SPM Trial 2009 Phy Qa Kedah

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SULIT
PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA

SEKOLAH MENENGAH
NEGERI KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009
4531/1
PHYSICS
Kertas 1
1
1 jam
4
Satu jam lima belas minit
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.
2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa Melayu.
3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 35 halaman bercetak
SULIT
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Hot FM is transmitted with a frequency of 88.2 MHz. This frequency is equal to

Hot FM dipancar dengan frekuensi 88.2 MHz. Frekuensi ini adalah sama dengan
A
B
C
D
8.82 x 105 Hz
8.82 x 106 Hz
8.82 x 107 Hz
8.82 x 108 Hz
Diagram 1 shows a student holding a glass rod.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan seorang pelajar memegang sebatang rod kaca.
Diagram 1 / Rajah 1
The best choice of measuring instruments to measure the length and diameter of the
glass rod is
Pilihan alat pengukur yang terbaik untuk mengukur panjang dan diameter rod kaca itu
ialah
Length / Panjang
Diameter / Diameter
Metre rule
Pembaris meter
Vernier calipers
Angkup vernier
Vernier calipers
Angkup vernier
Micrometer screw gauge

Tolok skru mikrometer
Vernier calipers
Angkup vernier
Vernier calipers
Angkup vernier
Metre rule
Pembaris meter
Micrometer screw gauge

Tolok skru mikrometer
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A student carries out an experiment where the variables are as follows:

Manipulated variable : P
Responding variable : Q
Constant variable
:R
Which is the graph that should be drawn?
Seorang pelajar menjalankan suatu eksperimen dengan pembolehubah seperti berikut:
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan : P
Pembolehubah bergerak balas : Q
Pembolehubah dimalarkan
:R
Graf manakah yang patut dilukis?
A
0
C
0
4
Diagram 2 shows two strips of ticker tapes which were attached to two moving trolleys
X and Y.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan dua pita detik yang dilekat pada dua buah troli X dan Y yang
sedang bergerak.
Trolley X / Troli X
Trolley Y / Troli Y
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
Which statement is correct?
Pernyataan yang manakah betul?
A
B
C
The time taken by both trolleys are the same

Masa yang diambil oleh kedua-dua troli adalah sama
The distance travelled by both trolleys are the same
Jarak dilalui oleh kedua-dua troli adalah sama
The velocity of both trolleys are the same
Halaju kedua-dua troli adalah sama
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Diagram 3 shows a velocity-time graph of a moving bicycle.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan graf halaju-masa bagi sebuah basikal yang sedang bergerak.
Velocity
Halaju
Time
Masa
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
Which statement describes the motion of the bicycle in the region WX and XY?
Pernyataan yang manakah menerangkan pergerakan basikal tersebut dalam bahagian
WX dan XY?
A
B
C
D
WX
XY
Increasing acceleration
Pecutan bertambah
Increasing acceleration
Pecutan bertambah
Zero acceleration
Pecutan sifar
Uniform acceleration
Pecutan seragam
Decreasing acceleration
Pecutan berkurang
Pecutan seragam
Pecutan seragam
Zero acceleration
Pecutan sifar
Which object moves with the largest acceleration?

Objek yang manakah bergerak dengan pecutan paling besar?
A
3N
9N
2 kg
3 kg
4N
C
6N
2 kg
11 N
2N
1 kg
1N
4N
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Which vehicle has the largest momentum?

Kenderaan manakah mempunyai momentum yang paling besar?
[m = mass, v = velocity / m = jisim, v = halaju]
A
m = 12 000 kg, v = 2 m s1
C
m = 250 kg, v = 40 m s1
8
m = 1800 kg, v = 30 m s1
m = 1200 kg, v = 35 m s1
Diagram 4 shows a force acting on an object.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu daya bertindak pada suatu objek.
Force
Daya
Diagram 4 / Rajah 4
The impulse given to the object is affected by
Impuls yang diberikan kepada objek itu dipengaruhi oleh
X : force / daya
Y : time of impact / masa hentaman
Z : mass of the object / jisim objek
A
B
C
D
X and Y only / X dan Y sahaja

X, Y and Z / X, Y dan Z
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Diagram 5 shows an object at rest on a rough inclined plane.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu objek dalam keadaan pegun di atas permukaan condong
yang kasar.
R
F
Diagram 5 / Rajah 5
Which relationship is correct?
Hubungan yang manakah betul?
A
B
C
D
10
R = F cos q
R = W sin q
F = W cos q
F = W sin q
Diagram 6 shows a toy car moving up a slope with constant velocity.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan sebuah kereta mainan sedang mendaki permukaan condong
dengan halaju malar.
Diagram 6 / Rajah 6
What happens to the kinetic energy and potential energy of the car?
Apakah yang sedang berlaku kepada tenaga kinetik dan tenaga keupayaan kereta itu?
Kinetic energy / Tenaga kinetik
Potential energy / Tenaga keupayaan
Increasing
Bertambah
Increasing
Bertambah
Decreasing
Berkurang
Decreasing
Berkurang
Constant
Malar
Increasing
Bertambah
Increasing
Bertambah
Constant
Malar
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Diagram 7 shows a graph of force against extension for an elastic string.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan graf daya melawan pemanjangan bagi seutas tali kenyal.
Force
Daya
X
Extension
Pemanjangan
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7
The elastic potential energy of the string is represented by the
Tenaga keupayaan kenyal tali tersebut diwakili oleh
A
B
C
D
12
area OXY / luas OXY

area OYZ / luas OYZ
area OXYZ / luas OXYZ
gradient of OY / kecerunan bagi OY
Gas pressure in a closed container is due to the gas molecules

Tekanan gas di dalam sebuah bekas bertutup adalah disebabkan oleh molekul gas
A
B
C
D
moving randomly
bergerak secara rawak
moving with equal speed
bergerak dengan halaju yang sama
colliding with one another
berlanggar sesama sendiri
colliding with the walls of the container
berlanggar dengan dinding bekas
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Diagram 8 shows liquid X and liquid Y in glass tubes.

Rajah 8 menunjukkan cecair X dan cecair Y di dalam tiub kaca.
Density of X = 800 kg m3
Ketumpatan X = 800 kg m3
S
Density of Y = 1 000 kg m3
Ketumpatan Y = 1 000 kg m3
T
PS = pressure at S
PS = tekanan di S
PT = pressure at T
PT = tekanan di T
Diagram 8 / Rajah 8
Pernyataan manakah betul?
A
B
C
D
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PS = PT because S and T are at the same depth

PS = PT sebab S dan T berada pada kedalaman yang sama
PS = PT because S and T are at the same level
PS = PT sebab S dan T berada pada aras yang sama
PS < PT because the density of X is less than the density of Y
PS < PT sebab ketumpatan X lebih kecil daripada ketumpatan Y
PS > PT because S is nearer to the bottom of the tube
PS > PT sebab S lebih dekat kepada dasar tiub
Diagram 9 shows a manometer used to measure the pressure of the gas in the container.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan sebuah manometer digunakan untuk mengukur tekanan gas
dalam sebuah bekas.
Gas
Gas
24 cm
Diagram 9 / Rajah 9
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Which statement is true about the pressure of the gas in the container if the atmospheric
pressure is 76.0 cm Hg?
Pernyataan yang manakah adalah benar mengenai tekanan gas di dalam bekas itu jika
tekanan atmosfera adalah 76.0 cm Hg?
A
B
C
D
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The gas pressure is zero

Tekanan gas adalah sifar
The gas pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure
Tekanan gas adalah sama dengan tekanan atmosfera
The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg more than atmospheric pressure
Tekanan gas adalah 24.0 cm Hg lebih daripada tekanan atmosfera
The gas pressure is 24.0 cm Hg less than atmospheric pressure
Tekanan gas adalah 24.0 cm Hg kurang daripada tekanan atmosfera.
Diagram 10 shows a crane lifting a concrete beam.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan sebuah kren mengangkat alang konkrit.
Piston
Omboh
Diagram 10 / Rajah 10
What principle is used to move the piston at the arm of the crane?
Apakah prinsip yang digunakan untuk menggerakkan omboh pada lengan kren itu?
A
B
C
Pascal's principle / Prinsip Pascal

Archimedes' principle / Prinsip Archimedes
Bernoulli's principle / Prinsip Bernoulli
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Which situation occurs due to atmospheric pressure?

Situasi yang manakah berlaku disebabkan tekanan atmosfera?
A
Dented ping pong ball becomes round again when

immersed in hot water
Bola ping pong yang kemek menjadi bulat semula
apabila direndam dalam air panas
Pouring water out of a bottle

Menuang air keluar daripada botol
Pressing icing onto a cake

Menekan aising pada kek
Sucking water into a syringe

Menyedut air ke dalam picagari
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Diagram 11 shows the cross-section of an iceberg floating on the surface of the sea.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan keratan rentas sebuah bongkah ais terapung di permukaan laut.
Iceberg
Bongkah ais
Sea level
Aras laut
Pernyataan yang manakah betul?
A
Weight of iceberg = Weight of sea water displaced

Berat bongkah ais = Berat air laut tersesar
Volume of iceberg = Volume of sea water displaced

Isipadu bongkah ais = Isipadu air laut tersesar
Density of iceberg = Density of sea water displaced

Ketumpatan bongkah ais = Ketumpatan air laut tersesar
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18
Which diagram shows the correct water levels when water flows steadily through the
glass tube?
Rajah manakah menunjukkan aras air yang betul apabila air mengalir secara mantap
melalui tiub kaca itu?
A
from tap
dari pili air
to sink
ke sinki
Glass tube / Tiub kaca
from tap
dari pili air
to sink
ke sinki
from tap
dari pili air
to sink
ke sinki
from tap
dari pili air
to sink
ke sinki
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Diagram 12 shows cold milk being added to hot tea.

