TUGAS TERSTRUKTUR

PANGAN FUNGSIONAL
POTENSI BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PROBIOTIK INDIGENUS SEBAGAI
ANTIDIARE DAN IMUNOMODULATOR
Disusun Oleh :
Antonius Cahyo Novianto A1M011044
Fauziyah Nabilah A1M011047
Azam Wijiono A1M011056
Amilla Rifqiana A1M011066
KEMENTERIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN
UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN
FAKULTAS PERTANIAN
JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN
PROGRAM STUDI ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI PANGAN
PURWOKERTO
2!"
BAB I
PENDA#ULUAN
A !ata" b#la$an%
&ia"# a$ut m#"u'a$an '#ny#bab utama $#matian bayi (i n#%a"a)n#%a"a
b#"$#mban%* t#"masu$ +n(on#sia &i +n(on#sia* (ia"# masih m#nja(i masalah
$#s#hatan (an '#nya$it ini (a'at t#"ja(i 'a(a s#mua %olon%an usia &ia"# (an
%ast"o#nt#"itis $a"#na inf#$si t#"t#ntu m#nja(i u"utan '#"tama '#ny#bab "a,at ina' (i
"umah sa$it (i +n(on#sia* bah$an 'a(a tahun -006 '#nya$it ini m#n#m'ati u"utan $#)
. '#nya$it utama '#ny#bab $#matian (i "umah sa$it (i +n(on#sia* s#t#lah stroke (an
'#"(a"ahan int"a$"anial /Anonim* -0001
2alah satu '#ny#bab (ia"# a(alah inf#$si ba$t#"i 'ato%#n (i salu"an
'#n3#"naan 4#b#"a'a ba$t#"i 'ato%#n '#ny#bab (ia"# yaitu Escherichia coli*
Shigella s'* Salmonella s'* (an Helicobacter pylori &ia"# (i(#finisi$an s#ba%ai
buan% ai" b#sa" b#"sama f#s#s yan% ti(a$ b#"b#ntu$ atau 3ai" (#n%an f"#$u#nsi l#bih
(a"i . $ali s#lama -4 jam 5#ny#bab (ia"# t#"b#sa" a(alah $a"#na inf#$si (an
into$si$asi /poisoning1 W67 m#nyata$an a(a s#$ita" 4 milya" $asus (ia"# inf#$si
s#tia' tahun (#n%an tin%$at mo"talitas .)4 juta '#" tahun /8#in et al., -0041
M#nu"ut Full#" /19091* '"obioti$ m#"u'a$an mi$"oo"%anism# hi(u' yan% (a'at
(imanfaat$an untu$ $#s#imban%an 'o'ulasi mi$"oba (alam usus 5#n#litian 'a"a ahli
t#lah m#mbu$ti$an bah,a s#3a"a in vitro ba$t#"i '"obioti$ %alu" Lactobacillus (an
Bifidodobacteria (a'at m#n%hambat '#n#m'#lan (an invasi ba$t#"i #nt#"o'ato%#n
'#ny#bab (ia"# /4ou"liou: et al.* -00.; +shibashi* <amaza$i* -0011 4#b#"a'a
'#n#liti ju%a m#la'o"$an bah,a m#n%onsumsi ba$t#"i asam la$tat /4A!1 %olon%an
Lactobacillus mam'u m#nin%$at$an sist#m imun s#lul#" (an humo"al (i anta"anya
'#nin%$atan 'o'ulasi (an '"olif#"asi s#l limfosit* '"o(u$si sito$in int#"f#"on)= /+FN)
=1* int#"l#u$in)1- /+!)1-1* +!)10* s#l imun >h* s#"ta immuno%lobulin /+%1 A* +%?*
+%@* (an +%M /@a3$o,s$a et al.* -006; (an Aattou"i et al.* -00-1
A"i#f et al /-0001 t#lah b#"hasil m#n%isolasi 10 4A! in(i%#nus (a"i (a%in%
sa'i yan% b#"asal (a"i b#b#"a'a 'asa" t"a(isional (i (a#"ah 4o%o" A#)10 4A!
t#"s#but m#mili$i $a"a$t#"isti$ s#ba%ai ba$t#"i '"obioti$ (an m#n%hasil$an s#nya,a
antimi$"oba yan% m#n%hambat '#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i Enteropathogenic Escherichia
coli /?5?C1, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli /?>?C1, Staphylococcus aureus, (an
Salmonella >y'himu"ium. 4#"(asa"$an hasil i(#ntifi$asi (i$#tahui bah,a L.
plantarum -C1- (an L. fermentum -44 m#mili$i '#n%hambatan t#"bai$ t#"ha(a'
?5?C Namun (#mi$ian* sifat fun%sional lainnya b#lum (it#liti* t#"utama sifat
fun%sionalnya s#ba%ai '#n3#%ah (ia"# a$ibat inf#$si ?5?C 4#"(asa"$an b#b#"a'a
fa$ta yan% t#lah (is#but$an (i atas* (alam '#n#litian ini (i$aji l#bih lanjut m#n%#nai
'ot#nsi 4A!* t#"utama L. plantarum -C1- (an L. fermentum -44* s#ba%ai anti(ia"#
(an imunomo(ulato"
5#n#litian ini (ila$u$an s#3a"a in vivo m#n%%una$an ti$us '#"3obaan
6i'ot#sis (a"i '#n#litian ini a(alah 4A! L. plantarum -C1- (an L. fermentum -44
m#mili$i $a"a$t#"isti$ s#ba%ai ba$t#"i '"obioti$ (an m#n%hasil$an s#nya,a
antimi$"oba yan% s#3a"a in vitro m#n%hambat '#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i ?5?C
4 >ujuan
M#n%#tahui s#3a"a in vivo bah,a 4A! L. plantarum -C1- (an L. fermentum
-44 (a'at m#n3#%ah (ia"# yan% (ia$ibat$an ol#h ?5?C
M#n%#tahui '#n%a"uh '#mb#"ian 4A! L. plantarum -C1- (an L. fermentum
-44 t#"ha(a' status imun ti$us yan% (ib#"i ?5?C* yan% (ilihat (a"i '"ofil jumlah s#l
limfosit o"%an lim'a (an $a(a" malonal(#hi(a /M&A1 o"%an hati (an %injal ti$us
'#"3obaan.
BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
&ia"# /atau (alam bahasa $asa" (is#but m#n3#"#t1 /4M B (ia"#a; +n%%"is B
(ia""h#a1 a(alah s#buah '#nya$it (i mana tinja atau f#s#s b#"ubah m#nja(i l#mb#$
atau 3ai" yan% biasanya t#"ja(i 'alin% s#(i$it ti%a $ali (alam -4 jam &i n#%a"a
b#"$#mban%* (ia"# a(alah '#ny#bab $#matian 'alin% umum $#matian balita* (an ju%a
m#mbunuh l#bih (a"i -*6 juta o"an% s#tia' tahunnya
Aon(isi ini (a'at m#"u'a$an %#jala (a"i lu$a* '#nya$it* al#"%i /f"u$tosa*
la$tosa1 $#l#bihan vitamin C* (an m#n%onsumsi buah)buahan t#"t#ntu 4iasanya
(is#"tai sa$it '#"ut (an s#"in%$ali mual (anmuntah A(a b#b#"a'a $on(isi lain yan%
m#libat$an ta'i ti(a$ s#mua %#jala (ia"#* (an (#finisi "#smi m#(is (a"i (ia"#
a(alah (#f#$asi yan% m#l#bihi -00 %"am '#" ha"i
6al ini t#"ja(i $#ti$a 3ai"an yan% ti(a$ m#n3u$u'i (is#"a' ol#h usus b#sa"
2#ba%ai ba%ian (a"i '"os#s(i%#stasi* atau $a"#na masu$an 3ai"an* ma$anan t#"3am'u"
(#n%an s#jumlah b#sa" ai" 7l#h $a"#na itu ma$anan yan% (i3#"na t#"(i"i (a"i 3ai"an
s#b#lum m#n3a'ai usus b#sa" Csus b#sa" m#ny#"a' ai"* m#nin%%al$an mat#"ial yan%
lain s#ba%ai $oto"an yan% s#t#n%ah 'a(at 4ila usus b#sa" "usa$ D "a(an%* '#ny#"a'an
ti(a$ t#"ja(i (an hasilnya a(alah $oto"an yan% b#"ai"
M#nu"ut (ata 4a(an A#s#hatan &unia /W67* -0051* (ia"# a(alah '#ny#bab
nomo" #m'at $#matian (a"i s#lu"uh '#nya$it (i s#lu"uh (unia &i +n(on#sia* (ia"#
a(alah '#mbunuh balita nomo" (ua s#t#lah +25A /+nf#$si 2alu"an 5#"na'asan A$ut1
?s3h#"i3hia 3oli m#"u'a$an ba$t#"i yan% 'alin% banya$ (it#mu$an s#ba%ai ba$t#"i
'#ny#bab (ia"# 4u(ia"ti /19971 m#nyata$an ?nt#"o'ato%#ni$ ?s3h#"i3hia 3oli
/?5?C1 m#"u'a$an salah satu '#ny#bab utama (ia"# 'a(a ana$)ana$ (i +n(on#sia
(#n%an '"#val#nsi 55E (a"i jumlah ana$ '#n(#"ita (ia"#
4a$t#"i asam la$tat /4A!1 a(alah $#lom'o$ ba$t#"i %"am)'ositif yan% ti(a$
m#mb#ntu$ s'o"a (an (a'at m#mf#"m#ntasi$an $a"bohi("at untu$
m#n%hasil$an asam la$tat

4#"(asa"$an ta$sonomi* t#"(a'at s#$ita" -0 %#nus ba$t#"i
yan% t#"masu$ 4A! 4#b#"a'a 4A! yan% s#"in% (i%una$an (alam
'#n%olahan Aerococcus* Bifidobacterium* arnobacterium* Enterococcus* Lactobacil
lus* Lactococcus* Leuconostoc*!enococcus* "ediococcus* Streptococcus* #etragenoc
occus* Fa%o3o33us* (an $eissella

Contoh '"o(u$ ma$anan yan% (ibuat
m#n%%una$an bantuan 4A! a(alah yo%u"t* $#ju* m#nt#%a* sour cream /susu asam1*
(an '"o(u$ f#"m#ntasi lainnya

&alam '#n%olahan ma$anan* 4A! (a'at m#lin(un%i
(a"i '#n3#ma"an ba$t#"i 'ato%#n* m#nin%$at$an nut"isi* (an b#"'ot#nsi m#mb#"i$an
(am'a 'ositif ba%i $#s#hatan manusia /5#(#"son* 19711
4a$t#"i asam la$tat /4A!1 m#mili$i '#"anan '#ntin% 'a(a $#hi(u'an
manusia* bai$ m#lalui $#t#"libatannya 'a(a f#"m#ntasi ma$anan mau'un
$#mam'uannya tumbuh 'a(a jalu" int#stin 4a$t#"i asam la$tat banya$
(i$#mban%$an untu$ '"obioti$ yaitu $ultu" tun%%al atau 3am'u"an (a"i mi$"obia
hi(u' yan% (ib#"i$an $#'a(a manusia atau h#,an yan% b#"manfaat ba%i $#s#hatan
&#,asa ini (i b#"ba%ai n#%a"a mulai banya$ (i$#mban%$an $ultu" mi$"obia
s#ba%ai '"obioti$ bai$ s#ba%ai '"o(u$ 'an%an mau'un s#ba%ai su'l#m#n (alam
b#ntu$ $ons#nt"at atau $a'sul yan% (a'at m#nin%$at$an $#s#hatan N#%a"a n#%a"a
t#"s#but s#3a"a t#$un (an s#"ius b#"lomba untu$ m#n%isolasi (an m#mat#n$an
isolatnya untu$ tujuan $om#"sial A#%iatan isolast /4A!1 ti(a$ ja"an% hin%%a $#
$a,asan Asia t#"masu$ +n(on#sia
&ilain 'iha$* isolasi (an i(#ntifi$asi 4A! (a"i b#"ba%ai ma$anan t"a(isional
(i b#"ba%ai (a#"ah (i +n(on#sia t#lah lama (ila$u$an >#ta'i s#jauh ini
'#n%#mban%an '"obioti$ (a"i isolat in(i%#nous /(iisolasi (a"i sumb#" lo$al1 masih
san%at t#"batas m#s$i'un nilai $om#"sial (a"i st"ain '"obioti$ tin%%i a'li$asi 4A!
s#ba%ai '"obioti$ yan% m#m'unyai $#mam'uan m#n3#%ah hi'#"$ol#st#"ol#mia
m#"u'a$an salah satu alt#"natif '#n%#mban%an yan% '#"lu (i%ali m#n%in%at tin%%inya
$ol#st#"ol (alam (a"ah* s#"ta m#n3#%ah (ia"#
!a3toba3illus 'lanta"um -C1- (an !a3toba3illus f#"m#ntum -44 m#"u'a$an
(ua j#nis '"obioti$ yan% t#lah (it#mu$an ol#h A"i#f /-0001 (a"i (a%in% sa'i m#ntah
yan% t#"bu$ti b#"sifat s#ba%ai '"obioti$ (an mam'u m#n%hasil$an s#nya,a
antimi$"oba 2#nya,a antimi$"oba yan% (ihasil$an mam'u m#n%hambat
'#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i #nt#"o'ato%#ni$ s#'#"ti ?s3h#"i3hia 3oli #nt#"oto$si%#ni$*
2t"a'hylo3o33us au"#us (an 2almon#lla ty'himu"ium Namun sifat fun%sional
lainnya b#lum (it#liti* $hususnya s#ba%ai '#n3#%ah suatu '#nya$it %ast"o#nt#"itis*
misalnya (ia"# a$ibat inf#$si ?5?C
4#b#"a'a st"ain '"oboiti$ ju%a mam'u b#"sifat ba$t#"isi(al t#"ha(a' ba$t#"i
'ato%#n t#"masu$ ?5?C* yaitu (#n%an 3a"a m#nin%$at$an status imun inan% yan%
m#n%$onsumsinya atau b#"sifat imunomo(ulato" >ujuan (a"i '#n#litian ini a(alah
untu$ m#n%uji $#mam'uan ba$t#"i asam la$tat '"obioti$ in(i%#nus b#"u'a
!a3toba3illus 'lanta"um -C1- (an !a3toba3illus f#"m#ntum -44 s#ba%ai anti(ia"#
'a(a ti$us '#"3obaan yan% (i'a'a" ba$t#"i ?5?C s#"ta m#n%#tahui (am'a$nya
t#"ha(a' status h#matolo%i /#"it"osit* h#mato$"it* h#mo%lobin* t"ombosit* (an
l#u$osit1
5#nambahan '"obioti$ 4A! ! 'lanta"um -C1- atau ! f#"m#ntum -44 'a(a
ti$us yan% (iinf#$si ?5?C mam'u m#m'#"tahan$an jumlah #"it"osit* h#mato$"it* (an
h#mo%lobin ti$us 'a(a jumlah yan% no"mal 4#"(asa"$an '#n#litian ini* '#mb#"ian
4A! ! 'lanta"um -C1- l#bih #f#$tif (alam m#m'#"tahan$an jumlah #"it"osit*
h#mato$"it (an h#mo%lobin ti$us yan% (iinf#$si ?5?C (iban(in%$an '#nambahan
4A! ! f#"m#ntum -44 /Ro3hman (an Fa"(iaz* 19901
BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN
A Alat
1 7v#n
- Spektrofotometer visible /25?C>R7N+C -0&G1
. Mi$"os$o' 3ahaya /7!<M5C2 mo(#l C6-04+MF -001
4 6#masitom#t#" N#ubau"# /4R+@6> !+N?1
4 4ahan
1 >i$us jantan Albino %or&ay 'ats /'attus norvegicus1 %alu" Sprague (a&ley
umu" 5)6 min%%u hasil '#n%#mban%bia$an 4a(an 57M R+
- Ransum ti$us
. 2us'#nsi ?5?C
4 2us'#nsi L plantarum -C1-
5 2us'#nsi L. )ermentum -44
6 >?5 /1*1* .*.)t#t"a#to$si'"o'ana1
7 "hosphat Buffer Saline /5421 '6 7*4 yan% m#n%an(un% 11*5 % AClD!
