UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER

JURUSAN TEKNIK KELAUTAN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
ITS
2009

BAGUS RENGGA

4307 100 020

JURUSAN TEKNIK KELAUTAN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI KELAUTAN
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER
SURABAYA
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NOMOR 1....
FORMULASI
MATRIX
DAN
DEFLEKSINYA

Diketahui :
b

3
D

P = 2 Kn
A1 = 6 cm2 = 6 x 10-4 m2
A2 = 4 cm2 = 4 x 10-4 m2
A3 = 2 cm2 = 2 x 10-4 m2
E aluminiun = 75 Gpa = 75
x 106 Kn/m
L = 1 m

Ditanya :
Formulasi Matriks
[K] {} = {P}
Defleksi di titik D ?

Jawab
Gunakan metode Potensial Energi Total (PET)
Pet = Ut Lp
Ut = 1/2 Cn (l)2
Lp = P
Ut = C1 (lb )2 + C2 (lc )2 + C3 (lD )2

Dengan :
C1 = EA1/L = 6 x 10-4 E/L
C2 = EA2/L = 4 x 10-4 E/L
C3 = EA3/L = 2 x 10-4 E/L
(lb ) = b = b
(lc ) = b + c = d
(ld ) = b + c + d = d

Lp = b (P1 + P2 + P2) + c (P2 + P3) + d (P3)

= b (3P) + c (2P) + d (P)

Maka
PET = [ ()(6x10-4(Eb)2/L) + ()(4x10-4(Ec)2/L)
+ ()(2x10-4(Ed)2/L) ] [3pb + 2Pc + Pd]
Untuk mendapatkan formulasi matriksnya, maka
persamaan PET harus diturnkan terhadap defleksi
pada masing-masing titik yang mengalami
defleksi.

Sehingga
PET/b = 0
={[ ()(6x10-4E(b)2/L) + ()(4x10-4E(c)2/L) +
()(2x10-4E(d)2/L) ] [3pb + 2Pc + Pd] } / b =
0
=[ ()(12x10-4Eb/L) ] [3p] = 0
= [ ()(12x10-4Eb/L) ] = [3p] [E1]

PET/c = 0
={[ ()(6x10-4E(b)2/L) + ()(4x10-4E(c)2/L) +
()(2x10-4E(d)2/L) ] [3pb + 2Pc + Pd] } / c =
0
=[ ()(8x10-4Ec/L) ] [2p] = 0
= [ ()(8x10-4Ec/L) ] = [2p] [E2]

PET/d = 0
={[ ()(6x10-4E(b)2/L) + ()(4x10-4E(c)2/L) +
()(2x10-4E(d)2/L) ] [3pb + 2Pc + Pd] } / d =
0

=[ ()(4x10-4Ed/L) ] [p] = 0
= [ ()(8x10-4Ed/L) ] = [p] [E3]

Sehingga
[ ()(12x10-4Eb/L) ] = [3p] [E1]
[ ()(8x10-4Ec/L) ] = [2p] [E2]
[ ()(8x10-4Ed/L) ] = [p] [E3]

Maka formulasi matriksnya adalah :

[K] {} = {P}

Mencari defleksi di tiap elemen batang :

Dengan
E aluminium = 75 x 106 KN/m
P = 2 KN

[ ()(12x10-4Eb/L) ] = [3p]
b = 3LP/ 12x10-4E
= 3(1)(2) / (12x10-4(75 x 106))
= 6.667 x 10-5 m
[ ()(8x10-4Ec/L) ] = [2p]
c = 2LP/ 12x10-4E
= 2(1)(2) / (8x10-4(75 x 106))
= 6.667 x 10-5 m
[ ()(8x10-4Ec/L) ] = P
d = LP/ 8x10-4E
= (1)(2) / (4x10-4(75 x 106))
= 6.667 x 10-5 m

Defleksi di titik D adalah

total

= b + c + d

= 6.667 x 10-5

+ 6.667 x 10-5 + 6.667 x 10-5

= 20.001 x 10-5 m

NOMOR 2....
PENENTUAN
NILAI
LENDUTAN

Sebuah jacket sederhana dibuat dari baja dan dikenai gaya-gaya seperti
gambar di bawah. Batang vertikal mempunyai diameter 60 cm dan
tebal 5 cm. Batang horizontal berdiameter 50 cm dan tebal 3 cm. Batang
diagonal memiliki diameter 40 cm dan tebal 2 cm. Tentukan:
-Lendutan horizontal di titik H
-Lendutan vertikal di titik H
-Lendutan horizontal di titik D
Asumsi awal tarik (+)