Rajah 12 menunjukkan susu sejuk ditambahkan kepada teh panas.
Which statement is correct if there are no heat losses to the surroundings?
Pernyataan yang manakah betul jika tiada haba hilang ke persekitaran?
A
Heat gained by cold milk is less than heat lost by hot tea
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah kurang daripada kehilangan haba oleh
teh panas
Heat gained by cold milk is greater than heat lost by hot tea
Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah lebih banyak daripada kehilangan haba
oleh teh panas
Heat gained by cold milk is equal to heat lost by hot tea

Penerimaan haba oleh susu sejuk adalah sama dengan kehilangan haba oleh teh
panas
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20
Diagram 13 shows a metal cylinder of mass 5.0 kg and specific heat capacity
400 J kg1 oC1.
Rajah 13 menunjukkan satu silinder logam berjisim 5.0 kg dan muatan haba tentu
400 J kg1 oC1.
1 000 W heater
Pemanas 1000 W
Thermometer
Termometer
Metal cylinder
Silinder logam
What is the temperature rise of the cylinder 10 seconds after the heater is switched on?
Berapakah kenaikan suhu silinder itu 10 saat selepas pemanas itu dihidupkan?
A
B
C
D
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0.20 oC
0.80 oC
1.25 oC
5.00 oC
Diagram14 shows the arm of a person being splashed by boiling water and the arm of
another person being exposed to steam. Both the hot water and steam have the same
mass.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan tangan seorang disimbah air panas and tangan seorang lain
yang terdedah kepada stim. Kedua-dua air panas dan stim mempunyai jisim yang sama.
Boiling water
Air mendidih
Steam
Stim
The scalding on the skin caused by steam is more serious than the scalding caused by
boiling water because
Kelecuran kulit yang disebabkan oleh stim lebih serius daripada kelecuran kulit yang
disebabkan oleh air mendidih sebab
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P : steam has a higher temperature / stim mempunyai suhu yang lebih tinggi
Q : steam has a higher heat content / stim mengandungi lebih banyak haba
R : steam has a higher specific heat capacity / stim mempunyai muatan haba tentu
yang lebih tinggi
A
B
C
D
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P only / P sahaja
Q only / Q sahaja
P and Q only / P dan Q sahaja
P, Q and R / P, Q dan R.
Which graph shows the relationship between the volume and absolute temperature of a
fixed mass of gas at constant pressure?
Graf yang manakah menunjukkan hubungan antara isipadu dan suhu mutlak bagi satu
jisim tetap gas pada tekanan malar?
A
B
3
V / m3
V/m
T/K
T/K
D
V / m3
V / m3
T/K
T/K
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23
Diagram 15(a) shows an air bubble released by a diver at the bottom of the sea.
Diagram 15(b) shows the air bubble when it arrives at the surface of the sea.
Rajah 15(a) menunjukkan satu gelembung udara dilepaskan oleh seorang penyelam di
dasar laut.
Rajah 15(b) menunjukkan gelembung udara itu apabila tiba di permukaan laut
Surface of the sea
Permukaan laut
Air bubble
Gelembung udara
(a)
Air bubble
Gelembung udara
(b)
The difference in the size of the air bubble can be explained by

Perbezaan dalam saiz gelembung udara itu boleh diterangkan oleh
A
B
C
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Boyle's law / hukum Boyle

Charles' law / hukum Charles
Pressure law / hukum tekanan
Diagram 16 shows an object in front of a convex lens and its image.

Rajah 16 menunjukkan suatu objek di hadapan sebuah kanta cembung dan imejnya.
10 cm
Object
Objek
Image
Imej
30 cm
What is the focal length of the lens?
Berapakah panjang fokus kanta itu?
A
B
C
D
20.00 cm
7.50 cm
6.67 cm
0.15 cm
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25
Diagram 17 shows parallel light rays directed at the surface of a concave mirror.
Rajah 17 menunjukkan sinar cahaya selari ditujukan ke permukaan cermin cekung.
Which diagram shows the path of the rays after striking the mirror?
Rajah yang manakah menunjukkan lintasan cahaya selepas terkena cermin itu?
A
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Diagram 18 shows light travelling from glass to air.

Rajah 18 menunjukkan cahaya merambat dari kaca ke udara.
Air
Udara
p
q
t
s
Glass
Kaca
The refractive index of glass is
Indeks biasan kaca ialah
A
sin s
sin p
sin p
sin s
sin t
sin q
sin q
sin t
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Diagram 19 shows a light ray travelling in medium P towards medium Q. The refractive
index of P is higher than the refractive index of Q.
Rajah 19 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya yang bergerak dalam medium P menuju ke
medium Q. Indeks biasan P lebih tinggi daripada indeks biasan Q.
Q
P
Which diagram shows a possible path of the light ray?
Rajah manakah menunjukkan lintasan sinar cahaya yang mungkin betul?
Q
A
P
Q
P
C
Q
P
Q
P
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28
An astronomical telescope has an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. The distance between
the objective lens and the eyepiece is 85 cm.
What is the magnifying power of the telescope?
Sebuah teleskop astronomi mempunyai kanta mata dengan panjang fokus 5 cm. Jarak
antara kanta objek dan kanta mata ialah 85 cm.
Berapakah kuasa pembesaran teleskop itu?
A
B
C
D
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16
17
80
90
Diagram 20 shows a transverse wave propagating from P to Q.

Rajah 20 menunjukkan suatu gelombang melintang yang merambat dari P ke Q.
P
Which is the correct direction of vibration and the direction of energy transfer between
P and Q?
Manakah arah getaran dan arah pemindahan tenaga yang betul antara P dan Q?
Direction of vibration
Arah getaran
A
B
C
D
Direction of energy transfer

Arah pemindahan tenaga
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Diagram 21 shows the propagation of water waves from region X to Y.

Rajah 21 menunjukkan perambatan gelombang air dari kawasan X ke Y.
X
vX = speed of wave in X / laju gelombang di X

vY = speed of wave in Y / laju gelombang di Y
vX
vY
Which is the correct comparison of the wave speed and depth of water in X and Y?
Perbandingan yang manakah betul bagi laju gelombang dan kedalaman air di X dan
Y?
Wave speed / Laju gelombang
Depth of water / Kedalaman air
vX > vY
X>Y
vX > vY
X<Y
vX < vY
X>Y
vX < vY
X <Y
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Diagram 22 shows a toy boat behind a barrier in a ripple tank.

Rajah 22 menunjukkan sebuah bot mainan di belakang suatu halangan di dalam sebuah
tangki riak.
Boat
Bot
Concrete barrier
Halangan konkrit
The boat moves up and down after the waves pass the barrier. This is due to ..
of the water waves.
Bot itu bergerak ke atas dan ke bawah selepas gelombang itu melalui halangan. Ini
disebabkan oleh gelombang air.
A
B
C
D
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reflection / pantulan
refraction / pembiasan
diffraction / pembelauan
interference / interferens
Which is not a property of an electromagnetic wave?

Yang manakah bukan ciri gelombang elektromagnet?
A
B
C
D
It is a transverse wave / Ia adalah gelombang melintang

It is a longitudinal wave / Ia adalah gelombang membujur
It can travel through vacuum / Ia boleh bergerak melalui vakum
It can travel through air / Ia boleh bergerak melalui udara
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Diagram 23 shows the superposition of two water waves.

Rajah 23 menunjukkan superposisi dua gelombang air.
Crest / Puncak
Trough / Palung
At which points do constructive interference occur?
Di titik manakah interferens membina berlaku?
A
B
C
D
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P and Q / P dan Q
Q and R / Q dan R
R and S / R dan S
P and S / P dan S
Someone can be heard coming round a corner of a building before he can be seen.
Which statement best explains the above situation?
Seseorang yang datang dari sebalik penjuru bangunan boleh didengar sebelum dia
boleh dilihat.
Pernyataan manakah paling sesuai untuk menerangkan situasi di atas?
A
Light travels faster than sound

Cahaya bergerak lebih laju dari bunyi
Sound travels faster than light

Bunyi bergerak lebih laju dari cahaya
Light is refracted less by air compared to sound

Cahaya kurang dibiaskan oleh udara berbanding bunyi
Sound has a longer wavelength than light

Bunyi mempunyai panjang gelombang yang lebih besar dari cahaya
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Which voltage-current graph shows that resistance increases when current increases?
Graf voltan-arus yang manakah menunjukkan rintangan bertambah apabila arus
bertambah?
A
Voltage
Voltan
B
Voltage
Voltan
Current
Arus
0
C
Voltage
Voltan
Voltage
Voltan
Current
Arus
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Current
Arus
Current
Arus
Diagram 24 shows current flowing through two resistors in series. A1 and A2 are
ammeters while V1 and V2 are voltmeters.
Rajah 24 menunjukkan arus mengalir melalui dua perintang yang disambung sesiri. A1
dan A2 adalah ammeter manakala V1 dan V2 adalah voltmeter.
A1
V1
V2
10
A2
Which is the correct comparison of the ammeter and voltmeter readings?
Perbandingan yang manakah benar tentang bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter?
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Ammeter reading / Bacaan ammeter
Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter
A1 < A2
V1 < V2
A1 > A2
V1 > V2
A1 = A2
V1 = V2
A1 = A2
V1 < V2
Diagram 25 shows a circuit in which the cell has internal resistance.

Rajah 25 menunjukkan suatu litar di mana sel itu mempunyai rintangan dalam.
V
E,r
What are the changes in the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter when the resistance
of the rheostat is decreased?
Apakah perubahan bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter apabila rintangan rheostat
dikurangkan?
Ammeter reading / Bacaan ammeter
Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter
Increases / Bertambah
Decreases / Berkurang
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Diagram 26 shows the readings of an ammeter and voltmeter connected to a resistor.

Rajah 26 menunjukkan bacaan ammeter dan voltmeter yang disambung kepada suatu
perintang.
V
A
Calculate the power released by the resistor.
Hitung kuasa yang dibebaskan pada perintang itu.
A
B
C
D
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0.72 W
7.20 W
8.00 W
19.20 W
Diagram 27 shows a compass near a straight wire XY.