/(isim'an 'a(a suhu -)5HC1
0 6C! 0*-5 N yan% m#n%an(un% 15E >CA
9 0*.0E >4A
10 0*5E 46>
11 Al$ohol 70E
1- R5M+)1640 st#"il
1. N64Cl 0*05E st#"il
14 5#,a"na tryphan blue
C 5"os#(u" $#"ja
a 5#"la$uan t#"ha(a' h#,an '#"3obaan (an '#n%ambilan sam'#l
>i$us (iba%i (alam 6 $#lom'o$ '#"la$uan />ab#l 11 >i$us (ia"#
(i'#"sia'$an (#n%an 3a"a m#n%inf#$si ti$us (#n%an ba$t#"i ?5?C 2#lama
'#"3obaan* s#mua $#lom'o$ ti$us (ib#"i 'a$an "ansum stan(a"
>ab#l 1 A#lom'o$ '#"la$uan ti$us '#"3obaan
A#lom'o$ >i$us 5#"la$uan
Aont"ol n#%atif >i$us no"mal yan% hanya (ib#"i a$ua(#s
4A! L. plantarum -C1- >i$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. plantarum
-C1-
4A! L. fermentum -44 >i$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. fermentum
-44
4A! L. plantarum -C1- G
?5?C
>i$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. plantarum
-C1-, (is#lin%i inf#$si ?5?C
4A! L. fermentum -44 G
?5?C
>i$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. fermentum
-44* (is#lin%i inf#$si ?5?C
Aont"ol 'ositif >i$us yan% hanya (ib#"i inf#$si ?5?C
5#mb#"ian 4A! (ila$u$an s#lama ti%a min%%u '#nuh* yaitu (a"i ha"i $#)
1 hin%%a $#)-1* s#3a"a o"al m#n%%una$an son(# 4A! yan% (ib#"i$an yaitu !
plantarum -C1- (an ! fermentum -44 s#banya$ 1 ml (#n%an 'o'ulasi
10
0
3fuDml +nf#$si ?5?C (ila$u$an (#n%an 'o'ulasi 10
6
3fuDml s#banya$ 1
ml '#" ha"i s#lama 7 ha"i /ha"i $#)0 sam'ai $#)141* s#3a"a o"al m#n%%una$an
son(#
5#mb#(ahan ti$us untu$ analisis '#ubah yan% (iamati (ila$u$an 'a(a
ha"i $#)7* 14 (an -1 /@amba" 11 7"%an hati (an %injal (iambil untu$
(ianalisis $a(a" malonal(#hi(a /M&A1 s#"ta o"%an lim'a (iambil untu$ (iuji
'"olif#"asi s#l limfositnya
b 5#n%u$u"an bobot (an nilao 5?R /5"ot#in ?ffi3i#n3y Ratio1
4obot ba(an ti$us (itimban% s#tia' ti%a ha"i s#$ali untu$ m#n%#tahui
'#"ubahan bobot ba(an ti$us s#lama '#"la$uan Nilai 5?R (ihitun% (#n%an
'#"samaanI
5?R B A#nai$an b#"at ba(an /%1
Jumlah '"ot#in yan% (i$onsumsi
3 5#n%amatan t#"ja(inya (ia"# 'a(a ti$us t#"inf#$si ?5?C
A#ja(ian (ia"# ti$us '#"3obaan (a'at (iamati (#n%an 3a"a m#n%u$u"
$a(a" ai" f#s#s yan% (i$ol#$si 'a(a ha"i $#)14 (an $#)-1 5#n#ntuan $a(a" ai"
f#s#s m#n%i$uti '"os#(u" analisis $a(a" ai" m#nu"ut A7AC /19091
( Analisis $a(a" malonal(#hi(a hati (an %injal
Aa(a" Malonal(#hi(a /M&A1 o"%an hati (an %injal ti$us '#"3obaan
(iu$u" s#3a"a $uantitatif (#n%an m#to(# #hiobarbituric Acid 'eactivity #est
M#to(# ini (i(asa"$an 'a(a "#a$si anta"a M&A (an >4A />hioba"bitu"i3
A3i(1 (alam suasana asam Aom'l#$s M&A)>4A yan% t#"b#ntu$ m#mili$i
,a"na m#"ah jambu (an abso"bansinya (a'at (iu$u" 'a(a 'anjan% %#lomban%
5.- nm 7"%an hati atau %injal (itimban%* $#mu(ian (itambah$an la"utan 542
(in%in -*5 ml (an (i%#"us 6asil %#"usan $#mu(ian (ivo"t#$s (an (is#nt"ifus
(#n%an $#3#'atan 4000 "'m s#lama 10 m#nit 2u'#"natan s#banya$ 1ml
(itambah 4 ml "#a%#n* $#mu(ian (ivo"t#$s (an (iin$ubasi (alam ,at#" bath
00HC s#lama 60 m#nit 2#t#lah (iin$ubasi* sam'#l (i(in%in$an sam'ai suhu
"uan%* $#mu(ian (is#nt"ifus 4000 "'m s#lama 10 m#nit 5#n%u$u"an
abso"bansi sam'#l (ila$u$an 'a(a K 5.- nm Au"va stan(a" (ibuat (#n%an
m#n%%una$an >?5 /1* 1* .* .)t#t"a#to$si'"o'ana1 yan% (i#n3#"$an m#nja(i
b#b#"a'a s#"i '#n%#n3#"an* $#mu(ian (iu$u" abso"bansinya 'a(a K 5.- nm
# 5#n%amatan jumlah s#l limfosit
7"%an lim'a ti$us '#"3obaan (i3u3i (alam R5M+)1640 st#"il* $#mu(ian
(i'in(ah$an $# (alam 3a,an '#t"i yan% b#"isi . ml R5M+)1640 st#"il !im'a
(i%#"us s#hin%%a (i(a'at s#l limfosit @#"usan (is#nt"ifus (#n%an $#3#'atan
.000 "'m s#lama 10 m#nit 2u'#"natan (ibuan%* s#(an%$an '#l#t s#l (ib#"i -
ml N6
4
Cl 0*05E st#"il s#lama - m#nit (an s#%#"a (itambah$an .ml R5M+)
1640 2us'#nsi $#mbali (is#nt"ifus .000 "'m s#lama 10 m#nit ?n(a'an yan%
m#n%an(un% s#l limfosit $#mu(ian (i3u3i (an (i#n3#"$an (#n%an - ml R5M+)
1640 Jumlah s#l limfosit yan% hi(u' (ihitun% (#n%an h#masitom#t#" (an
'#,a"na tryphan blue 2#l yan% mati a$an b#",a"na bi"u* s#(an%$an s#l
limfosit hi(u' t#"lihat t"ans'a"an
f Ran3an%an '#"3obaan
5#n#litian ini m#n%%una$an Ran3an%an A3a$ !#n%$a'(#n%an mo(#l
mat#mati$a s#ba%ai b#"i$utI
<ij B L G Mi GNj G O ij
A#t#"an%anI
<ij I '#n%a"uh '#"la$uan $#)i (an ulan%an $#)j
L I nilai t#n%ah '#"la$uan
Mi I '#n%a"uh '#"la$uan $#)i
Nj I '#n%a"uh ulan%an $#)j
Oij I %alat '#"la$uan $#)i (an ulan%an $#)j
&ata (ianalisis (#n%an m#n%%una$an AN7FA Ji$a t#"(a'at '#"b#(aan
nyata a$an (iuji lanjut (#n%an uji &un3anMulti'l# Com'a"ison >#st /2t##l
(an >o""i#* 19951
BAB IV
PEMBA#ASAN
B$%$& %'('n &i)us ('n nil'i PER
5#"tumbuhan bobot ba(an ti$us s#lama '#"3obaan (a'at (ilihat 'a(a %"afi$
yan% a(a (i ba,ah ini &a"i %"afi$ ini (a'at (i$#tahui bah,a 'a(a umumnya bobot
ba(an ti$us m#n%alami $#nai$an s#lama '#m#liha"aan A$an t#ta'i* 'a(a ti$us yan%
(ib#"i ?5?C yaitu ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C* 4A! L.
