH = 0,1 L x 0,1 M = 0,01 mol
mol CH
3
COOH = 0,05 L x 0,8 M = 0,04 mol
NaOH + CH
3
COOH CH
3
COONa + H
2
O
M 0,01 mol 0,04 mol 0 0
R -0,01 mol -0,01 mol +0,01 mol +0,01 mol
S 0 mol 0,03 mol 0,01 mol 0,01 mol


[H
+
] = Ka x
CH3COOH
NaCH3COO

= 10
-5
x

= 3 x 10
-5
pH = - log [H
+
]
= - log (3 x 10
-5
)


= 5 - log 3
pH = 4,522

r. 100 ml 0,1 M As asetat + 100 ml 0,2 M Na Ast
mol of CH
3
COOH = 0.1M X 100 ml = 10 mmol = 0.01 mol
mol of NaCH
3
COO = 0.2M X 100ml = 20 mmol = 0.02 mol
Kb = 10
-5

[OH
-
] = Kb x
CH3COOH
NaCH3COO

= 10
-5
x

= 5 x 10
-6
pOH = - log [OH
-
]
= - log 5 x 10
-6

= 6 - log 5
pH = 14 - pOH
= 14 (6-log 5)
= 8 + log 5

s. Given : mol HCN = 100 ml X 0.2 M = 10 mmol
mol NaOH = 100 ml x 0,1 M= 20 mmol
Ka= 10
-9

Question = pH??
Answer :
HCN + NaOH NaCN + H
2
O
M 20 mmol 10 mmol - -
R 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol 10 mmol
S 10 mmol - 10 mmol 10 mmol

[H
+
] = Ka.

+ 10
-7

= 10
-9
.


+ 10
-7

= 0,01 x 10
-7
+10
-7

= 1,01 x 10
-7

pH = - log 1,01 x 10
-7
= 7- log 1.01
= 6,995