Rajah 27 menunjukkan sebuah kompas berhampiran dengan dawai lurus XY.
N
K
X
E
S
Compass
Kompas
Y
Where should the compass be placed such that it will point to the East when K is
switched on?
Di manakah kompas itu harus diletakkan supaya ia menunjuk ke Timur apabila K
dihidupkan?
A
B
C
D
Above wire XY / Di atas dawai XY

Below wire XY / Di bawah dawai XY
To the left of wire XY / Di sebelah kiri dawai XY
To the right of wire XY / Di sebelah kanan dawai XY
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Diagram 28 shows a current-carrying wire between the poles of a pair of permanent

magnets.
What is the direction of the magnetic force on the wire?
Rajah 28 menunjukkan seutas dawai yang membawa arus di antara kutub-kutub
sepasang magnet kekal.
Apakah arah daya magnet pada dawai itu?
Wire / Dawai
A
D
N
C
Current / Arus
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Diagram 29 shows a bar magnet being pushed towards a solenoid.

Rajah 29 menunjukkan sebatang magnet bar ditolak ke arah sebuah solenoid.
Bar magnet / Magnet bar
P : Induced e.m.f. / D.g.e. teraruh
Q : Induced current / Arus teraruh
R : Magnetic field / Medan magnet
What is produced by the solenoid?
Apakah yang dihasilkan oleh solenoid?
A
B
C
D
P only / P sahaja
Q only / Q sahaja
P and Q / P dan Q
P, Q and R / P, Q dan R
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Which circuit shows voltage being stepped up?

Litar manakah menunjukkan voltan diinjak naik?
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In a model of transmission of electricity, 24 W of power is transmitted at 48 V using

cables with a resistance of 2 .
What is the current in the cables and the power loss?
Dalam suatu model penghantaran elektrik, kuasa 24 W dihantar pada 48 V
menggunakan kabel dengan rintangan 2 .
Berapakah arus dalam kabel dan kehilangan kuasa?
Current in the cables / Arus dalam kabel
Power loss / Kehilangan kuasa
0.5 A
0.5 W
0.5 A
1.0 W
2.0 A
4.0 W
2.0 A
8.0 W
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Diagram 30 shows a waveform on cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) screen.

Rajah 30 menunjukkan suatu bentuk gelombang pada suatu skrin osiloskop sinar katod
(OSK)
1 cm
1 cm
If the Y-input of CRO is set at 5.0 V cm1, what is the peak voltage?
Jika input-Y pada OSK dilaraskan pada 5.0 V cm1, berapakah voltan puncaknya?
A
B
C
D
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20.0 V
10.0 V
5.0 V
2.0 V
Diagram 31 shows a circuit where the bulb does not light up.
Rajah 31 menunjukkan litar di mana mentol tidak menyala.
6V
Which step will make the bulb light up?
Langkah manakah akan menyalakan mentol?
A
Inserting a fuse in the circuit

Memasang fius
Reversing the battery connection

Menyongsangkan sambungan bateri
Changing the power supply to a 3 V battery

Menukar bekalan kuasa kepada bateri 3 V
Reversing the bulb connection

Menyongsangkan sambungan mentol
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32
46
In which circuit will the bulb light up when switch S is closed?

Dalam litar manakah mentol akan menyala apabila suis S ditutup?
S
2 k
1 k
6V
10 k
2 k
2 k
2 k
1 k
1 k
6V
10 k
47
1 k
6V
6V
10 k
Diagram 32 shows a logic gate circuit.

Rajah 32 menunjukkan litar get logik.
X
Y
Z
Which truth table is correct?
Jadual kebenaran yang manakah betul?
A
B
X
0
0
1
1
Y
0
1
0
1
Z
0
0
1
1
X
0
0
1
1
C
Y
0
1
0
1
Z
1
0
0
1
X
0
0
1
1
D
Y
0
1
0
1
Z
1
0
1
0
X
0
0
1
1
Y
0
1
0
1
Z
1
1
0
0
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48
X is a nuclide with nuclide notation 137 X . Another nuclide Y has 2 protons and 3
neutrons more than X. What is the nuclide notation for Y?
X ialah nuklida dengan notasi nuklida 137 X . Suatu nuklida yang lain Y mempunyai
2 proton dan 3 neutron lebih daripada X. Apakah notasi nuklida bagi Y?
49
13
9
16
9
18
9
18
10
Diagram 33 shows a graph of activity against time for a radioactive sample.

Rajah 33 menunjukkan graf aktiviti melawan masa untuk satu sampel radioaktif.
Activity / counts per minute
Aktiviti / pembilangan per minit
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Time / minutes
Masa / minit
Pernyataan yang manakah benar?
A
The half life is 20 minutes

Separuh hayat bahan itu ialah 20 minit
After 30 minutes, 25% of the sample have not decayed

Selepas 30 minit, 25% daripada sampel itu belum mereput
After 45 minutes, the activity will be 100 counts per minute

Selepas 45 minit, aktiviti akan menjadi 100 pembilangan per minit
The activity will become zero after a few days

Aktiviti akan berkurang ke sifar selepas beberapa hari
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50
A chain reaction can occur in a reactor because during nuclear fission

Tindak balas berantai boleh berlaku di dalam sebuah reaktor sebab semasa
pembelahan nuklear
A
B
C
D
new neutrons are produced / neutron baru dihasilkan

two fission fragments are produced / dua serpihan belahan dihasilkan
a large amount of energy is released / tenaga yang banyak dibebaskan
the temperature is very high / suhu adalah sangat tinggi
END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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35
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON
1.
This question paper consists of 50 questions.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan.
2.
Answer all questions.

Jawab semua soalan.
3.
Each question is followed by either three or four options. Choose the best option for
each question and blacken the correct space on the answer sheet.
Tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh sama ada tiga atau empat pilihan jawapan. Pilih satu
jawapan yang terbaik bagi setiap soalan dan hitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas
jawapan anda.
4.
Blacken only one space for each question.

Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan.
5.
If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then
blacken the space for the new answer.
Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat.
Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru.
6.
The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.
Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
7.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram
8.
A list of formulae is provided on page 2.

Satu senarai formula disediakan di halaman 2.
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SULIT
NO. KAD PENGENALAN
ANGKA GILIRAN
NAMA: ....................... TINGKATAN: .....

SEKOLAH MENENGAH
4531/2
PHYSICS
Kertas 2
1
2 jam
2
Dua jam tiga puluh minit

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam
dwibahasa.
2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului
soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa
Melayu.
3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan
atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam
bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.
4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di
halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Markah
Markah
Bahagian Soalan
Penuh Diperoleh
1
2
3
4
A
5
6
7
8
9
B
10
11
C
12
Jumlah

SULIT
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4
Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Diagram 1.1 shows an electrical measuring instrument.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sebuah alat pengukur elektrik.
Diagram 1.1 / Rajah 1.1

(a)
(i)
(ii)
What is the physical quantity measured by this instrument?

Apakah kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh alat ini?
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Name the error found on this instrument.
Namakan ralat yang terdapat pada alat ini.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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(b)
Diagram 1.2 shows two instruments, X and Y, that can be used to measure the
thickness of a wire.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan dua alat pengukur, X dan Y, yang boleh digunakan untuk
menentukan ketebalan seutas dawai.

(i)
(ii)
Which instrument is more suitable to measure the thickness of the wire?

Alat pengukur yang manakah lebih sesuai untuk mengukur ketebalan dawai
itu?
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
State one reason for your answer in 1(b)(i).
Nyatakan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di 1(b)(i).
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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2
Diagram 2 shows ice melting in a glass. The initial mass of the ice is 0.20 kg.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan ais melebur di dalam sebuah gelas. Jisim awal ais itu ialah
0.20 kg.
Thermometer / termometer
Ice / Ais
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
(a)
Explain in terms of energy why the reading of the thermometer,

Terangkan dalam sebutan tenaga mengapa bacaan termometer itu,
(i)
(ii)
remains constant for the first 20 minutes.

kekal malar untuk 20 minit yang pertama.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
increases after 20 minutes.
meningkat selepas 20 minit.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Calculate the heat absorbed by the ice during the first 20 minutes.
[Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 105 J kg1]
Hitungkan haba yang diserap oleh ais itu semasa 20 minit yang pertama.
[Haba pendam tentu pelakuran ais = 3.36 x 105 J kg1]
[2 marks]
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(c)
Which statement correctly describes the water in the glass after it is left for a few
hours. Mark ( ) in the correct box.
Pernyataan manakah yang memerihalkan dengan betul tentang air dalam gelas
itu selepas dibiarkan selama beberapa jam. Tanda ( ) pada kotak yang betul.
There is no transfer of energy between the water and the surroundings
Tiada pemindahan tenaga antara air dan persekitaran
There is no net transfer of energy between the water and the
surroundings
Tiada pemindahan bersih tenaga antara air dan persekitaran
[1 mark]
Diagram 3 shows a block of concrete being lowered to the bottom of a lake. The
volume of the block is 2.5 m3 and its weight is 125 000 N. The density of the water in
the lake is 1 010 kg m3.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu bongkah konkrit diturunkan ke dasar sebuah tasik. Isipadu
bongkah itu ialah 2.5 m3 dan beratnya ialah 125 000 N. Ketumpatan air dalam tasik itu
ialah 1 010 kg m3.
Water
Air
Concrete block
Bongkah konkrit
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
(a)
State the SI unit for pressure.

Nyatakan unit SI bagi tekanan.
[1 mark]
(b)
State one factor that affects the pressure at a point below the surface of a liquid.
Nyatakan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan pada satu titik di bawah
permukaan cecair.
[1 mark]
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(c)
(i)
Calculate the weight of the water displaced by the block.

Hitungkan berat air yang disesarkan oleh bongkah itu.
(ii)
Calculate the tension, T, in the cable.

Hitungkan tegangan, T, dalam kabel itu.
[2 marks]
[2 marks]
Diagram 4.1 shows a transistor circuit for an alarm which is activated by heat.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan satu litar transistor bagi penggera yang diaktifkan oleh haba.
T
1 k
IB
6V

(a)
Name the component T.

Namakan komponen T.
[1 mark]
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(b)
Complete the following sentences by underlining the correct word.