fermentum -44 G ?5?C (an $ont"ol 'ositif* m#n%alami '#nu"unan bobot ba(an s#ja$
ha"i $#)1- hin%%a $#)-1 6al ini (is#bab$an ti$us t#"s#but (i(u%a m#n%alami inf#$si
salu"an '#n3#"naan ol#h ?5?C* s#hin%%a '"os#s '#ny#"a'an zat)zat %izi (i (alam usus
m#nja(i t#"%an%%u
@amba"- 5#"tumbuhan bobot ba(an ti$us s#lama -1 ha"i '#"3obaan
?5?C m#l#$at 'a(a '#"mu$aan mu$osa usus (an m#ny#bab$an t#"ja(inya
'#"ubahan st"u$tu" s#l #'it#l 2#lanjutnya* ?5?C m#la$u$an invasi m#n#mbus s#l
mu$osa s#hin%%a m#ny#bab$an t#"ja(inya i"itasi (an (ia"# a$ut ?5?C (ila'o"$an
s#"in% m#n%inf#$si ana$)ana$ /&o, #t al -0061 5#n3#%ahan (ia"# yan% (is#bab$an
ol#h ?5?C san%at '#ntin% (ila$u$an $a"#na (ia"# a$ut (a'at m#ny#bab$an $#matian
/Nitisin'"as#"t #t al -0061
A(h#si atau '#l#$atan ba$t#"i 'ato%#n 'a(a '#"mu$aan mu$osa m#nja(i taha'
a,al inf#$si salu"an usus 5#l#$atannya 'a(a s#l #'it#lial usus a$an m#n%a$ibat$an
$olonisasi* $#"usa$an s#l* %an%%uan m#$anism# '#n%atu"an s#l* s#"ta '#"tumbuhan
(an '#"$#mban%bia$an int"as#lula" /Co3onni#" et al* 199.1 5#nu"unan bobot ba(an
$#lom'o$ ti$us yan% (ib#"i ?5?C* (i'#"$uat (#n%an nilai 5?R ti$us '#"3obaan
/@amba" .1 Analisis si(i$ "a%am m#nunju$$an bah,a '#"la$uan yan% (ib#"i$an
b#"'#n%a"uh nyata /'P0*051 t#"ha(a' nilai 5?R ti$us '#"3obaan >i$us $#lom'o$
4A! ! f#"m#ntum -44 m#mili$i nilai 5?R yan% 'alin% tin%%i* s#(an%$an ti$us
$#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif m#mili$i nilai 5?R yan% 'alin% "#n(ah Cji lanjut &un3an
m#nunju$$an bah,a nilai 5?R ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! ! f#"m#ntum -44 G ?5?C
ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an nilai 5?R ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! ! 'lanta"um -C1- G
?5?C (an $ont"ol 'ositif* namun b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ ti$us lainnya
Nilai 5?R m#nunju$$an '#n%a"uh '#ny#"a'an '"ot#in yan% (i$onsumsi
t#"ha(a' b#"at ba(an R#n(ahnya nilai 5?R $#lom'o$ ti$us yan% (iinf#$si ?5?C
bu$an (is#bab$an ol#h '#"b#(aan sumb#" '"ot#in 'a(a "ansum* t#ta'i l#bih
(is#bab$an ol#h '#mb#"ian ?5?C M#$anism# a(h#si yan% t#"ja(i 'a(a inf#$si
?5?C m#libat$an %#n ?5?C a(h#"#n3# fa3to" /?AF1 m#lalui 4un(l# Fo"min% 5ili
/4F51 M#$anism# ini m#ny#bab$an '#"ubahan $ons#nt"asi $alsium int"as#lul#" (an
a"sit#$tu" sitos$#l#ton (i ba,ah m#mb"an mi$"ovili* s#hin%%a m#ny#bab$an
t#"ja(inya $#"usa$an mi$"ovili /8#in et al* -0041 &#n%an "usa$nya mi$"ovili*
m#ny#bab$an hilan%nya a"#a '#ny#"a'an zat %izi (i usus halus 7l#h $a"#na itu
'#ny#"a'an zat)zat %izi* t#"masu$ '"ot#in* m#nja(i t#"%an%%u
@amba". Nilai 5?R ti$us '#"3obaan 'a(a b#"ba%ai '#"la$uan Nilai yan% (ii$uti ol#h
hu"uf yan% sama m#nunju$$an ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata /'Q0*051
Ju*l'h sel li*+$si&
!imfosit a(alah s#l (a"ah 'utih /l#u$osit1 yan% b#"u$u"an $#3il* b#"b#ntu$
bulat (#n%an (iam#t#" 7)15 Rm !imfosit m#"u'a$an s#l $un3i (alam '"os#s "#s'on
imun s'#sifi$* untu$ m#n%#nali anti%#n yan% b#"a%am 2#tia' limfosit hanya (a'at
m#n%#nal satu anti%#n s#hin%%a (alam '"os#s "#s'on imun* limfosit salin% b#$#"ja
sama untu$ m#n%#liminasi b#"a%am anti%#n yan% masu$ $# (alam tubuh /Roitt*
19911 2#l limfosit t#"(i"i atas s#l > (an s#l 4 yan% $#(uanya b#"tan%%un% ja,ab
(alam "#s'on imun s'#sifi$ untu$ m#n%#nali anti%#n m#lalui "#s#'to" anti%#n 2#l
limfosit ju%a mam'u m#mb#(a$an anti%#n (#n%an $om'on#n tubuh s#n(i"i atau
b#"fun%si s#ba%ai '#n%ont"ol sist#m imun /4#llanti* 199.1 5"olif#"asi m#"u'a$an
fun%si biolo%is m#n(asa" limfosit* yaitu '"os#s (if#"#nsiasi (an '#mb#lahan
/mitosis1 s#l
!imfosit m#"u'a$an s#l tun%%al yan% b#"tahan bai$ 'a(a saat (i$ultu" (alam
m#(ia s#(#"hana R#s'on '"olif#"asi $ultu" limfosit (i%una$an untu$
m#n%%amba"$an fun%si limfosit (an status imun in(ivi(u />#jasa"i* -0001 Jumlah s#l
limfosit 'a(a ha"i $#)-1 yan% (iisolasi (a"i lim'a ti$us '#"3obaan (a'at (ilihat 'a(a
@amba" 4 Analisis si(i$ "a%am m#nunju$$an bah,a '#"la$uan b#"'#n%a"uh nyata
/'P0*051 t#"ha(a' jumlah s#l limfosit A#lom'o$ ti$us 4A! ! f#"m#ntum -44
m#mili$i jumlah s#l limfosit 'alin% tin%%i* s#(an%$an $#lom'o$ ti$us $ont"ol 'ositif
m#mili$i jumlah s#l limfosit 'alin% "#n(ah Cji lanjut &un3an m#nunju$$an bah,a
jumlah s#l limfosit ti$us $#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$
$ont"ol n#%atif* 4A! ! 'lanta"um -C1-* 4A! ! f#"m#ntum -44* (an 4A! !
f#"m#ntum -44 G ?5?C* namun ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ 4A! !
'lanta"um -C1- G ?5?C
@amba" 4 Jumlah s#l limfosit ti$us '#"3obaan /:10 Dml1 Nilai yan% (ii$uti ol#h
hu"uf yan% sama m#nunju$$an ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata /'Q0*051
A#lom'o$ ti$us yan% (ib#"i ! 'lanta"um -C1- (an ! f#"m#ntum -44
m#m'"o(u$si s#l limfosit yan% l#bih banya$ (iban(in%$an (#n%an $#lom'o$ ti$us
yan% (ib#"i 4A! (an ?5?C* s#"ta yan% (ib#"i ?5?C saja /$ont"ol 'ositif1 4A!
t#"bu$ti mam'u m#nin%$at$an jumlah s#l limfosit &#n%an (#mi$ian (a'at (i$ata$an
bah,a 4A! yan% (i%una$an 'a(a '#n#litian ini* yaitu ! 'lanta"um -C1- (an !
f#"m#ntum -44* m#m'unyai sifat s#ba%ai imunomo(ulato" Aattou"i et al /-00-1
m#la'o"$an hasil '#n#litiannya yan% m#mbu$ti$an bah,a $onsumsi 4A! %olon%an
!a3toba3illus mam'u m#nin%$at$an sist#m imun s#lul#" (an humo"al* (ianta"anya
'#nin%$at$an 'o'ulasi (an '"olif#"asi s#l limfosit* '"o(u$si sito$in int#"f#"on)S
/+FN)S1* int#"l#u$in)1- /+!)1-1* +!)10* s#l imun >h* s#"ta imuno%lobulin /+%1A* +%?*
+%@ s#"ta +%M M#nu"ut 2u"ono /-0041* 4A! yan% m#l#$at 'a(a s#l #'ith#lial usus
manusia (a'at m#n%a$tif$an ma$"ofa%
2timulasi imun 4A! a(alah m#lalui $om'on#n (in(in% s#l* yaitu
'#'ti(o%li$an yan% m#n%in(u$si '#"mu$aan mu$osa @lu$an 'a(a (in(in% s#l ba$t#"i
a$an m#"an%san% ma$"ofa% m#m'"o(u$si int#"l#u$in* m#nin%$at$an a$tivitas
'"olif#"asi s#l limfosit 2#l imfosit m#mb#lah m#nja(i limfosit > (an limfosit 4
!imfosit > a$an m#l#'as$an int#"f#"on* $#mbali m#n%a$tif$an ma$"ofa% (an limfosit
4 (alam m#m'"o(u$si antibo(i 2#lain itu* %lu$an ju%a a$an m#"an%san% ma$"ofa%
l#bih banya$ m#m'"o(u$si lisozim Antibo(i yan% (ihasil$an ini m#"u'a$an "#s'on
m#$anism# humo"al (alam m#$anism# $#$#balan s'#sifi$
Ke,'(i'n Di'-e P'(' Ti)us Te-in+e)si EPE.
