a. Data bahan
-
Mutu baja ( fy )
E baja
E beton
= 240 Mpa
= 210.000 Mpa
= 4700
fc
= 24647 Mpa
b. Data beban
a. Beban mati ( WD )
-
= 2400 kg/m2
= 18 kg/m2
Spesi tiap 1 cm
= 21 kg/m2
Keramik tiap 1 cm
= 24 kg/m2
= 250 kg/m
= 50 kg/m2
b. Beban hidup ( WL )
-
= 250 kg/m2
c. Dimensi
- Tebal plat lantai
= 12 cm
= 0,12 x 24
= 2,880
kN/m2
kN/m2
Spesi 2 cm
= 0,02 x
0,21
= 0,004
kN/m2
Keramik
= 0,5 x
0,24
= 0,12
kN/m2
3,184
kN/m2
= 2,500
kN/m2
Beban hidup ( WL )
-
Mencari Q ekuivalen
Di tinjau tiap lantai
Q ekuivalen segi tiga = 2/3 . h
= ( 1 1/3 (
ly
lx
ly
lx
)2. h )
= 1,667
Type B
= 2/3 . h
= 2/3 . 0.5
= 0,333
Type C
= ( 1 1/3 (
ly
lx
)2. h )
= 2/3 . h
= 2/3 . 1,75
= 1,167
Type E
= 2/3 . h
= 2/3 . 2
= 1,333
Type F
= ( 1 1/3 (
ly
lx
)2. h )
= ( 1 1/3 ( 5 )2. 2 )
= 0,042
Pendimensian Balok
Balok induk
)2. h )
1
1
L s/d
L
15
10
1
1
800 s/d
800 = 53,33 s/d 80
15
10
cm
diambil h = 60 cm
b
1
2
1
2
h s/d h = 60 s/d 60 = 30 s/d 40 cm
2
3
2
3
diambil b = 30 cm
Jadi dimensi balok direncanakan 30 x 60 cm
Balok anak
h
1
1
L s/d
L
15
10
1
1
500 s/d
500 = 33,33 s/d 50 cm
15
10
diambil h = 40 cm
b
1
2
1
2
h s/d h = 40 s/d 40 = 20 s/d 26,66 cm
2
3
2
3
diambil b = 20 cm
Jadi dimensi balok direncanakan 40 x 65 cm
1) Perhitungan Tangga
a. Data Tangga Dan Bordes
Tinggi lantai
350 cm
= 200 cm
Lebar tangga
350 20
2
20 cm
165 cm
30 cm
9 buah
= 9+ 1
= 10 buah
175
10
= 17,5 cm
Panjang tangga
= 270 cm
Panjang bordes
= 130 cm
= 30 cm
O (optrede)
= 20 cm
2. (O) + A
= 75 cm
2. (20) + 30
= 70 cm .. OK !
tinggi lantai
175
tg
32,95 0
panjang tan gga
270
2 tg * 1 2 *
tinggi lantai
163
tg
31,12 0
panjang tan gga
270
130
270
165
20
165
Gambar DenahTangga
optrede
tey
antrede
BC
AB
AC
AB
t
t ey
2
2
.t
15,12 10,08 cm
3
3
AB.BC
AC
17,5 * 30
17,5 2 30 2
15,12 cm
Plat Bordes
Tebal plat bordes diambil 12 cm.
c. Pembebanan
Tangga
a. Beban Mati:
= 1m x 0,2208 m x 24 kN/m3 = 5,299 kN/m
= 0,120 kN/m
= 1 kg/m
= 0,01 kN/m
Berat spesi ( 2 cm )
= 1 m x 0,21 kN/m2 x 2
= 0,420 kN/m
qD1 = 5,849 kN/m
b. Beban Hidup
qL1 = 1 m x 3 kN/m2 = 3 kN/m ( 3 orang berdampingan )
c.Beban Terfaktor
Wu1 = 1,2. qD1 + 1,6. qL1
= 1,2. 5,849 + 1,6. 3 = 11,819 kN/m
Bordes
a. Beban Mati
= 1m x 0,12 m x 24 kN/m3
= 2,880 kN/m
= 0,120 kN/m
= 1 m x 0,21 kN/m2 x 2
= 0,420 kN/m
qD2 = 3,420 kN/m
b. Beban Hidup
qL2 = 1 m x 3 kN/m2 = 3 kN/m
c.Beban Terfaktor
Wu2 = 1,2. qD2 + 1,6. qL2S
= 1,2. 3,420 + 1,6. 3
= 8,904 kN/m
Untuk perhitungan pembebanan digunakan program SAP 2000
DL2
LL2
DL1
LL1
a).