Lengkapkan ayat-ayat berikut dengan menggariskan perkataan yang betul.
When T is heated up, its resistance ( decreases / increases ).
The base current, IB ( decreases / increases ) to switch on the transistor and light
up the bulb.
Apabila T dipanaskan, rintangannya ( berkurang / bertambah ).
Arus tapak, IB ( berkurang / bertambah ) untuk menghidupkan transistor dan
menyalakan mentol.
[2 marks]
(c)
Diagram 4.2 shows the trace produced by an alternating current signal on the
screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope. The time base of the oscilloscope is set at
0.02 s per division.
Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan satu surih yang dihasilkan oleh satu isyarat arus
ulangalik pada skrin sebuah osiloskop sinar katod. Dasar masa osiloskop itu
ditetapkan pada 0.02 s per bahagian.

(i)
(ii)
What is the period of the alternating current signal?

Berapakah tempoh bagi isyarat arus ulangalik itu?
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Calculate the frequency of the alternating current signal.
Hitung frekuensi bagi isyarat arus ulangalik itu.
[2 marks]
(iii) On Diagram 4.3, draw the trace produced when the frequency of the
alternating current signal is doubled.
Pada Rajah 4.3, lukis surih yang dihasilkan apabila frekuensi isyarat arus
ulangalik itu menjadi dua kali ganda.
[1 mark]
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5
Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of light entering from air into water.
Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of light entering from air into glass.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya bergerak dari udara ke dalam air.
Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan satu sinar cahaya bergerak dari udara ke dalam kaca.
Water
Air
Glass
Kaca

(a)
(i)
Compare the speed of light in water with the speed of light in air.
Banding laju cahaya dalam air dengan laju cahaya dalam udara.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)
Compare the speed of light in glass with the speed of light in air.
Banding laju cahaya dalam kaca dengan laju cahaya dalam udara.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) State the relationship between the speed of light in a medium and the
direction of bending of light in that medium.
Nyatakan hubungan antara laju cahaya dalam suatu medium dan arah
pembengkokannya dalam medium itu.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.
Namakan fenomena yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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(b)
Diagram 5.3 shows a point P at the bottom of a swimming pool appears to be at

the point Q to the observer.
Rajah 5.3 menunjukkan satu titik P pada dasar satu kolam renang kelihatan pada
titik Q kepada pemerhati itu.
Observer
Pemerhati
1.2 m
1.6 m
Q
P

(i)
Complete Diagram 5.3 by drawing light rays to show how the image of the
point P is seen at Q.
Lengkapkan Rajah 5.3 dengan melukis sinar cahaya untuk menunjukkan
bagaimana imej titik P kelihatan pada titik Q.
[2 marks]
(ii)
Calculate the refractive index of the water in the swimming pool.

Hitung indeks biasan air dalam kolam renang itu.
[2 marks]
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6
Diagram 6.1 shows the activity of a radioactive substance X and a radioactive substance
Y being measured by a Geiger-Muller tube connected to a ratemeter.
Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan aktiviti bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y diukur
oleh tiub Geiger-Muller yang disambung kepada meter kadar.
G-M tube
Tiub G-M
Ratemeter
Meter kadar
Radioactive substance X
Bahan radioaktif X
G-M tube
Tiub G-M
Ratemeter
Meter kadar
Radioactive substance Y
Bahan radioaktif Y

Diagram 6.2 shows the decay curves obtained for radioactive substance X and
radioactive substance Y.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan lengkungan pereputan yang diperoleh bagi bahan radioaktif X
dan bahan radioaktif Y.
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Activity / Counts per minute
Aktiviti / Pembilangan per minit
800
700
600
500
400
X
300
Y
200
100
0
10
15
20
25
30
Time / minutes
Masa / minit

(a)
What is the meaning of half life?

Apakah maksud separuh hayat?
[1 mark]
(b)
Based on the decay curves in Diagram 6.2,

Berdasarkan lengkungan-lengkungan pereputan dalam Rajah 6.2,
(i)
State the half life of radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y.

Nyatakan separuh hayat bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y.
X
.................................
.................................
[2 marks]
(ii)
For radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y, what percentage

remains undecayed after 10 minutes?
Bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y, berapa peratuskah yang
belum mereput selepas 10 minit?
X
.................................
.................................
[2 marks]
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(c)
Based on the answers to 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(ii), compare the decay rates of
radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y.
Hence state the relationship between decay rate and half life.
Berdasarkan jawapan-jawapan kepada 6(b)(i) dan 6(b)(ii), banding kadar
pereputan bagi bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y.
Seterusnya, nyatakan hubungan antara kadar pereputan dan separuh hayat.
[2 marks]
(d)
Give a reason why the readings of the ratemeters did not drop to zero after
radioactive substance X and radioactive substance Y were removed.
Beri satu sebab mengapa bacaan-bacaan meter kadar itu tidak kembali ke sifar
selepas bahan radioaktif X dan bahan radioaktif Y dikeluarkan.
[1 mark]
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7
Diagram 7 shows an electric motor lifting a 2.0 kg load. When the motor is switched on,
the load moved through a height of 1.5 m in 2.5 s with constant speed. The current
flowing in the circuit is 1.7 A and the potential difference across the motor is 10.0 V.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan sebuah motor elektrik sedang mengangkat satu beban 2.0 kg.
Apabila motor itu dihidupkan, beban itu bergerak melalui ketinggian 1.5 m dalam 2.5 s
dengan laju malar. Arus yang mengalir dalam litar ialah 1.7 A dan beza keupayaan
merentasi motor itu ialah 10.0 V.
Motor
Motor
Axle
Gandar
Diagram 7 / Rajah 7
(a)
(b)
State the changes in energy that occur when the motor is switched on.
Nyatakan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku apabila motor itu dihidupkan.
[1 mark]
Calculate,
Hitung,
(i) the electrical power supplied when the motor is lifting the load.
kuasa elektrik yang dibekalkan semasa motor itu mengangkat beban.
[2 marks]
(ii)
the output power of the motor when the load moved through a height of
1.5 m in 2.5 s.
kuasa output motor apabila beban itu melalui ketinggian 1.5 m dalam 2.5 s.
[2 marks]
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(iii) the efficiency of the electric motor.
kecekapan motor itu.
[2 marks]
(c)
If some of the load is removed while the motor is still lifting the load, what
change is observed on the ammeter? Explain your answer.
Jika sebahagian daripada beban dikeluarkan semasa motor itu mengangkat
beban, apakah perubahan yang diperhatikan pada ammeter? Jelaskan jawapan
anda
[2 marks]
(d)
Suggest one way to increase the efficiency of the motor.

Cadangkan satu cara untuk menambah kecekapan motor itu.
[1 mark]
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8
Diagram 8 shows the graph of force against extension for three springs P, Q and R.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan graf daya melawan pemanjangan bagi tiga spring P, Q dan R.
Force / N
Daya / N
120
Q
100
80
60
40
20
Diagram 8 / Rajah 8
(a)
(i)
10
12
Extension / cm
Pemanjangan / cm
A law states that the extension of a spring is directly proportional to the

force applied if the elastic limit of the spring is not exceeded.
Name this law.
Suatu hukum menyatakan bahawa pemanjangan seutas spring adalah
berkadar terus dengan daya yang dikenakan jika had kenyal tidak dilebihi.
Nyatakan hukum ini.
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)
On the graph in Diagram 8, mark ' X ' at the elastic limit for each spring.
Pada graf dalam Rajah 8, tandakan ' X ' pada had kenyal setiap spring.
[2 marks]
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(b)
The spring stores energy when it is extended.

Spring itu menyimpan tenaga apabila diregang.
(i) Name the energy stored in the spring when it is extended.
Namakan tenaga yang disimpan dalam spring yang diregang.
(ii)
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Calculate the energy stored in spring R when its extension is 8.0 cm.
Hitung tenaga yang disimpan dalam spring R apabila pemanjangannya
8.0 cm.
[3 marks]
(c)
The springs are to be used in a Newton balance to measure a maximum load of

mass 8 kg.
Spring-spring tersebut akan digunakan di dalam neraca Newton untuk mengukur
beban maksimum berjisim 8 kg.
(i) What is the maximum weight of the load?
Berapakah berat maksimum beban itu?
......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)
Based on Diagram 8, choose two springs which are suitable to be used in the
Newton balance specified above.
Berdasarkan Rajah 8, pilih dua spring yang sesuai untuk digunakan di
dalam neraca Newton tersebut di atas.
......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(iii) Which spring is the most suitable to be used in the Newton balance? Explain
your answer.
Spring yang manakah paling sesuai untuk digunakan di dalam neraca
Newton itu. Terangkan jawapan anda.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
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Section B
Bahagian B
[20 marks]
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
9
Diagram 9.1 shows a stationary pistol on a smooth surface.

Diagram 9.2 shows the pistol and bullet after the pistol has been fired by remote
control.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan sebuah pistol pegun di atas permukaan licin.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan pistol dan peluru selepas tembakan dilepaskan secara kawalan
jauh.
Stationary pistol
Pistol pegun
Pistol recoils at lower

speed
Pistol tersentak dengan
laju yang lebih rendah
Bullet moves at high speed

Peluru bergerak dengan
laju tinggi

(a)
(i)
What is the meaning of momentum?

Apakah maksud dengan momentum?
[1 mark]
(ii)
State the total momentum of the pistol and bullet in Diagram 9.1
Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the total momentum before
and after the bullet is fired.
Using Diagram 9.2, compare the magnitude and direction of the momentum
of the bullet and pistol.
Name the physics principle that can be applied to the motion of the bullet
and pistol.
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Menggunakan Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan jumlah momentum
sebelum dan selepas peluru itu ditembak.
Menggunakan Rajah 9.2, bandingkan magnitud dan arah momentum peluru
dan pistol.
Nyatakan prinsip fizik yang boleh diaplikasi kepada gerakan peluru dan
pistol itu.
[5 marks]
(b)
Describe, in terms of momentum, the propulsion of a rocket engine.