4A! m#mb#"i$an manfaat 'ositif ba%i $#s#hatan* $hususnya m#nja%a
$#s#imban%an mi$"oflo"a (an salu"an '#n3#"naan A#m#nt#"ian A#s#hatan (an
A#s#jaht#"aan J#'an% m#n%i(#ntifi$asi 1- $om'on#n bahan 'an%an yan%
(i$at#%o"i$an (a'at m#nin%$at$an $#s#hatan* (an 4A! t#"masu$ salah satu (i
anta"anya /2u"ono* -0041
Manfaat $#s#hatan yan% b#"$aitan (#n%an 4A! a(alah m#n%#n(ali$an ba$t#"i
'ato%#n (alam salu"an '#n3#"naan /2u"ono* -0041 ?5?C /Enteropathogenic
Escherichia coli1 m#"u'a$an salah satu ba$t#"i 'ato%#n yan% (a'at m#ny#bab$an
(ia"# ?5?C m#l#$at 'a(a s#l mu$osa usus (an m#ny#bab$an t#"ja(inya '#"ubahan
st"u$tu" s#l* $#mu(ian m#la$u$an invasi m#n#mbus s#l mu$osa
Analisis si(i$ "a%am m#nunju$$an bah,a '#"la$uan yan% (ib#"i$an $#'a(a
ti$us '#"3obaan b#"'#n%a"uh nyata /'P0*051 t#"ha(a' $a(a" ai" f#s#s /Ebb1 ti$us
'a(a ha"i $#)14 (an $#)-1 />ab#l -1
Cji lanjut &un3an 'a(a ha"i $#)14 m#nunju$$an bah,a $a(a" ai" f#s#s
$#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif /(ib#"i ?5?C saja1 b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $a(a" ai" f#s#s
$#lom'o$ lainnya* t#"masu$ $#lom'o$ L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C (an L. fermentum
-44 G ?5?C (an nilainya 'alin% b#sa" /6.*95 Ebb1 F#s#s ti$us $#lom'o$ $ont"ol
'ositif tam'a$ b#"l#n(i" s#ba%ai tan(a t#lah t#"ja(i inf#$si 'a(a salu"an
'#n3#"naannya* s#(an%$an f#s#s 'a(a $#lom'o$ ti$us yan% lain ti(a$ b#"l#n(i" 6al
t#"s#but s#suai (#n%an '#n(a'at 6a"tanti /-0101* bah,a $"it#"ia (ia"# ti$us '#"3obaan
(iba%i m#nja(i lima %olon%an* yaituI /a1 tan(a f#s#s no"mal /f#s#s b#"b#ntu$ bulat
atau lonjon%* b#",a"na hitam* (an $#"as1* /b1 tan(a (ia"# s$o" 1 /f#s#s b#"b#ntu$
bulat atau lonjon%* b#",a"na hitam* (an a%a$ l#mb#$1* /31 tan(a (ia"# s$o" - /f#s#s
b#"b#ntu$ bulat atau lonjon%* b#",a"na hitam* (an l#mb#$1* /(1 tan(a (ia"# s$o" .
/f#s#s ti(a$ b#"b#ntu$ bulat mau'un lonjon%* b#",a"na a%a$ $#3o$latan* san%at
l#mb#$* hin%%a mun3ul l#n(i"1* (an /#1 tan(a (ia"# s$o" 4 /f#s#s 3ai"* ti(a$ b#"b#ntu$*
b#",a"na 3o$lat* hin%%a mun3ul l#n(i"1 Aon(isi f#s#s yan% (inyata$an (ia"# a(alah
f#s#s (#n%an tan(a (ia"# s$o" . (an 4 /mun3ul l#n(i"1* s#(an%$an f#s#s (#n%an tan(a
(ia"# s$o" 1 (an - masih (inyata$an f#s#s no"mal
A(anya l#n(i" (an $a(a" ai" yan% tin%%i 'a(a f#s#s ti$us $#lom'o$ $ont"ol
'ositif s#ba%ai tan(a t#lah t#"ja(i inf#$si 'a(a salu"an '#n3#"naannya 6al t#"s#but
(imun%$in$an $a"#na 'a(a '#"la$uan $ont"ol 'ositif* ti$us hanya (ib#"i ?5?C tan'a
a(a tambahan 4A! s#ba%ai ba$t#"i '"obioti$ (an m#n%hasil$an s#nya,a antimi$"oba
yan% m#n%hambat '#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli /?5?C1
M#nu"ut Colla(o #t al /-0071 m#$anism# '#"lin(un%an yan% mun%$in (a"i '"obioti$
t#"ha(a' 'ato%#n anta"a lain m#lalui $om'#tisi '#n#m'#lan 'a(a sisi i$atan (an
nut"i#n* mo(ulasi imunitas* atau s#$"#si s#nya,a antimi$"ob
Aa(a" ai" 'a(a $#lom'o$ 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C m#mili$i nilai
t#"#n(ah (iban(in%$an (#n%an $#lom'o$ lainnya* t#"masu$ ji$a (iban(in%$an (#n%an
$#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C Namun* $#lom'o$ ti$us yan% (ib#"i
4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C (an 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C m#nunju$$an
hasil yan% ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ ti$us $ont"ol n#%atif (an $#lom'o$
ti$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. plantarum -C1- (an 4A! L. fermentum -44 tan'a
'#nambahan ?5?C 6al t#"s#but m#nunju$$an bah,a '#nambahan 4A! mam'u
m#n%hambat '#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli /?5?C1
s#ba%ai '#ny#bab (ia"# 2#lain itu* '#nambahan 4A! L. fermentum -44 l#bih #f#$tif
(alam m#n%hambat (ia"# atau inf#$si ?5?C (iban(in%$an (#n%an 4A! L. plantarum
-C1-
M#nu"ut &# Roos (an Aatan /-0001* '"obioti$ (a'at m#n3#%ah (ia"# (#n%an
3a"a m#n%hambat '#"tumbuhan ba$t#"i 'ato%#n m#lalui '"o(u$si ba$t#"iosin (an
b#"$om'#tisi (#n%an 'ato%#n untu$ b#"i$atan (#n%an s#l #'it#l 6al t#"s#but s#jalan
(#n%an '#n(a'at Wa,an /-01.1* bah,a '"obioti$ #f#$tif untu$ '#n3#%ahan '"im#"
mau'un s#$un(#" s#"ta untu$ m#n%obati (ia"# M#$anism#nya s#3a"a sin%$at yaitu
(#n%an m#nin%$at$an $olonisasi ba$t#"i '"obioti$ (i (alam lum#n salu"an 3#"na*
s#hin%%a s#lu"uh #'it#l mu$osa usus t#lah (i(u(u$i ol#h ba$t#"i '"obioti$ m#lalui
"#s#'to" (alam s#l #'it#l usus* s#hin%%a ti(a$ t#"(a'at t#m'at la%i untu$ ba$t#"i
'ato%#n untu$ m#l#$at$an (i"i 'a(a s#l #'it#l usus (an a$hi"nya $olonisasi ba$t#"i
'ato%#n ti(a$ t#"ja(i
4#"ba%ai '#n#litian t#lah m#nunju$$an 'ot#nsi isolat ba$t#"i asam la$tat untu$
m#n%u"an%i $#ja(ian (ia"#* bai$ yan% (is#bab$an ol#h inf#$si ba$t#"i 'ato%#n* vi"us*
mau'un (ia"# yan% (is#bab$an ol#h $onsumsi antibioti$ Mi3hail (an Ab#"nathy
/-00-1 m#n#mu$an bah,a Lactobacillus plantarum (a'at m#nu"un$an "#s'on
s#$"#to"i (a"i s#l #'it#lial usus $a"#na inf#$si enteropatogenik E. coli /?5?C1
Cji lanjut &un3an 'a(a ha"i $#)-1 ju%a m#nunju$$an bah,a $a(a" ai" f#s#s
$#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $a(a" ai" f#s#s $#lom'o$ lainnya (an
nilainya m#nin%$at m#nja(i 60*9- Ebb Aa(a" ai" f#s#s $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum
-C1- G ?5?C (an 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata satu sama
lain (an ju%a ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ $ont"ol n#%atif 6al t#"s#but ju%a
m#nunju$$an bah,a '#nambahan 4A! mam'u m#n%hambat (ia"# ol#h inf#$si
?5?C Namun* $a(a" ai" $#lom'o$ 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C m#mili$i nilai
yan% ti(a$ t#"'aut jauh (#n%an $a(a" ai" $#lom'o$ $ont"ol n#%atif /5.*.7 Ebb (an
5.*-0 Ebb1 6al t#"s#but m#mbu$ti$an bah,a 4A! L. fermentum -44 l#bih #f#$tif
(alam m#n%hambat (ia"# atau inf#$si ?5?C (iban(in%$an (#n%an 4A! L. plantarum
-C1- yan% m#mili$i $a(a" ai" 57*75 Ebb
5a(a ha"i $#)-1* $#lom'o$ ti$us 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C* 4A! L.