PENYELESAIAN
Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan
MB = 0
RA.10 + 2.10 + 2.20 + 4.30 + 2.10 + 2.20 + 4.30 20.10 = 0
RA.10 + 20 + 40 + 120 + 20 + 40 + 120 200 = 0
RA.10 + 40 + 80 + 240 200 = 0
RA = 40 80 240 + 200
10
RA = 16 KN (tarik)

Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

MA = 0
-RB.10 + 2.10 + 2.20 + 4.30 + 2.10 + 2.20 + 4.30 + 20.10 = 0
-RB.10 + 40 + 80 + 240 + 200 = 0
RB = 40 + 80 + 240 + 200
10
RB = 56 KN (tekan)

Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

H = 0
RAH + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 4 + 4 = 0
RAH + 16 = 0
RAH = - 16 KN (tekan)

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint B
V = 0
RB + S4 = 0

H = 0
S2 = 0

56 + S4 = 0
S4 = - 56 KN (tarik)
S4 = 56 KN (tekan)

S4

S2

Rb

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint A
V = 0
-RA + S1 + S3Sin = 0
-16 + S1 + S3Sin45 = 0
S1 = 0

H = 0
-RA + S2 + S3Cos = 0
-16 + 0 + S3Cos45 = 0
S3 = 22,63 KN (tarik)

S4

S3

S2

RaH

Ra

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint D
V = 0
-S4 S8 + S3Sin = 0
-56 + S8 + 16 = 0
S8 = - 40 KN (tarik)
S8 = 40 KN (tekan)

H = 0
S6 - 2 + S3Cos = 0
S6 - 2 + 16 = 0
S6 = -14 KN (tarik)
S6 = 14 KN (tekan)

S8

S6

S3

S4

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint C
V = 0
-S1 S5 + S7Sin = 0
0 S5 + 12 = 0
S5 = - 12 KN (tarik)
S5 = 12 KN (tekan)

H = 0
P + S6 + S7Cos = 0
2 - 14 + S7Cos = 0
S7 = 16,8 KN (tarik)

S5

S7

S6

S1

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint F
V = 0
S12 + S8 - S7Sin = 0
S12 + 40 - 12 = 0
S12 = - 28 KN (tarik)
S12 = 28 KN (tekan)

H = 0
S10 - P + S7Cos = 0
S10 - 2 + 12 = 0
S10 = - 10 KN (tarik)
S10 = 10 KN (tekan)

S12

S10

S7

S8

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint E
V = 0
S9 + S11 + S11Sin = 0
S9 + 8 + 12 = 0
S9 = - 20 KN (tarik)
S9 = 20 KN (tekan)

H = 0
-S10 + P + S11Cos = 0
-S10 + 2 - 12 = 0
S11 = 11,31 KN (tarik)

S9

S11

S10

S5

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint H
V = 0
P - S12 + S11Sin = 0
20 - 28 + 8 = 0
0=0
Terbukti !!

H = 0
S13 - P + S11Cos = 0
S10 - 4 + 8 = 0
S13 = - 4 KN (tarik)
S13 = 4 KN (tekan)

S13

S11

S12

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint G
V = 0
S9 - P = 0
20 - 20 = 0
0=0
Terbukti!!

H = 0
P S13 = 0
4-4=0
0=0
Terbukti!!

S13

S9

PERHITUNGAN EA
EA BATANG HORIZONTAL
E baja = 83.106 KN/M2
EA = (83.106).1/4.3,14.(D2 - d2)
EA = (83.106).(1/4).(3,14).(0,52 0,44d2)
EA = 3,68.106 KN

EA BATANG VERTIKAL
EA = (83.106).1/4.3,14.(D2 - d2)
EA = (83.106).(1/4).(3,14).(0,62 0,5d2)
EA = 7,138.106 KN

EA BATANG DIAGONAL
EA = (83.106).1/4.3,14.(D2 - d2)
EA = (83.106).(1/4).(3,14).(0,42 0,36d2)
EA = 7,138.106 KN

PENYELESAIAN
Pengaruh P di titik H

A) Menyebabkan Horizontal di
titik H (HH)
Reaksi Perletakan di titik A
MB = 0
RA.10 + P.30 = 0
RA.10 + 1.30 = 0
RA = 30 KN (tarik), mengarah

kebawah
MA = 0

-RB.10 + P.30 = 0
-RB.10 + 1.30 = 0
RB = 3 KN (tekan),mengarah

keatas

H = 0
RAH P = 0
RAH = P
RAH = 1 KN

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint B
V = 0
RB + S4 = 0

H = 0
S2 = 0

3 + S4 = 0
S4 = - 3 KN (tarik)
S4 = 3 KN (tekan)