Terangkan, dalam sebutan momentum, rejangan sebuah enjin roket.
[4 marks]
(c)
Diagram 9.3 shows a the structure of a jet engine for a small jet plane.
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan struktur sebuah enjin jet bagi sebuah kapal terbang jet
yang kecil.
Combustion chamber
Kebuk pembakaran
Compression blades
Bilah pemampat
Turbine blades
Bilah turbin
Nozzle
Nozel
Fuel injector
Pemancut bahan api
You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the jet engine
so that it can be used on a larger jet plane that travels at a higher speed.
Using the knowledge on forces and motion and the properties of materials, explain
the suggestions based on the aspects labeled on Diagram 9.3
Anda dikehendaki memberi beberapa cadangan untuk membaiki reka bentuk enjin
jet itu supaya enjin jet itu boleh digunakan pada sebuah kapal terbang jet yang
lebih besar dan bergerak lebih laju.
Menggunakan pengetahuan tentang gerakan, daya dan sifat-sifat bahan
terangkan cadangan itu yang merangkumi aspek-aspek yang dilabel pada Rajah
9.3.
[10 marks]
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10
Diagram 10.1 shows a tuning fork vibrating near a microphone. The sound waves
detected by the microphone are displayed on a cathode-ray oscilloscope.
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan sebuah tala bunyi bergetar berhampiran dengan sebuah
mikrofon. Gelombang bunyi yang dikesan oleh mikrofon itu dipaparkan pada sebuah
osiloskop sinar katod.
When the tuning fork is struck harder, the sound produced is louder and the sound
waves produced are as shown in Diagram 10.2.
Apabila tala bunyi itu diketuk dengan lebih kuat, bunyi yang dihasilkan adalah lebih
nyaring dan gelombang bunyi yang dihasilkan adalah seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah
10.2.
a2
a1
Tuning fork
Tala bunyi
(a)
(i)
What is the meaning of longitudinal waves?

Apakah maksud gelombang membujur?
[1 mark]
(ii)
Explain how a tuning fork produces sound waves.

Jelaskan bagaimana tala bunyi menghasilkan gelombang bunyi.
[4 marks]
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(b)
Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 10.1 dan Rajah 10.2,
(i)
Compare the amplitudes of vibration of the tuning forks.

Banding amplitud getaran tala bunyi itu.
(ii)
Compare the peak values, a1 and a2, of the waves displayed by the
oscilloscope.
Banding nilai puncak, a1 dan a2, bagi gelombang yang dipaparkan pada
osiloskop.
(iii) Relate the peak values displayed by the oscilloscope to the amplitude of the
sound wave.
Hubungkan nilai-nilai puncak yang dipapar pada osiloskop dengan
amplitud gelombang bunyi.
(iv) Relate the peak value to the loudness of the sound produced.
Hubungkan nilai puncak dengan kenyaringan bunyi yang dihasilkan.
(v)
Hence, deduce the relationship between the loudness of the sound and the
amplitude of the wave.
Seterusnya, deduksikan hubungan antara kenyaringan bunyi dengan
amplitud gelombang itu.
[5 marks]
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(c)
Diagram 10.3 shows a boat using sound waves to measure the depth of the sea.
Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan sebuah bot menggunakan gelombang bunyi untuk
mengukur kedalaman laut.
Reflected sound
Bunyi terpantul
Transmitted sound
Bunyi terpancar

(i)
Using your knowledge of the nature and phenomena of waves, explain how
the following aspects of the wave affects the results obtained.
Menggunakan pengetahuan anda tentang sifat dan fenomena gelombang,
terangkan bagaimana aspek gelombang yang berikut mempengaruhi
keputusan yang diperoleh.
Frequency of the waves

Frekuensi gelombang
Energy of the waves

Tenaga gelombang
[4 marks]
(ii)
List the equipment needed for the measurement.

Senaraikan peralatan yang diperlukan untuk pengukuran itu.
[4 marks]
(iii) Explain how the depth of the sea is determined.

Terangkan bagaimana kedalaman laut ditentukan.
[2 marks]
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Section C
Bahagian C
[20 marks]
11
Diagram 11.1 shows the basic components and four processes in a refrigerator.
Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan komponen asas dan empat proses dalam sebuah peti sejuk.
Process 4 / Proses 4
The coolant absorbs heat from
the interior of the refrigerator
Bahan penyejuk menyerap haba
dari bahagian dalam peti sejuk
The compressor compresses
the coolant gas
Pemampat memampat gas
bahan penyejuk
The coolant expands and
changes from a liquid to a gas
Bahan penyejuk mengembang
dan bertukar dari cecair ke gas
Heat is removed and the gas
changes into a liquid
Haba dikeluarkan dan gas
bertukar menjadi cecair
(a)
(i)
Explain, using the kinetic theory, how the coolant changes from a gas to a
liquid in Process 2.
Jelaskan, dengan menggunakan teori kinetik, bagaimana bahan penyejuk itu
bertukar menjadi cecair dalam Proses 2.
[3 marks]
(ii)
Explain, in terms of latent heat, how the coolant removes heat in Process 3
and Process 4.
Jelaskan, dalam sebutan haba pendam, bagaimana bahan penyejuk itu
mengeluarkan haba dalam Proses 3 dan Proses 4.
[2 marks]
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(b)
Table11.1 and Table 11.2 show some characteristics of the coolants and the pipes
that carry the coolant in the refrigerator.
Jadual 11.1 dan Jadual 11.2 menunjukkan beberapa ciri bahan penyejuk dan
saluran yang membawa bahan penyejuk dalam peti sejuk itu.
Coolant
Bahan penyejuk
P
Q
R
Specific latent heat of vapourisation

Haba pendam tentu pengewapan
J kg-1
1.5 105
7.6 105
4.5 105
Boiling point
Takat didih
o
C
35
10
-10
Table 11.1 / Jadual 11.1

Pipe
Saluran
X
Y
Z
Specific heat capacity

Muatan haba tentu
J kg1 oC1
220
350
180
Diameter
Diameter
Big / Besar
Small / Kecil
Big / Besar

Explain the suitability of each characteristic of the coolant and that of the pipe so
that the refrigerator can work efficiently.
State which coolant and which pipe should be chosen.
Terangkan kesesuaian setiap ciri bahan penyejuk dan saluran supaya peti sejuk
itu boleh berfungsi dengan cekap.
Nyatakan bahan penyejuk dan saluran manakah patut dipilih.
[10 marks]
(c)
500 g of water at 30 oC is placed in the freezer of a refrigerator.

500 g air pada 30 oC diletakkan ke dalam peti pembeku sebuah peti sejuk.
[Specific latent heat of fusion of ice /
Haba pendam tentu perlakuran ais = 3.34 105 J kg1,
Specific heat capacity of water / Muatan haba tentu air = 4 200 J kg1 oC1]
(i)
Explain the meaning specific heat capacity of water is 4 200 J kg1 oC1
Terangkan maksud muatan haba tentu air = 4 200 J kg1 oC1
[1 mark]
(ii)
Calculate the heat removed when the water is cooled to 0 oC.

Hitungkan haba yang dikeluarkan apabila air itu disejukkan hingga ke 0 oC.
[2 marks]
o
(iii) Calculate the heat removed when the water at 0 C is frozen into ice at 0 oC.
Hitungkan haba yang dikeluarkan apabila air pada 0 oC dibekukan menjadi
ais pada 0 oC.
[2 marks]
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26
12
(a)
Diagram 12.1 shows a magnet being used to induce a current in a coil.

Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan sebatang magnet digunakan untuk mengaruh arus di
dalam suatu gegelung.
Magnet moved towards coil

Magnet digerakkan ke arah gegelung
G
(i)
State Lenz's law.

Nyatakan hukum Lenz.
[1 mark]
(ii)
Explain how current is induced in the coil. State the pole at X.

Terangkan bagaimana arus diaruh di dalam gegelung itu. Nyatakan kutub
di X.
[4 marks]
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(b)
Diagram 12.2 shows an alternating current generator which will be used to supply
a large direct current to an electrical component R.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan sebuah penjana arus ulangalik yang digunakan untuk
membekal suatu arus terus yang besar kepada sebuah komponen elektrik R.
Rotation / Putaran
Rectification circuit
Litar rektifikasi
Table 12.1 shows the characteristics of four alternating current generators, W, X,

Y and Z.
Jadual 12.1 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat penjana arus ulangalik W, X, Y
and Z.
Generator
Penjana
Number of turns of coil

Bilangan lilitan gegelung
Strength of magnets
Kekuatan magnet
6 000
High / Tinggi
10 000
Medium / Sederhana
9 000
High / Tinggi
5000
Medium / Sederhana
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Table 12.2 shows the characteristics of four rectification circuits, A, B, C and D to
be used with one of the generators.
Jadual 12.2 menunjukkan ciri-ciri bagi empat litar rektifikasi, A, B, C dan D yang
akan digunakan bersama satu daripada penjana itu
Rectification circuit
Litar rektifikasi
Arrangement of components
Susunan komponen
Capacitance of C
Kapasitans bagi C
One diode / Satu diod

A
Large
Besar
Small
Kecil
One diode / Satu diod

B
Four diodes / Empat diod
Large
Besar
C
C
Four diodes / Empat diod
Small
Kecil
D
C
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29
You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the four generators shown in
Table 12.1 and the four rectification circuits shown in Table 12.2.
Study the specifications of all the four generators and four rectification circuits
from the following aspects:
Number of turns of coil in the generator
Strength of the magnets in the generator
Arrangement of components in the rectification circuit
Capacitance of the capacitor in the rectification circuit.

Explain the suitability of the aspects.
State the most suitable generator and the most suitable rectification circuit to be
used.
Anda dikehendaki menyiasat ciri-ciri bagi empat penjana dalam Jadual 12.1 dan
empat litar rektifikasi dalam Jadual 12.2.
Kaji spesifikasi bagi empat penjana dan empat litar rektifikasi dari aspek berikut:
Bilangan lilitan bagi gegelung penjana
Kekuatan magnet bagi penjana
Susunan komponen dalam litar rektifikasi
Kapasitans bagi kapasitor dalam litar rektifikasi

Jelaskan aspek-aspek tersebut.
Nyatakan penjana yang paling sesuai dan litar rektifikasi yang paling sesuai
digunakan.
[10 marks]
(c)
Diagram 12.3 shows a transformer with a bulb at its output terminals. The bulb
lights up at normal brightness.
Rajah 12.3 menunjukkan sebuah transformer dengan sebuah mentol di terminal
outputnya. Mentol itu menyala dengan kecerahan normal.
IP = 0.125 A
12 V 24 W
240 V
NP
NS = 150

(i)
(ii)
State the type of transformer.