fermentum -44 G ?5?C* (an $ont"ol 'ositif m#n%alami (ia"# 6al t#"s#but
(itunju$$an (a"i '#nin%$atan $a(a" ai" f#s#s A$an t#ta'i* $#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif
m#n%alami (ia"# yan% l#bih 'a"ah Aa(a" ai" f#s#s ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum
-C1- G ?5?C (an 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C a(alah 57*75 (an 5.*.7Ebb 5a(a
ti$us yan% s#hat /$#lom'o$ $ont"ol n#%atif* 4A! L. plantarum -C1-* (an 4A! L.
fermentum -441 $a(a" ai" f#s#s b#"$isa" 46*00)5.*-0Ebb
5#n#litian Nababan /-0111 m#nunju$$an bah,a ti$us s#hat (an ti$us yan%
(ib#"i yo%u"t sinbioti$ m#mili$i $a(a" ai" f#s#s b#"$isa" anta"a 55*9. sam'ai 56*01
Ebb &#n%an (#mi$ian* (a'at (i$ata$an bah,a '#mb#"ian ?5?C m#n%a$ibat$an
t#"ja(inya (ia"#* (itan(ai ol#h tin%%inya $a(a" ai" f#s#s ti$us $#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif
/(ib#"i ?5?C saja1 (iban(in%$an $#lom'o$ ti$us lainnya 2#lain itu* (a'at
(isim'ul$an 'ula bah,a 4A! L. fermentum -44 l#bih #f#$tif (alam m#n%hambat
(ia"# atau inf#$si ?5?C (iban(in%$an (#n%an 4A! L. plantarum -C1-* (ilihat (a"i
$a(a" ai" 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C /5.*.7 Ebb1 yan% masih t#"%olon% $#
(alam ti$us s#hat $a"#na $a(a" ai" f#s#snya (i ba,ah $isa"an anta"a 55*9. sam'ai
56*01 Ebb
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(ia"# 4a$t#"i #nt#"i$ 'ato%#n '#ny#bab (ia"# b#$#"ja (#n%an 3a"a m#l#$at (an
b#"'#n#t"asi $# (alam m#mb"an mu$osa int#stinal a%a" (a'at m#n3a'ai (an
m#ny#"an% #nt#"osit /s#l #'it#l usus halus1 s#"ta m#ny#bab$an inf#$si $linis M#nu"ut
Jan(a (an Abbott /-0061* ?5?C m#n#m'#l (#n%an 'ola locali*ed adherence /!A1
4a$t#"i ?5?C (alam b#ntu$ mi$"o$oloni m#n#m'#l (#n%an $uat 'a(a lo$asi)lo$asi
t#"t#ntu (a"i '#"mu$aan s#l #'it#lial (an m#ny#bab$an $#"usa$an 'a(a mi$"ovili
usus A#"usa$an s#l)s#l mu$osa vili t#"s#but m#ny#bab$an '#nu"unan $a'asitas
abso"'si 3ai"an (an #l#$t"olit $a"#na luas a"#a '#"mu$aan usus m#nu"un /Mus3a"i*
-0011* a$ibatnya ?5?C (a'at m#ny#bab$an (ia"# M#nu"ut 8#in #t al /-0041* (ia"#
ol#h inf#$si ?5?C /enteropatogenik E. coli1 t#"masu$ (alam (ia"# inf#$si non)
invasif M#$anism# a(h#si yan% t#"ja(i 'a(a inf#$si enteropatogenik E.coli /?5?C1*
yan% m#libat$an %#n ?5?C a(h#"#n3# fa3to" /?AF1 m#lalui 4F5 /4un(l# Fo"min%
5ili1* m#ny#bab$an '#"ubahan $ons#nt"asi $alsium int"as#llul#" (an a"sit#$tu"
sitos$l#ton (i ba,ah m#mb"an mi$"ovilus +nvasi int"as#lul#" yan% #$st#nsif ti(a$
t#"lihat 'a(a inf#$si ?5?C ini
K'('- M'l$n'l(ehi(' #'&i D'n Gin,'l
Malonal(#hi(a (alam mat#"i biolo%i t#lah (i%una$an s#3a"a luas s#ba%ai
in(i$ato" $#"usa$an o$si(atif* t#"utama yan% b#"asal (a"i asam l#ma$ ta$ j#nuh
/Nab#t* 19961 M#nu"ut Aoltas #t al. /-0061 M&A yan% m#"u'a$an hasil '#"o$si(asi
li'i(a m#"u'a$an in(i$ato" t#"ja(inya st"#s o$si(atif 'a(a ja"in%an (an s#l 2t"#s
o$si(atif m#n%%amba"$an $on(isi $#"usa$an o$si(atif yan% t#"ja(i $#ti$a
$#s#imban%an anta"a "a(i$al b#bas (an antio$si(an ti(a$ b#"tahan (#n%an bai$
/!am'# (an Ch#"yl* -0001 Malonal(#hi(a /M&A1 m#"u'a$an in(i$ato" t#"ja(inya
'#"isti,a o$si(asi li'i( 4#"(asa"$an hal t#"s#but ma$a $a(a" M&A 'a(a tubuh (a'at
m#m'#"lihat$an $on(isi imun tubuh 2#ma$in tin%%i $a(a" M&A 'a(a tubuh b#"a"ti
s#ma$in banya$ inf#$si yan% t#"ja(i
>i$us yan% (i'a'a" ol#h ?5?C a$an m#n%alami (ia"# A#a(aan ini a$an
m#n%%an%%u sist#m imun ti$us (an ju%a m#ny#bab$an ti$us m#n%alami st"#s
A#a(aan st"#s m#mun%$in$an m#nin%$at$an "a(i$al b#bas (alam tubuh 2#3a"a ti(a$
lan%sun%* jumlah "a(i$al b#bas (itunju$$an ol#h $a(a" malonal(#hi(a /M&A*
C
.