= 12,90 kNm
Mlap 1
= 5,72 kNm
Mtump 3
= 12,90 kNm
Mlap 3
= 5,72 kNm
b).
Momen bordes :
Mtump
= 6,98 kNm
Mlap
= 2,66 kNm
2) Analisa tulangan
1,4
min
1,4
= fy =
= 0,0058
240
maks = 0,75 x b
0,85. .fc '
600
x
fy
600 f y
= 0,75.
600
0,85.0,85.27,5
x
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75.
a).
Mu
12,90.10 6
2,232
=
.b.d 2
0,8.1000.85 2
f y f 2,36.
2
y
akt
1,18.
f y2
f c'
f y2
f c'
.k
=
1,18
240 2
2,232
27,5
240 2
27,5
= 0,0098
kNm
Mu
5,72.10 6
0,989
.b.d 2
0,8.1000.85 2
f y f 2,36.
2
y
akt
1,18.
f y2
f c'
f y2
f c'
.k
240 2
0,989
27,5
240 2
1,18
27,5
= 0,0042
Pada bordes
d = h p 14
= 150 20 8 . 14 = 85 mm
Bordes tumpuan
Mumax = 6,98
k
kNm
Mu
6,98.10 6
1,208
.b.d 2
0,8.1000.85 2
f y f 2,36.
2
y
akt
1,18.
f y2
f c'
f y2
f c'
.k
240 2
1,208
27,5
240 2
1,18
27,5
= 0,0052
kNm
Mu
2,66.10 6
0,460
.b.d 2
0,8.1000.85 2
f y f 2,36.
2
y
akt
1,18.
f y2
f c'
.k
f y2
f c'
=
1,18
240 2
0,460
27,5
240 2
27,5
= 0,0019
As
Tulangan
As terpasang
( mm2 )
Terpasang
( mm2 )
0,0098
833,000
14 - 150 mm
1026,300
0,0058
0,0052
493,000
14 - 300 mm
513,100
2,232
0,0058
0,0098
833,000
14 - 150 mm
1026,300
5,72
0,989
0,0058
0,0042
493,000
14 - 300 mm
513,100
Mlap 2
2,66
0,460
0,0058
0,0019
493,000
14- 300 mm
513,100
Mlap 3
5,72
0,989
0,0058
0,0042
493,000
14 - 300 mm
513,100
Mult
Momen
Mtp1
12,90
Mtp2
min
2,232
0,0058
6,98
1,208
Mtp3
12,90
Mlap 1
( Mpa )
PERENCANAAN PLAT
Lx=400
Ly = 500
1)
= 500 cm
Lx
= 400 cm
Ly 500
1,25
Lx 400
2)
L
0,4
28
5000
0,4
28
240
= 72,014 mm
700
Pembebanan
Beban mati ( WD )
-
= 0,12 x 24
= 2,880
kN/m2
kN/m2
Spesi 2 cm
= 0,02 x
0,21
= 0,004
kN/m2
Keramik
= 0,5 x
0,24
= 0,12
kN/m2
3,184
kN/m2
= 2,500
kN/m2
Beban hidup ( WL )
-
WU = 1,2 x WD + 1,6 x WL
= 1,2 x 3,184 + 1,6 x 2,50 = 7,821 kN/m2
4)
Ly=500
MtA
= 1/16 . WU . L2
= 1/16 . 7,821. 5002
= 12,220 kNm
MtB
= 1/9 . WU . L2
= 1/9 . 7,821. 5002
= 21,725 kNm
Mlap
= 1/14 . WU . L2
= 1/14 . 7,821. 5002
= 13,966 kNm
5)
Perhitungan tulangan
a).