Nyatakan jenis transformer itu.
[1 mark]
Determine the value of NP.

Tentukan nilai NP.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the efficiency of the transformer.

Hitung kecekapan transformer itu.
KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
[2 marks]
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1.
This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan
Bahagian C.
2.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces
provided in the question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah
ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3.
Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your
answers for Section B and Section C on your own writing paper.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C.
Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C hendaklah ditulis dalam kertas tulis
anda sendiri.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write
down the new answer.
Jika anda hendak menukar sesuatu jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat.
Kemudian tulis jawapan yang baru.
6.
The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.
7.
A list of formulae is provided on page 2.

Satu senarai formula disediakan di halaman 2.
8.
The marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukan dalam
kurungan.
9.
You are advised to spend 90 minutes to answer questions in Section A, 30 minutes for
Section B and 30 minutes for Section C.
Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam
Bahagian A, 30 minit untuk Bahagian B dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian C.
10. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.
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SULIT
NO. KAD PENGENALAN
ANGKA GILIRAN
NAMA: ....................... TINGKATAN: .....

SEKOLAH MENENGAH
4531/3
PHYSICS
Kertas 3
1
1 jam
2
Satu jam tiga puluh minit
Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului
soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa
Melayu.
3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan
atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam
bahasa Inggeris atau bahasa Melayu.
4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di
halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.
Bahagian
Soalan
Markah
penuh
16
12
12
12
Markah
diperoleh
Jumlah

SULIT
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Section A
Bahagian A
[28 marks]
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1
A student carries out an experiment to study the relationship between the angle of
incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r, when a light ray passes from air to a
semicircular glass block. The apparatus set-up for this experiment is shown in Diagram
1.1.
Seorang murid menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara sudut
tuju, i, dan sudut biasan, r, apabila sinar cahaya merambat dari udara ke blok kaca
semibulatan. Susunan radas bagi eksperimen ini ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.1.
Semi-circular glass block
Blok kaca semibulatan
Refracted ray
Sinar biasan
r
Incident ray
Sinar tuju
To power supply
Ke bekalan kuasa
Ray box
Kotak sinar
The ray box is adjusted so that a ray of light enters the semicircular glass block at an
angle of incidence, i = 15o.
The angle of refraction, r, is measured with a protractor.
The experiment is repeated with angles of incidence, i = 30o, 45o, 60o and 75o.
The corresponding measurements made by the protractor are shown in Diagrams 1.2,
1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6.
Kotak sinar dilaraskan supaya satu sinar cahaya memasuki blok kaca semibulatan
pada sudut tuju, i = 15o.
Sudut biasan, r, diukur oleh sebuah protraktor.
Pengukuran sepadan yang dibuat oleh protraktor ditunjukkan pada Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4,
1.5 dan 1.6.
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i = 15o
sin i =
15o
r = .
sin r =
i = 30o
sin i =
r = .
30o
sin r =
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i = 45o
sin i =
45o
r = .
sin r =
i = 60o
sin i =
60o
r = .
sin r =
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i = 75o
75o
sin i =
r = .
sin r =
(a)
For the experiment described on page 2, identify:

Bagi eksperimen yang diterangkan di halaman 2, kenal pasti:
(i)
The manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan
(ii)
.......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
The responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerak balas
.......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) The constant variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan
.......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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(b)
For this part of the question, write your answers in the spaces provided in the
corresponding diagrams.
Untuk bahagian soalan ini, tulis jawapan anda dalam ruang yang disediakan
dalam rajah-rajah yang sepadan.
Based on Diagrams 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 and 1.6:
Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 dan 1.6:
(i)
Record the readings, r, of the protractor.

Catat bacaan, r, protraktor itu.
[2 marks]
(ii)
For each value of i, calculate and record the value of sin i.

Bagi setiap nilai i, hitung dan catat nilai sin i.
[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate sin r for each value of r in 1(b)(i).

Record the value of sin r.
Hitung sin r untuk setiap nilai r di 1(b)(i).
Catat nilai sin r.
(c)
[2 marks]
Tabulate your results for all values of i, sin i and sin r in the space below.
Jadualkan keputusan anda bagi semua nilai i, sin i dan sin r dalam ruang di
bawah.
[2 marks]
(d)
On the graph paper provided, plot a graph of sin i against sin r.

Pada kertas graf yang disediakan, lukis graf sin i melawan sin r.
[5 marks]
(e)
Based on your graph in 1(d), state the relationship between sin i and sin r.
Berdasarkan graf anda di 1(d), nyatakan hubungan antara sin i dan sin r.
....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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Graph of sin i against sin r

Graf sin i melawan sin r
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A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the collector
current, IC, and the base current, IB, for a transistor.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mencari hubungan antara arus
pengumpul dengan arus tapak bagi suatu transistor.
The result of this experiment is shown in the graph of IC against IB in Diagram 2.
Keputusan eksperimen itu ditunjukkan oleh graf IC melawan IB pada Rajah 2.
Graph of IC against IB
Graf IC melawan IB
IC / mA
120
100
80
60
40
20
100
200
300
400
Diagram 2 / Rajah 2
500
600
IB / A
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(a)
Based on the graph in Diagram 2,

Berdasarkan graf pada Rajah 2,
(i)
State the relationship between IC and IB.

Nyatakan hubungan antara IC dan IB.
.......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii)
Determine the value of IB when IC = 100 mA.

Show on the graph, how you determine the value of IB.
Tentukan nilai IB apabila IC = 100 mA.
Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan nilai IB.
.......................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(b)
(i)
Calculate the gradient, m, of the graph.

Show on the graph how you determine the gradient m.
Hitung kecerunan, m, bagi graf itu.
Tunjukkan pada graf bagaimana anda menentukan kecerunan m.
m =
[3 marks]
(ii)
The gradient of the graph represents amplification factor of the transistor.

What is meant by amplification factor?
Kecerunan graf mewakili faktor amplifikasi suatu transistor.
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan faktor amplifikasi?
.......................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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(c)
The emitter current, IE, is related to the base current, IB, and collector current, IC
through the formula;
Arus pengeluar, IE, ada hubungan dengan arus tapak, IB, dan arus pengumpul, IC
melalui formula;
IE = IB + IC
Determine the emitter current, IE, , when the base current, IB = 350 A.
Show on the graph, how you determine the value of collector current, IC.
Tentukan arus pengeluar apabila arus tapak, IB = 350 A. Tunjukkan pada graf
bagaimana anda mendapatkan nilai arus pengumpul, IC.
[3 marks]
(d)
State one precaution that should be taken during the experiment.

Nyatakan satu langkah berjaga-jaga yang perlu diambil semasa eksperimen
dijalankan.
....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
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11
Section B
Bahagian B
[12 marks]
Diagram 3 shows two pails, R and S, with R containing more water than S. Both the
pails are exposed to sunlight. After a few hours it was observed that the water in pail S
is hotter than the water in pail R.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan dua baldi, R dan S, dengan R mengandungi lebih banyak air
daripada baldi S. Kedua-dua baldi didedahkan kepada cahaya matahari. Selepas
beberapa jam diperhatikan air dalam baldi S lebih panas daripada air dalam baldi R.
Sunlight
Sinar matahari
Sunlight
Sinar matahari
S
R
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
Based on the information and observation:
Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian tersebut:
(a)
State one suitable inference.

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.
[1 mark]
(b)
State one suitable hypothesis.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai.
[1 mark]
(c)
With the use of apparatus such as beaker, thermometer, immersion heater and
other apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in
3(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti bikar, termometer, pemanas rendam dan
radas lain, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan
di 3(b).
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12
In your description, state clearly the following:

Dalam penerangan anda , nyatakan dengan jelas perkara berikut:
(i)
The aim of the experiment.

Tujuan eksperimen.
(ii)
The variables in the experiment.

Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials.

Senarai radas dan bahan.
(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus.
Susunan radas.
(v)
The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of

controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the
responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen yang mesti termasuk satu kaedah mengawal
pembolehubah dimanipulasi dan satu kaedah mengukur pembolehubah
bergerak balas.
(vi) The way you tabulate the data.

Cara anda menjadualkan data.
(vii) The way you analyse the data.
Cara anda menganalisis data.
[10 marks]
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13
A student who moves his ear near a vibrating tuning fork hears loud and soft sounds
alternately.
Diagram 4.1 shows the positions of loud sounds are closer together.
Diagram 4.2 shows the positions of loud sound are further apart.
Seorang pelajar yang menggerakkan telinganya dekat dengan tala bunyi yang bergetar
mendengar bunyi kuat dan lemah secara berselang-seli.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan kedudukan bunyi-bunyi kuat lebih rapat.
Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan kedudukan bunyi-bunyi kuat lebih jauh daripada satu sama
lain.
Ear of student
Telinga pelajar
Ear of student
Telinga pelajar
Arm of tuning fork

Lengan tala bunyi
L : Loud sound heard

L : Bunyi kuat didengar
Tuning fork : arms further apart

Tala bunyi : jarak antara lengan
lebih jauh
Tuning fork : arms nearer

Tala bunyi : jarak antara lengan
lebih rapat
Based on the information and observation:

Berdasarkan maklumat dan pemerhatian tersebut:
(a)
State one suitable inference.

Nyatakan satu inferens yang sesuai.
[1 mark]
(b)
State one suitable hypothesis.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis yang sesuai.
[1 mark]
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14
(c)
With the use of apparatus such as two loudspeakers, signal generator and other
apparatus, describe one experiment to investigate the hypothesis stated in 4(b).
Dengan menggunakan radas seperti dua pembesar suara, penjana isyarat dan
radas lain, terangkan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat hipotesis yang dinyatakan
di 4(b).
In your description, state clearly the following:
Dalam penerangan anda, nyatakan dengan jelas perkara berikut:
(i)
The aim of the experiment.

Tujuan eksperimen.
(ii)
The variables in the experiment.

Pembolehubah dalam eksperimen.
(iii) The list of apparatus and materials.

