B.

Question tag
Dalam question tag, si pembicara membuat pernyataan tapi dia tidak yakin sepenuhnya terhadap
apa yang dia bicarakan.
Berikut adalah rules dalam membuat question tag:
Auxiliary/be pada question tag harus sama dengan auxiliary/be pada main clause (pokok
kalimat). Jika di main clause tidak ada auxiliary/be, gunakan kata bantu do, does, atau did.
Jika main clause-nya negatif, maka question tag-nya positif. Sebaliknya, jika main
clause-nya positif, maka question tag-nya negatif. Note: kadang-kadang main clause bermakna
negatif walaupun tidak menggunakan NOT. Dalam hal ini, question tagnya adalah positif.
(Lihat contoh: 8, 9). Misalnya,
o jika subject-nya nobody, no one, nothing, etc
o jika verb-nya dislike, disagree, etc
o jika adverb-nya never, hardly, etc
o jika adjective-nya unhappy, immobile, irregular, etc.
Jangan rubah tensisnya. Misalnya, jika main clause dalam past tense, maka question tag
juga harus dalam past tense.
Subject dari question tag selalu dalam bentuk subject pronoun (i.e. I, she, he, it, you,
they, dan we). Subject pronoun ini harus sesuai dengan subject dari main clause yang
digantikannya.
Perhatikan perubahan subject main clause ke subject question tag berikut:
Main clause Question tag
There there
It
This/that
Everything/nothing
it
These/those
Everyone/ no one
everybody/nobody
they
Jika question tag-nya negatif, ada 2 pola yang bisa digunakan, yaitu dengan
mengkontraksi NOT menjadi nt kemudian menggabungkannya dengan auxiliary/be/kata
bantu di depannya.
[(Auxiliary/be/do/does/did)+n't ]+ subject?
Atau gunakan pola berikut:
(Auxiliary/be/do/does/did) + subject + not?
Khusus untuk be am, question tag-nya adalah am I not (formal) atauarent I (in
speaking) jika negatif, atau am I jika positif. Lihat contoh: 14 & 15.
Jika main clause menggunakan verb have/has atau need, in American English, question
tag-nya mengggunakan kata bantu do/does atau did.(Lihat contoh 9 & 10).
Contoh:
1. They didnt study last night, did they?
2. She hasnt met the new student, has she?
3. You are not allergic to pollens, arent you? (Kamu tidak alergi terhadap tepung
sari bunga, bukan?).
4. You will open that door for me, wont you?
5. Its holiday tomorrow, isnt it?
6. There were a lot of people coming to the party last night, werent there?
7. No one called me, did they? (Tidak ada orang yang nelpon saya, bukan?)
8. Your friends never learn English seriously, do they? (Teman-temanmu tidak
pernah belajar bahasa Inggris dengan serius, bukan?).
9. We need some extra money, dont we?
10. She has a dimple on her left cheek, does she not? (Dia punya lesung pipi di pipi
kirinya, bukan?). Perhatikan penempatan not!
11. In cartoon, Tom and Jerry always fight, do they not?
12. Apples and grapes are her favorites, are they not?
13. I am included, am I not?
14. I am not ugly, am I?
15. Everybody looks happy with our decision, doesnt they?
C. Information questions
Information questions adalah kalimat tanya yang membutuhkan jawaban berupa explanation
(penjelasan). Kata tanya yang digunakan dapat berupa single word:what, where, why, who,
whom, whose, which atau how; atau berupa phrase: whose + noun (noun-nya siapa), how
long (berapa lama/berapa panjang), how many(berapa banyak), how much (berapa banyak),
how often, what time, what kind(tipe/jenis/macam apa), which one (yang manakah), etc.
Ada 2 pola information questions, yaitu:
a. Jika yang ditanyakan adalah subject kalimat. Inversi auxiliary/be/do/does/did tidak diperlukan.
Yang diperlukan hanyalah mengganti subject kalimat dengan kata tanya. Kata tanya yang dapat
digunakan dalam pola ini adalah what, who, dan kata tanya berupa phrase (i.e. whose+noun, how
many+noun, how much+noun, etc.) .
Who
What
Kata tanya berupa
phrase
+ verb + (object) + (modifier)
Contoh:
1. Someone cleaned the house. Who cleaned the house? INCORRECT jika: Who
did clean the house?
