Elektroplating digunakan untuk melapisi satu logam dengan logam lain dengan

menggunakan elektrolisis. Electroplating biasanya dilakukan untuk memperbaiki

penampilan logam atau mencegah korosi logam.

Chromium plating digunakan untuk mencegah besi dari rusting.The katoda adalah
objek yang akan berlapis, sedangkan anoda adalah logam yang diinginkan untuk
melapisi objek. Larutan elektrolit harus mengandung ion dari logam yang sama
untuk plating. Selama elektrolisis, anoda akan larut ke dalam larutan. Ion yang
dihasilkan akan bermigrasi ke katoda mana mereka dibuang dan diendapkan
sebagai lapisan pada katoda.

Hal ini penting untuk memastikan bahwa katoda adalah elektrik konduktif. (Jika
tidak, elektrolisis tidak bekerja.)

Ekstraksi Reaktif Logam

logam reaktif adalah logam yang menempati posisi teratas dalam seri elektrokimia.
Logam yang lebih tinggi dari seng dalam seri elektrokimia yang diekstrak
menggunakan elektrolisis. Logam ini sangat reaktif tidak dapat diekstraksi oleh
logam lain seperti pengurangan dengan karbon. Logam reaktif diperoleh dengan
elektrolisis senyawa ionik cair logam.

Studi Kasus: Ekstraksi Aluminium

Aluminium diekstrak dari aluminium oksida (Al2O3Al2O3) atau dikenal sebagai

bauksit.

Sel elektrolit adalah tangki besi dilapisi dengan karbon, yang bertindak sebagai
katoda. Anoda adalah blok karbon dicelupkan ke dalam elektrolit. elektrolit adalah
larutan aluminium oksida cair dalam kriolit cair. Cryolite bertindak sebagai pelarut
untuk melarutkan aluminium oksida dan sebagai pengotor untuk menurunkan titik
leleh aluminium oksida. Sel elektrolit dipertahankan pada sekitar 900C900C.

Elektroda: Karbon

Ion hadir dalam elektrolit: Al3 + Al3 +, O2-O2

Reaksi pada katoda: Al3 + (l) + 3e- Al (l) Al3 + (l) + 3e- Al (l)

Reaksi pada anoda: 2O2- (l) O2 (g) + 4e-2O2- (l) O2 (g) + 4e-

ion Aluminium dibuang di katoda, membentuk genangan aluminium cair di bagian

bawah tangki.

Pada suhu tinggi, oksigen bereaksi dengan anoda karbon untuk membentuk gas
karbon dioksida. Oleh karena itu, anoda secara perlahan dibakar pergi sebagai gas
karbon dioksida dan perlu diganti sering.

Chemicals Which Are Electrolytes

Here you will find some examples of electrolytes.

Sodium chloride - Also known by the formula NaCl, sodium chloride is a compound
with equal parts sodium and chloride. It is more commonly known as "salt" or "table
salt," and is the major ingredient in the edible salt that is sprinkled on food to make
it taste better. Sodium chloride is present in the ocean and is the main thing that
makes ocean water taste so salty.
Nitric acid - This strong mineral acid, known by the formula HNO3, is a corrosive
acid used in many applications, one of the most common of which is an ingredient
in types of fertilizer. It has also been used as one of the ingredients in certain types
of liquid rocket fuel, and is a chemical used in woodworking to make wood look like
it has been aged.

Chloric acid - HClO3 is another name for this particular electrolyte, which is a very
dangerous oxidizing agent. It can be produced by a chemical reaction.

Hydrocholoric acid - This strong acid is widely used in the chemical industry, but is
also an ingredient in gelatin, leather, and household cleaning supplies.

Calcium chloride - Although this is also a "salt" by definition, it is different from the
table salt described above as sodium chloride. Calcium chloride is a compound
made of calcium and chloride, and is one of the types of salt used to control ice on
sidewalks and roadways. The compound is often produced from limestone.

Potassium nitrate - This electrolyte, commonly known by the formula KNO3, is used
in a wide variety of substances. It can be used as a food additive, but is also an
ingredient in various types of rocket fuels and in fireworks. Potassium nitrate was
once known as saltpeter and was an ingredient in gun powder for many years.

Sodium hydroxide - With many uses throughout history, sodium hydroxide also
known as lye is an important ingredient in many detergents, soaps, and drain
cleaners. It is highly dangerous because of its ability to decompose lipids and
proteins in skin, causing burns when not handled properly.

Sulfuric acid - Once known as oil of vitriol, this highly corrosive strong acid (known
by the molecular formula H2SO4) can corrode metals, organic compounds, living
tissues, and even stone. It is used as an electrolyte in certain types of car batteries
to get the electricity to flow. Like sodium hydroxide, it can cause very severe
chemical burns when it comes into contact with skin, so it is very important to
handle with extreme caution.

Sodium acetate - Yet another electrolyte that includes sodium as a main ingredient,
sodium acetate is often used to seal concrete so that it is protected against bad
weather. It is also used as an ingredient in certain types of foods, such as salt and
vinegar potato chips, because of its salty and tangy flavor when mixed with other
seasonings.

Magnesium hydroxide - Because of its milk-like appearance, this electrolyte was

long known by the name "milk of magnesia." It is a main component of many types
of laxatives and antacids, and in underarm deodorants and antiperspirants. It can
also be applied to the scalp as a form of seborrhea and dandruff control.

Electrolytes are also found in the bodily fluids and assist in fluid flow between cells.
Common electrolytes found in the body include:
Calcium

Potassium

Chlorine

Magnesium

Sodium

Phosphate

Each of these substances are examples of electrolytes because they have the
specific property of being able to conduct electricity when they are in molten form
or when they have been dissolved into a solution.