Senarai radas dan bahan.
(iv) The arrangement of the apparatus.
Susunan radas.
(v)
The procedure of the experiment which should include one method of

controlling the manipulated variable and one method of measuring the
responding variable.
Prosedur eksperimen yang mesti termasuk satu kaedah mengawal
pembolehuhah dimanipulasikan dan satu kaedah mengukur pembolehubah
bergerak balas.
(vi) The way you tabulate the data.

Cara anda menjadualkan data.
(vii) The way you analyse the data.
Cara anda menganalisis data.
[10 marks]

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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15

1.
This question paper consists of two sections: Section A and Section B.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian: Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.
2.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the space
provided in this question paper.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah
ditulis pada ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan ini.
3.
Answer one question from Section B. Write your answers for Section B on your own
writing paper. You may use equations, diagram, tables, graphs and other suitable
methods to explain your answers.
Jawab satu soalan daripada Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan bagi Bahagian B pada kertas
tulis anda sendiri. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf dan cara
lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
4.
Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah.
5.
The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
6.
The marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets.
Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam
kurungan.
7.
If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write
down the new answer.
Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian
tulis jawapan yang baru.
8.
You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.
9.
You are advised to spend 60 minutes to answer questions in Section A and 30 minutes
for Section B.
Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 60 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam
Bahagian A dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian B.
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4531

SEKOLAH MENENGAH
PHYSICS
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
Peraturan pemarkahan ini mengandungi 16 halaman bercetak
4531
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KEDAH DARUL AMAN
PERATURAN PEMARKAHAN
PHYSICS
PAPER
Paper 1
Paper 2
Paper 3
MARKS
50
100
40
190
Total
Jumlah markah diskalakan kepada 100%

PHYSICS
Paper 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
C
D
D
B
D
A
B
A
D
C
B
D
C
C
A
D
A
D
C
D
B
A
A
C
B
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
B
B
A
C
A
C
B
C
D
A
D
B
A
A
A
D
B
A
B
B
B
A
C
B
A
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3
PHYSICS
Paper 2
SECTION A
NO.
1 (a) (i)
MARKING CRITERIA
State the physical quantity correctly
- Voltage/potential difference
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
(ii)
State the error correctly

- Zero error//systematic error
(b) (i)
State the instrument correctly

- Y/micrometer
State the reason correctly

- The scale has a smaller division
(i)
State the explanation correctly

- energy is used to break the bonds//change the state of matter
(ii)

- energy is used to increase the kinetic energy of the molecules
Correct substitution
- 0.2 x 3.36 x 105
Correct answer and correct unit
- 6.72 x 104 J
Mark on the box correctly

- There is no net transfer of energy between the water and the
surroundings
State the unit correctly

- N m2 // kg m1 s2
(b)
State one factor correctly

- depth//density
(c) (i)
- 1010 x 2.5 x 10

- 25250 N
Show the substitution correctly
- 125000 - 25250
(ii)
2(a)
(b)
(c)
3(a)
(ii)

- 99750 N
1
6
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4
NO.
4(a)
Name component T correctly

- Thermistor//heat sensitive resistor
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
Underline the words correctly

- resistance decreases
- IB increases
1
1
(i)

- 0.08 s
(ii)
1
0.08

- 12.5 Hz
Sketch the trace correctly

- Sinusoidal with four complete cycles
(i)
Compare the speed of light correctly

- Speed of light is higher in air
(ii)
Compare the speed of light correctly

- Speed of light is higher in air
(iii)
State the relationship correctly

- If the speed of light decreases, then the light ray will bend
towards the normal
(iv)
State the phenomenon correctly

- refraction
(iii)
5(a)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
(b) (i)
(ii)
Draw the light rays correctly

- At least one light ray from point P bend away from the normal
after emerging into the air
- Extrapolate the ray to point Q
-
1
1
1
1. 6
1. 2
Correct answer with no unit in decimal

- 1.33
1
8
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5
NO.
MARKING CRITERIA
6(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
7(a)
(b)
State the meaning correctly

- Time for the activity of the radioactive substance to become half
of the original activity // Time taken for half of the mass of
radioactive substance to decay
(i)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
State the half life correctly

- X : 10 minutes
- Y : 5 minutes
1
1
(ii) State the answer correctly

- X : 50 %
- Y : 25 %
1
1
State the comparison correctly

- The decay rates for substance X is slower//vice versa
State the relationship correctly

- The shorter the half life, the higher the decay rate
Give the reason correctly

- Background radiation
State the energy changes correctly

- electrical energy to (gravitational) potential energy
(i) Correct substitution

- 1.7 x 10
- 17 W
(ii) Correct substitution
-
2x10x1.5
2. 5
Correct answer with correct unit

- 12 W
(iii) Correct substitution
1
1
12
x 100%
17
- 70.6 %
(c)
(d)
State the change on the ammeter correctly

- ammeter reading decreases
Give explanation correctly

- less work done // less power required
Give one suggestion correctly

- lubricate the moving parts to reduce friction
10
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6
NO.
8(a)
(i)
Name the law correctly

- Hookes Law
(ii)
Mark a cross on each line correctly

- All correct (2 marks)
- 1 or 2 correct (1 mark)
(b) (i)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
1+1
State the energy correctly

- Elastic potential energy
Determine the force correctly

- From the graph, F = 60 N
- (60)(8)// (60)(0.08)

- 240 N cm // 2.4 J // 2.4 N m
(i)
State the maximum weight correctly

- 80 N
(ii)
Name the two springs correctly

- Spring P
- Spring Q
(iii)
Give the choice correctly

- Spring Q
Give the explanation correctly

- More sensitive//smaller force constant
(ii)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
1+1
12
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SECTION B
NO
9(a)
MARKING CRITERIA
- Product of mass and velocity / /momentum = mass x velocity
(ii) State the total momentum in Diagram 9.1 correctly
- Zero
(b)
(c)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
1
1
Compare the total momentum correctly

- Total momentum before the bullet is fired = total momentum
after the bullet is fired.
Compare the magnitude of the momentum of the bullet and

pistol correctly
- Equal
Compare the direction of the momentum of the bullet and

pistol correctly
- Opposite
Name the physics principle correctly

- Principle of Conservation of Momentum
Describe the propulsion of a rocket engine correctly

- Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen/fuel is pump into the
combustion chamber for combustion
- The exhaust gas is ejected out of the rocket nozzle at high speed.
- The ejected exhaust gas at high speed has a large momentum.
- According to the Principle of Conservation of Momentum, the
rocket acquires a large momentum forward
1
1
1
1
State aspect of blade correctly

- Using bigger blades/increase the number of blades/increase the
speed of blade
State reason for aspect of forces and motion correctly

- Increase the air intake
State aspect of material of blade correctly

- Blade made of strong material
State reason for aspect of material of blade correctly

- Can withstand strong pressure/it will not break easily
State aspect of fuel injector correctly

- Increase the number of fuel injectors//
add more fuel injectors
State reason for aspect of fuel injector correctly

- More fuel to be burnt to produce greater thrust
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State aspect of combustion chamber correctly
- Increase the size of the combustion chamber
State reason for aspect of combustion chamber correctly

- More space for the fuel to be burnt
State aspect of nozzle correctly

- Decrease the diameter of the nozzle
State reason for aspect of nozzle correctly

- Exhaust gas ejected at higher velocity/higher momentum
10
20
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NO
10(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
- A wave in which the vibration of particles in the medium is
parallel to the direction of propagation of the wave.
Explain the production of sound waves correctly
- When a tuning fork vibrates, layers of air vibrate
- The particles of air undergo s series of compression and
rarefaction
- Sound energy is propagated through the air in the form of
waves
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
1
1
1
1
1
(i)
Compare the amplitudes of the wave form correctly

- The amplitude in Diagram 10.2 is higher
(ii)
Compare the peak values of the wave form correctly

- The peak value in Diagram 10.2 is higher
(iii)
State the relationship between amplitude and peak value

correctly
- The higher the amplitude, the higher the peak value
(iv)
State the relationship between the peak value and loudness

correctly
- The higher the peak value, the louder is the sound.
(v)
State the relationship between the loudness and the amplitude

correctly
- The higher the amplitude, the louder is the sound
(i)
Suggest the type of frequency correctly

- The boat must use high frequency sound waves
- Smaller wavelength, less diffracted
Suggest the type of energy correctly
- High energy waves
- High penetrating power
(ii)
(iii)
- The depth of the sea, d =
vt
2
1
1
1
4
Suggest the list of equipments needed for the measurement

Transmitter
Receiver
Sound generator
CRO
[Any of the three above]
State the method of measuring the time
- The time taken, t from the transmitter to the receiver is recorded
by the CRO
- The speed of the sound wave, v in water is given
1
1
1
3
20
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SECTION C
NO
11(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
MARKING CRITERIA
MARK
SUB TOTAL

- Temperature of the coolant decreases
- Speed of the molecules decreases
- Distance between molecules decreases
1
1
1

- When coolant changes from a liquid to a gas, latent heat is
required.
- Latent heat is obtained from the interior of the refrigerator.
1
1
State the specific latent heat of vaporisation and reason

correctly
1 High specific latent heat of vaporization
2 Rate of heat removed is faster
1+1
State the boiling point and reason correctly

3 Coolant with low boiling point
4 Easily can to vapour/gas
1+1
State the specific heat capacity and reason correctly

5 Low specific heat capacity
6 Can be heat up (cool down) faster
1+1
State the diameter and reason correctly

7 Big diameter
8 Can carry more coolant
1+1
State most suitable choice of coolant and justification correctly

Q
Low specific latent heat of vaporization and low boiling point
State most suitable pipe and justification correctly

Z
Low specific heat capacity and big diameter

The quantities of heat required to change the temperature of 1 kg
of water by 1 oC is 4200 J.
10
0.5 x 4200 x 30

63 000 J
0.5 x 3.34.x 105

1.67 x 105 J
5
20
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11
NO
12(a)
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
(i)
State Lenzs Law correctly

- The direction of the induced current is such as to oppose the
change causing it.
(ii)