2. Somebody has been killed. Who has been killed?
3. Jeny is smiling at her boyfriends photo. Who is smiling at her boyfriends photo?
4. John just did the homework a few minutes ago. Who just did the homework a few
minutes ago? Di kalimat ini, DID bukan kata bantu, melainkan verb2 dariDO.
5. Something happened this morning. What happened this
morning?INCORRECT jika: What did happen this morning?
6. The increased gas price makes people unhappy. What makes people
unhappy?INCORRECT jika: What does make people unhappy?
7. Daniels book has been stolen. Whose book has been stolen? (Bukunya siapa
telah dicuri?).
8. Rembrandts painting received a one-million dollars offer. Whose
paintingreceived a one-million dollars offer? (offer = tawaran harga).
9. More than two hundred people came to the party. How many people came to the
party?
10. There are two cars parked in front of your house. Which one is yours? (Yang
manakah mobilmu?). The red one is mine.
b. Jika yang ditanyakan adalah selain subject kalimat. Polanya adalah kata tanya + yes/no
questions.
KATA TANYA +
Auxiliary
Be
Do/does/did
+ subject + verb . . .
Contoh:
1. Jessica has known Andika since she was 7 years old. Whom has Jessica known
since she was 7 years old? Note: Walaupun who lebih sering digunakan dalam
speaking, tetapi dalam writing/ujian, gunakanlah selalu whom jika orang yang
ditanyakan posisinya object kalimat.
2. My brother just bought a new computer yesterday. What did your brother just buy
yesterday?
3. John is leaving for Jakarta tomorrow morning. When is John leaving for Jakarta?
4. Nining lives on jalan Sudirman. Where does she live?
5. You look so happy. Why do you look so happy?
6. How is she? (Bagaimana kabar/keadaan dia?)
7. I saw Maritas car heading north on my way here. Whose car did you see? (Mobil
siapa yang kamu lihat?). (heading north =menuju/ke arah utara)
8. Maria and Mario have been seeing each other for 5 years. How long have they
been seeing each other? (Berapa lama mereka telah pacaran?).
9. I like this cell phone. How much does it cost? (Berapa harganya?). Note:
Gunakan how much jika yang ditanyakan adalah uncountable noun.
10. How much money do you want to borrow from me? Jika konteksnya sudah jelas,
kalimatnya cukup dengan: How much do you want to borrow from me?
11. Budi has a lot of non-fiction books. How many non-fiction books does Budi
have? Note: Gunakan how many jika yang ditanyakan adalan countable noun.
12. To keep her body slim, Jacqueline goes to the gym three times a week. How
often does she go to the gym to keep her body slim?
13. What time will your plane take off? (Jam berapa pesawat kamu akan tingal
landas?)
14. What kind of music do you like the most? (Musik jenis apa yang paling kamu
sukai?)
15. When will you give me a chance to love you? (chance = opportunity =
kesempatan)
D. Embedded Questions
Embedded question adalah pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat,
Subject + verb + KATA TANYA +subject +verb.
atau pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat tanya yang lain:
Auxiliary
Be
Do/does/did
+ subject + verb +
KATA TANYA +subject +verb.
Note: Walaupun bermakna pertanyaan, pola embedded question TIDAK PERNAHdalam
bentuk tanya.
Contoh:
1. Some students still dont know when they should submit their assignment.
INCORRECT jika: Some students still dont know when should they submit their
assignment. Incorrect karena auxilliary should diletakkan sebelum subject kalimat.
2. Nobody can predict when the Lapindo disaster will end. INCORRECT jika:
Nobody can predict when will the Lapindo disaster end.
3. I just want to know what kind of music you like the most. INCORRECT jika: I
just want to know what kind of music do you like the most.
4. Has Jessica ever told you whom she has known since she was 7 years old?
INCORRECT jika: Has Jessica ever told you whom has she known since she was 7
years old?
5. Do you want to know what my brother just bought yesterday? INCORRECT jika:
Do you want to know what did my brother just buy yesterday?
6. Do you know when John is leaving for Jakarta?
7. Could you tell me where I can find this address?
8. I dont know for how long that guy has been standing there.
9. I am not sure who will be elected president?
10. Do you have any idea how tall Dany is? He is perfect for a basketball player.
11. Ms. Andinis first son has studied at the university already but Ms. Andini still
looks very young. Do you know how old she actually is?

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