1.

Palpable purpura pada lupus terjadi pada 16,5 % pada pasien SLE dengan
vasculitis
Sumber: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9104729
2. Nilai LED:
Adults (Westergren method)

Men under 50 years old: < 15 mm/hr

Men over 50 years old: < 20 mm/hr
Women under 50 years old: < 20 mm/hr
Women over 50 years old: < 30 mm/hr
Children (Westergren method)

Newborn: 0-2 mm/hr

Newborn to puberty: 3-13 mm/hr

(sumber: http://emedicine.medscape.com)
3. Silinder (cast) pada urinalisa pasien SLE adalah 26% (sumber: Edmund J. Lewis,
Melvin M. Schwartz, Stephen M. Korbet 2010- Lupus Nephritis /
books.google.com/books?isbn=0199568057)
Silinder (cast) pada urinalisa pasien HNP adalah
4. ANA test terdapat 3 metode: immunofluoresence, ELISA, nanotechnology.
(sumber: http://labmed.ascpjournals.org/content/34/2/113.full.pdf)
5. Interprestasi dari ANA test adalah

(Sumber: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2628865/pdf/1746-1596-41.pdf)
6. Titer ANA untuk screening dan diagnostic adalah >=1/320 ANA test (+), <1/40
ANA test (-) (sumber:

http://labmed.ascpjournals.org/content/34/2/113.full.pdf)

7. Pola paling spesifik untuk ANA adalah Homogenous pattern (95% SLE) (sumber:
DF Keren - 2002/ www.researchgate.com )
8. Pola paling banyak untuk ANA adalah Homogenous pattern (54% of patients)
(sumber: http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/10/e003608.full)
9. Speckled bisa pada penyakit:
RNA polymerase types II and III
RNP

(Systemic sclerosis)

MCTD (100%)

Scl-70 Systemic sclerosis (15%-70%)

Sm

SLE (25%-30%)

SS-A Sjgren's syndrome (8%-70%) dan SLE (35%-40%)

SS-B Sjgren's syndrome (14%-60%) dan SLE (15%)
(sumber: http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com)
10. Nucleorar dot pada penyakit:
Nucleolar RNA, RNA polymerase 1 (Systemic sclerosis)

Pm-scl (Polymyositis)
(sumber: http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com)
11. Nama lain ANA panel adalah ANA profile (sumber: http://reprosource.com)
12. ANA test (+) pada lupus >=95% (sumber: www.rheumatology.org)
13. Anti ds DNA (+) pada lupus sensitivity 57%, specificity 97%. (sumber: Khumar,
yashwant. Et.al. Diagnostic Pathology. 2009)
14. kontraindikasi absolute dan relative pada penggunaan siklofosfamide:
.

Absolute Contraindications:
1) Patients with a known hypersensitivity to cyclophosphamide
2) Patients with severely depressed bone marrow function
3) Patients with a history of bladder cancer or hemorrhagic cystitis
4) Pregnancy (category D)
5) Breastfeeding
Relative Contraindications:
1) Impaired renal or hepatic function
2) Ongoing/active infection
3) History of malignancy or prior chemotherapy (consult patients oncologist)
4) Immunosuppression due to another medical condition/medication
5) Baseline leukopenia or thrombocytopenia (consult hematology)
6) Concurrent allopurinol use may lead to anincrease in cyclophosphamide levels and
prolongation in half-life
(sumber: www.med.umich.edu)