6
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1 (an $#(uanya b#"ban(in% lu"us M&A m#"u'a$an salah satu '"o(u$ a$hi"
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m#ny#bab$an M&A (a'at (i%una$an s#ba%ai in(i$ato" $#b#"a(aan "a(i$al b#bas
(alam tubuh (an in(i$ato" $#"usa$an o$si(atif m#mb"an s#l /Astuti et al.* -0091
2alah satu '#ny#bab $#nai$an M&A a(alah tin%$at m#tabolism# (i (alam o"%an atau
ja"in%an $a"#na a$tivitas fisi$ ma$simal 5a(a saat usus isti"ahat t#"ja(i m#tabolism#
yan% l#bih tin%%i bila (iban(in%$an (#n%an hati (an jantun% s#bab (alam usus t#"ja(i
'#n3#"naan ma$anan 6al lain yan% m#ny#bab$an tin%%inya $a(a" M&A a(alah
a(anya is$#mia"#)'#"fusi 'a(a ja"in%an usus saat)saat t#"t#ntu +s$#mia)"#'#"fusi
t#"s#but a$an m#ny#bab$an '#nin%$atan "a(i$al b#bas s#hin%%a t#"ja(i '#nin%$atan
M&A 2#t#lah '#mb#"ian b#ban ma$simal t#"nyata $a(a" M&A 'a(a usus l#bih
"#n(ah (iban(in%a$an o"%an lain (an (a"ah
@amba" 5 m#nunju$$an $a(a" M&A hati b#"ba%ai $#lom'o$ '#"la$uan ti$us
'a(a ha"i $#)-1
Analisis si(i$ "a%am m#nunju$$an bah,a '#"la$uan yan% (ib#"i$an $#'a(a
ti$us '#"3obaan b#"'#n%a"uh nyata /'P0*051 t#"ha(a' $a(a" M&A hati Cji lanjut
&un3an m#nunju$$an bah,a hati ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L. fermentum -44 m#mili$i
$a(a" M&A /0*0971 LmolD% hati1 yan% ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ ti$us
lainnya* t#ta'i b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C
/0*1.07 LmolD% hati1
6al yan% san%at m#na"i$ (a"i '#n#litian ini a(alah a(anya '#"b#(aan yan%
nyata anta"a $a(a" M&A hati ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C
/01.07 LmolD% hati1 (#n%an $#lom'o$ 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C /0*0006
LmolD% hati1 A#lom'o$ ti$us yan% (ib#"i 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C
m#nunju$$an $a(a" M&A hati yan% tin%%i $a"#na tubuh m#mb#"i$an "#s'on t#"ha(a'
'ato%#n yaitu (#n%an 3a"a m#mb#"i$an m#$anism# '#"tahanan 'a(a saat s#l 'ato%#n
m#n%inf#$si s#l inan% >ubuh m#mb#"i$an "#s'on imun (i anta"anya m#lalui "#s'on
'#"tahanan imun s#lul#" b#"u'a $#mam'uan fa%ositas t#"ha(a' s#l mi$"oba 5a(a saat
'ato%#n m#masu$i ha#molym'h* Na&56)o$si(as# a$an (ia$tivasi 'a(a ha#mo3yt#
inan% yan% $#mu(ian a$an m#"#(u$si o$si%#n m#nja(i anion su'#"o$si(a (an
m#ny#bab$an '"o(u$si s'#si#s o$si%#n "#a$tif yan% lain s#'#"ti hi("o%#n '#"o$si(a*
sin%l#t o$si%#n* "a(i$al hi("o$sil (an $om'on#n "#a$tif lainnya /Cast#: #t al* -0101
2#lain itu* $a(a" M&A hati ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G ?5?C
ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ $ont"ol 'ositif* (an ti$us $#lom'o$ 4A! L.
fermentum -44 G ?5?C ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ ti$us yan% s#hat
/tan'a inf#$si ?5?C1 6al ini m#nunju$$an bah,a $#lom'o$ ti$us (#n%an '#mb#"ian
4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C mam'u m#m'#"tahan$an $on(isi tubuhnya sama
(#n%an $on(isi ti$us s#hat /tan'a inf#$si ?5?C1* (an (a'at (isim'ul$an bah,a 4A!
L. fermentum -44 l#bih #f#$tif (alam m#n#$an t#"b#ntu$nya M&A a$ibat '#n%a"uh
inf#$si ?5?C (iban(in%$an 4A! L. plantarum -C1- 6al t#"s#but s#suai (#n%an
'#"nyataan Ctami /-0111* bah,a yo%u"t sinbioti$ yan% (i (alamya t#"(a'at '"obioti$
L. fermentum mam'u m#n#$an t#"b#ntu$nya "a(i$al b#bas yan% (is#bab$an s#"an%an
?5?C
4#"(asa"$an '#n#litian yan% (ila$u$an ol#h >"uusalu #t al /-0001* '#n%obatan
(#n%an m#n%%una$an oflo$sasin yan% (i$ombinasi$an (#n%an '"obioti$ L.
fermentum untu$ m#n%atasi '#nya$it yan% (is#bab$an ol#h Sallmonella
thyphimurium m#nunju$$an bah,a $ombinasi ini mam'u m#nu"un$an jumlah
Salmonella thyphimurium (i hati* (a"ah* (an salu"an '#n3#"naan s#"ta m#nu"un$an
jumlah li'i( '#"o$si(a (i usus halus A#mam'uan L. fermentum (alam m#n%u"an%i
"#a3tiv# o:y%#n s'#3i#s /R721 ju%a (inyata$an ol#h Aullisaa" #t al /-0011 yan%
m#nyata$an bah,a L. fermentum ?. (an ?0 yan% (iisolasi (a"i mi$"oflo"a ana$
yan% s#hat* mam'u b#"tahan $#ti$a (i'a'a" (#n%an $#ha(i"an R72* s#'#"ti hi("o%#n
'#"o$si(a* anion su'#"o$si(a (an "a(i$al hi("o$sil 4a$t#"i '"obioti$ ini ju%a
m#nin%$at$an jumlah %lutation '#"o$si(as# (an Mn)27& yan% m#"u'a$an #nzim
yan% '#ntin% (alam m#n3#%ah '#"o$si(asi li'i( (an m#n%#lua"$an hi("o%#n
'#"o$si(a
Aa(a" M&A ju%a (iamati 'a(a o"%an %injal @amba" 6 m#nunju$$an $a(a"
M&A %injal b#"ba%ai $#lom'o$ '#"la$uan ti$us 'a(a ha"i $#)-1
Analisis si(i$ "a%am m#nunju$$an bah,a '#"la$uan yan% (ib#"i$an $#'a(a
ti$us '#"3obaan b#"'#n%a"uh nyata /'P0*051 t#"ha(a' $a(a" M&A %injal Cji lanjut
&un3an m#nunju$$an bah,a %injal ti$us $#lom'o$ '#"la$uan 4A! L. fermentum
-44 m#mili$i $a(a" M&A 'alin% "#n(ah /0*--.. LmolD%%injal1 (an b#"b#(a nyata
(#n%an $#lom'o$ lainnya* t#ta'i ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ 4A! L.
plantarum -C1- /0*-641 LmolD%%injal1 6al t#"s#but m#nunju$$an bah,a 4A! L.
fermentum -44 l#bih #f#$tif (alam m#n#$an t#"b#ntu$nya M&A (iban(in%$an 4A!
L. plantarum -C1- 2#lain itu* $a(a" M&A $#lom'o$ 4A! L. plantarum -C1- G
?5?C ti(a$ b#"b#(a nyata (#n%an $#lom'o$ 4A! 4A! L. fermentum -44 G ?5?C
(an $ont"ol n#%atif 6al t#"s#but m#nunuj$$an bah,a 4A! L. plantarum -C1- (an
4A! L. fermentum -44 yan% t#"inf#$si ?5?C mam'u m#m'#"tahan$an $on(isi
tubuhnya sama (#n%an $on(isi ti$us s#hat /$ont"ol n#%atif1
Mi$#lsaa" (an 8ilm#" /-0091 m#n#mu$an bah,a (ua st"ain L. fermentum
m#mili$i '#n%a"uh yan% $uat s#ba%ai '"obioti$ ba"u (#n%an sifat fun%sional b#"u'a
antimi$"obial (an antio$si(atif J#nis antimi$"obial yan% (imili$i anta"a lain b#"u'a I
asam as#tat* asam la$tat* asam su$sinat* putrescine* N7* C7
-
* (an 6
-
7
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4a$t#"i '"obioti$ t#"bu$ti #f#$tif (alam m#nan%ani b#"ba%ai '#nya$it s#'#"ti

tu$a$ lambun%* (ia"#* intol#"ansi t#"ha(a' la$tosa* al#"%i ma$anan* (an ju%a $an$#"
salu"an '#n3#"naan /8ubilla%a et al.* -0011 L. plantarum (an L. fermentum
m#"u'a$an ba$t#"i asam la$tat yan% t#"%olon% st"ain '"obioti$
Manfaat $#s#hatan 4A! (i anta"anya a(alah m#n%#n(ali$an ba$t#"i 'ato%#n
(alam salu"an '#n3#"naan (an m#nstimuli" sist#m imun /2u"ono* -0041 ?f#$
anta%onism# atau antiba$t#"i 4A! t#"(i"i atas (ua m#$anism#* yaitu (#n%an
m#n%hasil$an s#nya,a m#tabolit '"im#" s#'#"ti asam la$tat* C7
-
* (ias#til*
as#tal(#hi(a* (an hi("o%#n '#"o$si(a /6
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7
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1; (an (#n%an m#n%hasil$an ba$t#"iosin
yan% m#"u'a$an s#nya,a '"ot#in yan% m#nunju$$an a$tivitas antiba$t#"i t#"ha(a'
ba$t#"i s#j#nis M#nu"ut Aau" et al. /-00-1* 4A! m#nja%a $#s#imban%an mi$"oflo"a
salu"an '#n3#"naan (an m#nin%$at$an "#s'on imun (#n%an 3a"a I /11 b#"$om'#tisi
(#n%an 'ato%#n #nt#"i$* /-1 m#mi3u sint#sis sito$in (a"i #nt#"osit* /.1 m#m'"o(u$si
m#tabolit yan% b#"sifat to$si$ /6
-
7
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1* /41 m#m'"o(u$si asam buti"at /m#nin%$at$an
turnover #nt#"osit1* /51 m#mulih$an mi$"oflo"a no"mal s#lama t#"a'i antibioti$* (an
/61 m#m'"o(u$si ba$t#"iosin
BAB V
KESIMPULAN
5#mb#"ian ?5?C (#n%an (osis 106 3fuDml s#lama tujuh ha"i 'a(a ti$us
'#"3obaan (a'at m#ny#bab$an (ia"#* '#nu"unan b#"at ba(an* (an '#nu"unan nilai
5?R 5#mb#"ian L. plantarum +,+ (an L. fermentum -44 (#n%an (osis 100 3fuDml
'a(a ti$us yan% (ib#"i ?5?C (a'at m#n3#%ah t#"ja(inya (ia"#
5#mb#"ian L. plantarum +,+ (an L. fermentum -44 'a(a ti$us yan% (ib#"i
?5?C m#m'#n%a"uhi sifat imunomo(ulato"* yaitu m#nin%$at$an jumlah s#l limfosit
o"%an lim'a4A! L. fermentum -44 (an L. plantarum +,+ m#mili$i 'ot#nsi s#ba%ai
anti(ia"# (an m#nin%$at$an sist#m imun /imunomo(ulato"1 4A! L. fermentum -44
l#bih b#"'ot#nsi s#ba%ai anti(ia"# (an imunomo(ulato" (iban(in%$an L. plantarum
+,+.