S4

S2

Rb

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint A
V = 0
-RA + S1 + S3Sin = 0
-3 + S1 + 1 = 0
S1 = 2 KN (tarik)

H = 0
-RA + S2 + S3Cos = 0
-1 + 0 + S3Cos45 = 0
S3 = 1,4 KN (tarik)

S1

S3

S2

RaH

Ra

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint D
V = 0
-S4 + S8 - S3Sin = 0
3 + S8 - 1 = 0
S8 = - 2 KN (tarik)
S8 = 2 KN (tekan)

H = 0
S6 + S3Cos = 0
S6 + 1 = 0
S6 = -1 KN (tarik)
S6 = 1 KN (tekan)

S8

S6

S3

S4

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint C
V = 0
-S1 + S5 + S7Sin = 0
-2 + S5 + 1 = 0
S5 = 1 KN (tarik)

H = 0
S6 + S7Cos = 0
-1 + S7.0,5.1,4 = 0
S7 = 1,4 KN (tarik)

S5

S7

S6

S1

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint F
V = 0
S12 - S8 - S7Sin = 0
S12 + 2 - 1 = 0
S12 = - 1 KN (tarik)
S12 = 1 KN (tekan)

H = 0
S10 + S7Cos = 0
S10 + 1 = 0
S10 = - 1 KN (tarik)
S10 = 1 KN (tekan)

S12

S10

S7

S8

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint E
V = 0
S9 - S5 + S11Sin = 0
S9 - 1 + 1 = 0
S9 = 0

H = 0
S10 + S11Cos = 0
1 S11Cos = 0
S11 = 1,4 KN (tarik)

S9

S11

S10

S5

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint H
H = 0
S13 - P + S11Cos = 0
S10 - 1 + 1 = 0
S13 = 0

V = 0
S12 + S11Sin = 0
S12 + 1 = 0
S12 = -1 KN (tarik)
S12 = 1 KN (tekan)
S13

S11

S12

TABEL LENDUTAN HORIZONTAL

Tabel Lendutan Horizontal di titik H

Batang
AC
AB
AD
BD
CE
CD
CF
DF
EG
EF
EH
FH
GH

Ni
0
0
22,4
-56
-12
-14
16,8
-40
-20
-10
11,2
-28
-4

Ni^
2
0
1,4
-3
1
-1
1,4
-2
0
-1
1,4
-1
0

EA
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
3,68.106

Li
10
10
14
10
10
10
14
10
10
10
14
10
10

Jadi Lendutan Horizontal di titik H

(Ni^.N.Li)/EA
0
0
2,28. 10-4
2,35.10-4
2,38. 10-5
3,8. 10-5
1,71. 10-6
1,12.10-4
0
2,7. 10-5
1,14. 10-4
-39,23.10-5
0
= 9,88. 10-4 m

PENYELESAIAN
Pengaruh P di titik H

B) Menyebabkan Vertikal di titik

H (Hv)
Reaksi Perletakan di titik A
MB = 0
RA.10 = 0
RA.10 = 0
RA = 0
MA = 0
-RB.10 - P.10 = 0
-RB.10 - P.10 = 0
RB = -1 KN (tarik),mengarah

kebawah

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint B
V = 0
RB + S4 = 0

H = 0
S2 = 0

-1 + S4 = 0
S4 = 1 KN (tarik)

S4

S2

Rb

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint A
V = 0
-RA + S1 + S3Sin = 0
0 + S1 + 0 = 0
S1 = 0 KN

H = 0
-RA + S2 + S3Cos = 0
-0 + 0 + S3Cos45 = 0
S3 = 0 KN

S1

S3

S2

Ra

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint D
V = 0
S4 + S8 + S3Sin = 0
-1 + S8 - 0 = 0
S8 = 1 KN (tarik)

H = 0
S6 + S3Cos = 0
S6 + 0 = 0
S6 = 0 KN

S8

S6

S3

S4

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint C
V = 0
-S1 + S5 + S7Sin = 0
0 + S5 + 0 = 0
S5 = 0 KN