Tumpuan A & B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
12,220 10 6
1,692
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
=
1,18
min
240 2
27,5
= 0,0073
1,4
= fy
=
max
240 2
1,692
27,5
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
Tumpuan B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
21,725 10 6
3,009
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
=
1,18
min
240 2
27,5
= 0,0135
1,4
= fy
=
max
240 2
3,009
27,5
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600
fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
Lapangan A-B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
13,966 10 6
1,934
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
fc'
fy 2
k
fc'
=
1,18
min
240 2
27,5
= 0,0084
1,4
= fy
=
max
240 2
1,934
27,5
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
Plat luifel
Ly=100
Lx=400
6)
= 100 cm
Lx
= 400 cm
Ly 400
7)
L
0,4
28
1000
0,4
28
fy
700
240
= 14,871 mm
700
8)
Pembebanan
Beban mati ( WD )
-
= 0,12 x 24
= 2,880
kN/m2
kN/m2
Spesi 2 cm
= 0,02 x
0,21
= 0,004
kN/m2
Keramik
= 0,5 x
0,24
= 0,12
kN/m2
3,184
kN/m2
= 2,500
kN/m2
Beban hidup ( WL )
-
WU = 1,2 x WD + 1,6 x WL
= 1,2 x 3,184 + 1,6 x 2,50 = 7,821 kN/m2
9)
Lx=400
= 1/16 . WU . L2
MtA
MtB
= 1/14 . WU . L2
= 1/14 . 7,821. 4002
= 8,938 kNm
10)
Perhitungan tulangan
d).
Tumpuan A & B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
7,821 10 6
1,083
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
fc'
fy 2
k
fc'
=
1,18
240 2
1,083
27,5
240 2
27,5
= 0,0046
1,4
min
= fy
=
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
max
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
dipakai min
As = min . b . d
= 0,0058 . 1000 . 95
= 551 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 10 100 mm As = 785,4 mm2
Jarak maksimum tulangan = 3.h atau 500 mm
Smax = 3.120
= 360 mm > 100 mm OK
Menentukan tulangan suhu dan susut
SK SNI T-15-1991-03 tidak mengatur untuk tulangan polos, maka dipakai
persyaratan dari PBI 1971
Assus = 0,0025.b.h
= 0,0025.1000.120 = 300 mm2
atau
Assus = 20% . As pokok
= 20% . 551 = 110,2 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 10 250 mm As = 314 mm2
e).
Tumpuan B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
13,904 10 6
1,925
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
=
1,18
min
240 2
27,5
= 0,0084
1,4
= fy
=
max
240 2
1,925
27,5
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
dipakai
As = . b . d
= 0,0084 . 1000 . 95
= 714 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 10 100 mm As = 785,4 mm2
Jarak maksimum tulangan = 3.h atau 500 mm
Smax = 3.120
= 360 mm > 100 mm OK
Menentukan tulangan suhu dan susut
SK SNI T-15-1991-03 tidak mengatur untuk tulangan polos, maka dipakai
persyaratan dari PBI 1971
Assus = 0,0025.b.h
= 0,0025.1000.120 = 300 mm2
atau
Assus = 20% . As pokok
Lapangan A-B
tebal selimut beton
= 20 mm
Mu
= b d2
=
8,938 10 6
1,238
0,8 1000 95 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
min
240 2
1,18
27,5
= 0,0053
1,4
= fy
=
max
240 2
1,238
27,5
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
dipakai min
As = min . b . d
= 0,0058 . 1000 . 95
= 551 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 10 100 mm As = 785,4 mm2
Jarak maksimum tulangan = 3.h atau 500 mm
Smax = 3.120
Arah
MtA
0,0073
min
0,0058
max
0,044
As
511
Tulangan
10 100 mm
MtB
0,0135
0,0058
0,044
511
10 100 mm
Mlap
MtA
0,0084
0,0046
0,0058
0,0058
0,044
0,044
511
511
10 100 mm
10 100 mm
MtB
0,0084
0,0058
0,044
511
10 100 mm
Mlap
0,0053
0,0058
0,044