&afta" 5usta$a
Astuti 2* Mu3hta(i &* Asta,an M* 5u",anta"a 4* W"#s(iyati > -009 5#n%a"uh
'#mb#"ian t#'un% $#(#lai $aya isoflavon t#"ha(a' $a(a" malonal(#hi( /M&A1*
a$tivitas su'#"o$si(a (ismutas# /27&1 t#stis* (an '"ofil Cu*8n)27& tubuli
s#minif#"i t#stis ti$us jantan - #eknol dan "angan Fol 10 6al 1-9)1.4
Cast#: M* !amai"# 5* Wab#t# N* T Chim ! -010 ?ff#3t of '"obioti3s "edioccocus
acidilacti on antio:i(ant (#f#n3#s an( antio:i(ant st"#ss of Litopenaeus
stylirostris un(#" .ibrio nigripulchitrudo 3halan%# )ish and Shelfish - Fol -0
6al 66-)6.1
Colla(o MC* M#"iluoto J* 2almin#n 2 -007 /n vitro analysis of '"obioti3 st"ain
3ombinations to inhibit 'atho%#n a(h#sion to human int#stinal mu3us )ood
'es /nt Fol 40 6al 6-9)6.6
&# Roos NM* Aatan M4 -000 ?ff#3ts of '"obioti3s ba3t#"ia on (ia""h#a* li'i(
m#tabolism* an( 3a"3ino%#n#sis Am - lin %utr Fol 71 6al 405)411
6a"tanti AW -010 ?valuasi A$tivitas Anti(ia"# +solat Lactobacillus (a"i Ai" 2usu
+bu #esis 4o%o" I +nstitut 5#"tanian 4o%o"
Jan(a JM* Abbott 2! -006 #he Enterobacteria 2#3on( ?( Washin%ton I A2M
5"#ss
Aau" +5* Cho'"a A* 2aini A -00- 5"obioti3s I 'ot#ntial 'ha"ma3#uti3al a''li3ations
?u" - "harm Sci Fol 15 6al 1)9
Aoltas +2* <u3#bil%i3 @* 4il%in R* 5a"sa$ CA* 2a$man @ -006 2#"um
malon(ial(#hy(# l#v#l in 'ati#nts ,ith Cysti3 ?3hino3o33osis - Saudi 0ed
+112 Fol -7 6al 170.)1705
Aullisaa" >* 8ilm#" M* Mi$#lsaa" M* Filh#lm >* Annu$ 6* Aaman# C* Ali$ A -001
>,o antio:i(ant Lactobacilli st"ains as '"omisin% '"obioti3s )ood 0icrobiol -
7- I -15)--4
!am'#* Johanna W* Ch#"yl ! Ro3$ -000 Biomarkers and their use in nutrition
intervention &i (alam I Coulston* Ann M (an Ca"ol 4oush#y %utrition in #he
"revention and #reatment of (isease 2#3on( ?(ition !on(on I ?ls#vi#"
A3a(#mi3 5"#ss
Mi3hail 2* Ab#"nathy F -00- Lactobacillus plantarum "#(u3#s th# in vit"o s#3"#to"y
"#s'ons# of int#stinal #'ith#lial 3#lls to #nt#"o'atho%#ni3 Escherichia coli
inf#3tion - "ediatr 3astroenterol %utr .5I .50)5 &7+ I 101097D00005176)
-00-09000)000-1
Mi$#lsaa" M* Mih$#l 8ilm#" -009 Lactobacillus fermentum M?).I An antimi3"obial
an( antio:i(ativ# '"obioti3 0icrobial Ecology in Health and (isease Fol -1
6al 1)-7
Mus3a"i M? -001 "anduan Bela4ar 5epera&atan "ediatrik ?(isi . Ja$a"ta I
5#n#"bit 4u$u A#(o$t#"an ?@C
Nababan <M2 -011 5#n%a"uh 5#mb#"ian <o%u"t sinbioti$ Fun%sional 4#"basis
5"obioti$ !o$al t#"ha(a' 2tatus 6#matolo%i >i$us 5#"3obaan Skripsi
&#'a"t#m#n +lmu (an >#$nolo%i 5an%an* Fa$ultas >#$nolo%i 5#"tanian* +nstitut
5#"tanian 4o%o"
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sist#m biolo%is &i (alamI 8a$a"ia F* &#,anti R* (an <asni 2 /#(s1 5"osi(in%
2#nya,a Ra(i$al (an 2ist#m 5an%an Ja$a"ta I 5usat 2tu(i 5an%an (an @izi
+54* 4o%o" (an A#(utaan 4#sa" 5#"an3is* '' ++)1
Nitisin'"as#"t 2* 5un%sun%,o"n N* Wan3haitana,on% 5* !ois#au @* Mont#t & -006
+n vit"o a(h#sion assay of la3ti3 a3i( ba3t#"ia* ?s3h#"i3hia 3oli an( 2almon#lla
s' by mi3"obiolo%i3al an( 5CR m#tho(s 2on%$lana$a"in J 23i >#3hnol -0
/su''l11 I 99)106
5#(#"son* C 2 1971 0icrobiology of )ood )ermentations >h# Avi 5ublishin%
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b#t,##n '"obioti3 la3ti3 a3i( ba3t#"ia an( 3anin# #nt#"i3 'atho%#ns I a "is$
fa3to" fo" int#stinal Enterococcus faecium 3olonization .et 0icrob 9-I 111)
119
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5#n%a,#tan Ma$anan 0edia #eknologi "angan !#mba%a 2umb#"(aya
+nfo"masi U +54 4o%o"
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<ayasan 5#n%usaha Ma$anan (an Minuman s#lu"uh +n(on#sia
>"uusalu A* Mi$#lsaa" R6* Naab#" 5* Aa"$i &* Aulisaa" >* 8im#" M* T Mi$#lsaa" M
-000 ?"a(i3ation of Salmonella thypimurium inf#3tion in a mu"in# mo(#l of
thy'hoi( f#v#" ,ith th# 3ombination of '"obioti3 Lactobacillus fermentum M?)
. an( oflo:a3in Biomed central - 1471)-100
Ctami* 2#'ti &,i -011 5#n%a"uh <o%u"t 2inbioti$ 4#"basis 5"obioti$ !o$al
>#"ha(a' 5"olif#"asi 2#l !imfosit* Aa(a" Malonal(#hi(a* &an A$tivitas
2u'#"o$si(a &ismutas# 5a(a >i$us 5#"3obaan Skripsi. &#'a"t#m#n +lmu (an
>#$nolo%i 5an%an* Fa$ultas >#$nolo%i 5#"tanian* +nstitut 5#"tanian 4o%o"
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