- The solenoid experiences a change in the magnetic flux/magnetic
field (lines)
- According to Faradays Law of electromagnetic induction
- An e.m.f. is induced in the coil
- X is north pole
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
1
1
1
1
State the suitable number of turns of coil in the generator and

reason correctly
- High number of turns of coil
- Larger force acting on the coil / higher electromagnetic field
strength
1+1
State the suitable strength of the magnets in the generator and

reason correctly
- High strength magnets
- Larger force acting on the coil
1+1
State the suitable arrangement of components in the

rectification circuit
- Using 4 diodes and a capacitor
- 4 diodes to produce full-wave rectification and capacitor as a
smoother
1+1
State the suitable capacitance of the capacitor in the

rectification circuit
- Large capacitance
- To produce a constant output voltage
1+1
State most suitable choice of generator and justification

correctly
- Y and high number of turns of coil and high strength of magnets
State most suitable choice rectification circuit and justification

correctly
- C, 4 diodes and a capacitor with high capacitance
(i) State the type of transformer correctly

- Step-down transformer
(ii) Correct substitution
(240)(150)
12
Correct answer and no unit
3000
(iii) Correct substitution
24
100
(0.125)(240)
Correct answer with unit

80% // 0.8
1
5
20
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PHYSICS
Paper 3
SECTION A
NO
1(a)
MARKING CRITERIA
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
State the manipulated variable correctly

Angle of incidence / i
State the responding variable correctly

Angle of refraction / r // sin r
State the constant variable correctly

Glass block // Semicircular glass block // Refractive index
Record the readings of r correctly

Diagram 1.2 : 11o
Diagram 1.3 : 20o
Diagram 1.4 : 29o
Diagram 1.5 : 36o
Diagram 1.6 : 41o
Note : 1. All 5 values correct 2 marks
2. 3 or 4 values correct 1 mark
State the values of sin i correctly
Diagram 1.2 : 0.2588
Diagram 1.3 : 0.5000
Diagram 1.4 : 0.7071
Diagram 1.5 : 0.8660
Diagram 1.6 : 0.9659
Note : 1. Accept e.c.f. from (b)(i)
2. All 5 values correct 2 marks
4. Not necessary to have consistent number of d.p.
(iii)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
State the values of sin r correctly

All 5 values of sin r correct
Diagram 1.2 : 0.1908
Diagram 1.3 : 0.3420
Diagram 1.4 : 0.4848
Diagram 1.5 : 0.5878
Diagram 1.6 : 0.6561
Note : 1. Accept e.c.f. from (b)(i)
2. All 5 values correct 2 marks
4. Not necessary to have consistent number of d.p.
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(c)
Tabulate the results for i, sin i, r and sin r correctly

i
15o
30o
45o
60o
75o
sin i
0.2588
0.5000
0.7071
0.8660
0.9659
r
11o
20o
29o
36o
41o
sin r
0.1908
0.3420
0.4848
0.5878
0.6561
Table with 4 columns correctly labelled

sin i and sin r consistent to 2, 3 or 4 decimal places
(d)
1
1
Draw a complete graph of sin i against sin r

Give a tick () based on the following:
A sin i at the y-axis, sin r at the x-axis
B Uniform scale at both axes
C 5 points plotted correctly
[Note : 4 points plotted correctly : ]
D Straight line of best fit is drawn
E Minimum size of graph 5 x 4 big squares
(Big square : 2 cm x 2 cm)
(From the origin to the last point)
Marks awarded :
Number of
6
45
3
2
1
(e)
Marks
5
4
3
2
1
State the correct relationship between sin i and sin r

sin i is directly proportional to sin r
5
5
1
1
16
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14
NO
2(a)
MARK
SUB TOTAL
MARKING CRITERIA
(i) State the correct relationship
IC increases linearly with IB // IC is directly proportional to IB
(ii) Determine the value of IB correctly

IB = 500 A
Draw the extrapolation line to the point (500, 100) or beyond
1
1
Draw the lines IC = 100 mA and IB = 500 A

(b)
(i) Calculate the gradient of the graph, m, and state the value of m
- Draw a sufficiently large triangle
- Correct substitution (Follow candidates triangle)
- State the correct value
200
1
1
1
(ii) State the correct meaning

The ratio of the change in IC to the change in IB //
(c)
(d)
DI C
DI B
Determine the value of IE and state the correct value of IE

- Intrapolation line from IB = 350 A to the given line and from the
given line to the IC axis
- State the correct value of IC

IC = 70 mA // 70 000 A
- State the correct value of IE

70.35 mA // 70 350 A
State one correct precaution

- Position of the eyes such that line of sight is perpendicular to the
scale of the meter to avoid parallax error
- Current is switched off after readings are taken
Max
1
12
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SECTION B
NO
MARKING CRITERIA
3 (a)
State a suitable inference

The mass // volume affects the rise in temperature // temperature
State a relevant hypothesis
The greater the mass // volume, the smaller the rise in temperature
// temperature
Describe a complete and suitable experimental framework
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
State the aim of experiment

To investigate the relationship between the mass and rise in
temperature (of water)
State the manipulated variable and the responding variable
Manipulated variable
: Mass
Responding variable
: Increase in temperature
State the constant variable
Constant variable
: Heat supplied // Time of heating //
Power of the heater //
(iii)
(iv)
List out the important apparatus and materials

Beaker, water, thermometer, immersion heater, stopwatch, balance
for measuring mass
Draw or describe a functionable arrangement of the apparatus
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
State the method of controlling the manipulated variable

Put a mass of 100 g of water in a beaker
State the method of measuring the responding variable

Switch on the heater for 5 minutes and record the temperature rise.
State how the procedure is repeated to obtain at least 5 sets of

results
Repeat the experiment with 150 g, 200 g, 250 g, 300 g and 350 g
of water.
Tabulate the data
Mass of water / g
100
150
200
250
300
350
(ix)
Temperature rise / oC
State how data will be analysed

The graph of temperature rise against mass is drawn
1
1
10
Note : Mark accordingly if the manipulated variable is volume

.
12
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16
NO.
4 (a)
(b)
(c)
MARKING CRITERIA
State a suitable inference
The distance / separation between the arms affect the distance /
separation between the loud sounds
State a relevant hypothesis
The smaller the distance / separation between the arms, the greater
is the distance / separation between the loud sounds
Describe a complete and suitable experimental framework
MARK
SUB TOTAL
1
(i) State the aim of experiment

To investigate the relationship between the separation between
two loudspeakers and the distance between the position of the
loud sounds
(ii) State the manipulated variable and the responding variable

Manipulated variable : separation between loudspeakers
Responding variable
: distance between position of loud sounds
State the constant variable

Constant variable
: Frequency of the sound // wavelength of
the sound // Distance of the line of
observation to the loudspeakers
(iii) List out the important apparatus and materials

Two loudspeakers, signal generator, metre rule / measuring tape,
(microphone, cathode ray oscilloscope)
(iv) Draw or describe a functionable arrangement of the apparatus
(v) State the method of controlling the manipulated variable

The two loudspeakers are placed at a distance, a = 0.4 m apart.
(vi) State the method of measuring the responding variable

The positions of two successive loud sounds is determined and the
distance, x, between them is measured with a metre rule
(vii) State how the procedure is repeated to obtain at least 5 sets of

results
The procedure is repeated for the values of a = 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.6
m, 2.0 m and 2.4 m
(viii) Tabulate the data

a/m
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
x/m
(ix) State how data will be analyzed

A graph of x against a is drawn
1
1
10
12

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PERSIDANGAN KEBANGSAAN PENGETUA-PENGETUA

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2009

Satu jam lima belas minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 35 halaman bercetak

Hot FM is transmitted with a frequency of 88.2 MHz. This frequency is equal to

Diagram 1 shows a student holding a glass rod.

Micrometer screw gauge

Micrometer screw gauge

A student carries out an experiment where the variables are as follows:

The time taken by both trolleys are the same

Diagram 3 shows a velocity-time graph of a moving bicycle.

Which object moves with the largest acceleration?

Which vehicle has the largest momentum?

Diagram 4 shows a force acting on an object.

X and Y only / X dan Y sahaja

Diagram 5 shows an object at rest on a rough inclined plane.

Diagram 6 shows a toy car moving up a slope with constant velocity.

Potential energy / Tenaga keupayaan

Diagram 7 shows a graph of force against extension for an elastic string.

area OXY / luas OXY

Gas pressure in a closed container is due to the gas molecules

Diagram 8 shows liquid X and liquid Y in glass tubes.

PS = PT because S and T are at the same depth

The gas pressure is zero

Diagram 10 shows a crane lifting a concrete beam.

Pascal's principle / Prinsip Pascal

Which situation occurs due to atmospheric pressure?

Dented ping pong ball becomes round again when

Pouring water out of a bottle

Pressing icing onto a cake

Sucking water into a syringe

Weight of iceberg = Weight of sea water displaced

Volume of iceberg = Volume of sea water displaced

Density of iceberg = Density of sea water displaced

Diagram 12 shows cold milk being added to hot tea.

Heat gained by cold milk is equal to heat lost by hot tea

The difference in the size of the air bubble can be explained by

Boyle's law / hukum Boyle

Diagram 16 shows an object in front of a convex lens and its image.

Diagram 18 shows light travelling from glass to air.

Diagram 20 shows a transverse wave propagating from P to Q.

Direction of energy transfer

Diagram 21 shows the propagation of water waves from region X to Y.

vX = speed of wave in X / laju gelombang di X

Depth of water / Kedalaman air

Diagram 22 shows a toy boat behind a barrier in a ripple tank.

Which is not a property of an electromagnetic wave?

It is a transverse wave / Ia adalah gelombang melintang

Diagram 23 shows the superposition of two water waves.

Light travels faster than sound

Sound travels faster than light

Light is refracted less by air compared to sound

Sound has a longer wavelength than light

Ammeter reading / Bacaan ammeter

Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter

Diagram 25 shows a circuit in which the cell has internal resistance.

Voltmeter reading / Bacaan voltmeter

Diagram 26 shows the readings of an ammeter and voltmeter connected to a resistor.

Diagram 27 shows a compass near a straight wire XY.

Above wire XY / Di atas dawai XY

Diagram 28 shows a current-carrying wire between the poles of a pair of permanent