511
10 100 mm
= b . ( h - t ) . 2400
= 20 . ( 40 0,12 ) . 2400
= 191,42 kg/m
- Plat lantai
- Berat dinding
= 3,00 . 250
= 750 kg/m
- Beban mati
DL = 9,68 KN/m
* Beban hidup
LL = 0,21 KN/m
As B3- B4
* Beban mati
- Berat sendiri
= b . ( h - t ) . 2400
= 20 . ( 40 0,12 ) . 2400
= 191,42 kg/m
- Plat lantai
= 1,167 . 318,4
= 371,57 kg/m
- Berat dinding
= 3,00 . 250
= 750 kg/m
- Beban mati
* Beban hidup
DL = 13,13 KN/m
LL = 2,92 KN/m
= b . ( h - t ) . 2400
= 30 . ( 60 0,12 ) . 2400
= 431,1 kg/m
- Plat lantai
- Berat dinding
= 3,00 . 250
= 750 kg/m
- Beban mati
* Beban hidup
As B3 C3
DL = 16,81 KN/m
* Beban mati
- Berat sendiri
= b . ( h - t ) . 2400
= 30 . ( 60 0,12 ) . 2400
= 431,1 kg/m
- Plat lantai
= 1,333 . 318,4
= 424,43 kg/m
- Berat dinding
= 3,00 . 250
= 750 kg/m
- Beban mati
* Beban hidup
1)
DL = 16,05 KN/m
LL = 3,33 KN/m
h
As
b
mm
Selimut beton
40
mm
Tulangan utama
19
mm
tulangan sengkang
mm
d efektif
= h p - tul.sengkang tul.utama
= 400 40 8 9,5
= 342,50 mm
min
1,4
= fy
1,4
= 0,0058
240
=
max
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
akt
Mu
44,59.10 6
2,376
2
.b.d
0,8.200.342,5 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
240 2
2,376
27,5
240 2
1,18
27,5
= 0,010
min < akt < maks = 0,0058 < 0,010<0,044 dipakai min = 0,010
Luas tulangan As = min.b.d
= 0,010x 200 x 342,5
= 685 mm2
h
As
b
mm
Selimut beton
40
mm
Tulangan utama
19
mm
tulangan sengkang
mm
d efektif
= h p - tul.sengkang tul.utama
= 400 40 8 9,5
= 342,50 mm
min
1,4
= fy
1,4
= 0,0058
240
=
max
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
akt
Mu
44,59.10 6
2,213
2
.b.d
0,8.200.342,5 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
=
1,18
240 2
2,213
27,5
240 2
27,5
= 0,0097
min < akt < maks = 0,0058 < 0,0097<0,044 dipakai min = 0,0097
Luas tulangan As = min.b.d
= 59,99 . 103
= 59,99 kN
1
. fc'.b w .d
6
1
. 27,5.200.342,5
6
= 59,869 kN
Vc
Vc = . 35,921
= 17,960 kN
59,99
Vu
- Vc = 0,6 59,869 = 40,114 kN
A v .fy.d
Vs
157,08.240.342,5
40,114.10 3
= 321,88 mm
smaks =
d
342,5
171,25 mm
2
2
Vu maks
59,99
= 100,30 mm
selanjutnya digunakan sengkang 10 200 mm.
2)
h
As
b
mm
Selimut beton
40
mm
Tulangan utama
25
mm
tulangan sengkang
8 mm
d efektif
= h p - tul.sengkang tul.utama
= 600 40 8 12,5
= 542,00 mm
min
1,4
= fy
1,4
= 0,0058
240
=
max
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
akt
Mu
228,86 .10 6
3,246
=
.b.d 2
0,8.300.542 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
k
fc'
fy 2
fc'
240 2
3,246
27,5
240 2
1,18
27,5
= 0,015
min < akt < maks = 0,0058 < 0,015< 0,044 dipakai min = 0,0015
Luas tulangan As = min.b.d
= 0,015x 300 x 542
= 2439,00 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 5 D 25 = 2454,8 mm2
h
As
b
mm
Selimut beton
40
mm
Tulangan utama
25
mm
tulangan sengkang
8 mm
d efektif
= h p - tul.sengkang tul.utama
= 600 40 8 12,5
= 542,00 mm
min
1,4
= fy
=
max
1,4
= 0,0058
240
0,85 fc'
600
fy
600 fy
= 0,75
600
0,85 27,5 0,85
= 0,044
240
600 240
= 0,75
akt
Mu
160,70 .10 6
2,279
2
.b.d
0,8.300.542 2
fy fy 2 2,36
=
1,18
fy 2
fc'
fy 2
k
fc'
=
1,18
240 2
3,246
27,5
240 2
27,5
= 0,010
min < akt < maks = 0,0058 < 0,010< 0,044 dipakai min = 0,010
Luas tulangan As = min.b.d
= 0,010x 300 x 542
= 1626,00 mm2
Dipakai tulangan 4 D 25 = 1965,5 mm2
= 148,80 . 103
= 148,80 kN
1
. fc'.b w .d
6
1
. 27,5 .300.542
6
= 142,64 kN
Vc
Vc = . 85,584
= 42,792 kN
148,80
Vu
- Vc = 0,6 142,64 = 105,36 kN
A v .fy.d
Vs
157,08.240.542
105,36.10 3
= 193,93 mm
smaks =
d
542
271 mm
2
2
Vu maks
148,80
= 169,94 mm
selanjutnya digunakan sengkang 10 200 mm.