H = 0
S6 + S7Cos = 0
0 + S7Cos = 0
S7 = 0 KN

S5

S7

S6

S1

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint F
V = 0
S12 - S8 - S7Sin = 0
S12 - 1 + 0 = 0
S12 = 1 KN (tarik)

H = 0
S10 + S7Cos = 0
S10 + 0 = 0
S10 = 0 KN

S12

S10

S7

S8

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint E
V = 0
S9 - S5 + S11Sin = 0
S9 - 0 + 0 = 0
S9 = 0

H = 0
S10 + S11Cos = 0
S11Cos = 0
S11 = 0 KN

S9

S11

S10

S5

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint H
H = 0
S13 + S11Cos = 0
S13 + 0 = 0
S13 = 0

V = 0
P - S12 - S11Sin = 0
S11Sin - 1 + 1 = 0
S11 = 0

S13

S11

S12

TABEL LENDUTAN HORIZONTAL

Tabel Lendutan Vertikal di titik H

Batang
AC
AB
AD
BD
CE
CD
CF
DF
EG
EF
EH
FH
GH

Ni
0
0
22,6
-56
-12
-14
16,8
-40
-20
-10
11,2
-28
-4

Ni^
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0

EA
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,168.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
3,98.106

Li
10
10
14
10
10
10
14
10
10
10
10
10
14

Jadi Lendutan Vertikal di titik H

(Ni^.N.Li)/EA
0
0
0
-78,45.10-6
0
0
0
-56,04. 10-6
0
0
0
-39,23. 10-6
0
= -17,372. 10-5 m

PENYELESAIAN
Pengaruh P di titik H

C) Menyebabkan Horizontal di
titik D (DH)
Reaksi Perletakan di titik A & B
MB = 0
RA.10 + P.10 = 0
RA = -1 KN (tarik), mengarah

kebawah

MA = 0
-RB.10 + P.10 = 0
-RB.10 + P.10 = 0
RB = 1 KN (tekan), mengarah ke

atas

H = 0
RAx P = 0
RAx = P
RAx = 1 KN

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint H
H = 0
S13 + S11Cos = 0
0 + S11 = 0
S11 = 0

V = 0
S11 + S12 = 0
0 + S12 = 0
S12 = 0

S13

S11

S12

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint E
V = 0
S9 - S5 + S11Sin = 0
0 - S5 + 0 = 0
S5 = 0

H = 0
S10 + S11Cos = 0
S10 + 0 = 0
S10 = 0 KN

S9

S11

S10

S5

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint F
V = 0
S12 - S8 - S7Sin = 0
0 - S8 + 0 = 0
S8 = 0 KN (tarik)

H = 0
S10 + S7Cos = 0
0 + S7 = 0
S7 = 0 KN

S12

S10

S7

S8

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint C
V = 0
-S1 + S5 + S7Sin = 0
-S1 + 0 + 0 = 0
S1 = 0 KN

H = 0
S6 + S7Cos = 0
S6 + 0 = 0
S6 = 0 KN

S5

S7

S6

S1

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint D
V = 0
-S4 + S8 - S3Sin = 0
-S4 + 0 - 1 = 0
S4 = -1 KN (tarik)
S4 = 1 KN (tekan)

H = 0
1 - S6 - S3Cos = 0
1 - 0 + S3Cos = 0
S3Cos = 1
S3 = 1,4 KN

S8

S6

S3

S4

PERHITUNGAN JOINT
Joint A
V = 0
-RA + S1 + S3Sin = 0
-1 + o + 1 = 0
0 = 0 KN

H = 0
-RA + S2 + S3Cos = 0
-1 + S2 + 1 = 0
S2 = 0 KN

S1

RaX

S3

S2

Ra

TABEL LENDUTAN HORIZONTAL

Tabel Lendutan Horizontal di titik D

Batang
AC
AB
AD
BD
CE
CD
CF
DF
EG
EF
EH
FH
GH

Ni
0
0
22,4
-56
-12
-14
16,8
-40
-20
-10
11,2
-28
-4

Ni^
0
0
1,4
-1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

EA
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,68.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
7,138.106
3,168.106
1,98.106
7,138.106
3,68.106

Li
10
10
14
10
10
10
14
10
10
10
14
10
10

Jadi Lendutan Horizontal di titik D

(Ni^.N.Li)/EA
0
0
2,2. 10-4
7,84. 10-5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
= 3. 10-4 m

TERIMA KASIH ATAS

PERHATIANNYA
See more on :
bagusrengga.wordpress.com
Contact :
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