10 - 11 - Tubular Reactor PDF
10 - 11 - Tubular Reactor PDF
10 - 11 - Tubular Reactor PDF
= [d/a+c/a-b/a-1]
FT=FTo+ FAoX
Design Equation
Misal reaksi berikut ini terjadi pada suatu PFR:
b c d
A B C D
a a a
Neraca massa A di dalam elemen volum pada steady state:
rate of flow rate of flow rate of rate of
of A input of A output reaction accumulati on
FA V FA V V -rA V 0
Persamaan dibagi dengan V dan dinyatakan dalam limit, sehingga
FA V V FA
lim V
-rA
V 0 V
-rA
dFA
dV
-rA
dFA
dV
Dari stoikiometri: FA FA0 FA0 X
dFA FA0 dX
Substitusi ke persamaan perancangan:
Disebut juga sebagai bentuk diferensial dari
-rA
dX
FA0 persamaan perancangan, digunakan ketika
dV terdapat pressure drop di dalam reaktor atau
ketika reaktor beroperasi secara non-adiabatis.
0
-rA pressure drop di dalam reaktor dapat diabaikan
atau ketika reaktor beroperasi secara adiabatis.
X
dX
V FA0
0
-rA
Jika reaksi homogen fasa cair, berlaku korelasi:
v v0
C A C A0 1 X
FA0 C A0v0
Jika reaksi homogen fasa gas, pada suhu dan tekanan tetap
v v0 1 X
FA FA0 1 X 1 X
CA C A0
v v0 1 X 1 X
B C D , maka d c b 1 FA0
b c d
Untuk reaksi A
a a a a a a FT 0
FA0
y A0
FT 0
X
dX
V FA0
0
-rA
X
1 X dX
1 ln 1 X
FA0 FA0 1
V
kC A0 0 1 X
kC A0
X
X
dX
V FA0
0
-rA
Reaksi homogen fasa gas order 2
v v0 1 X
rA kCA2 dengan
FA FA0 1 X 1 X
CA C A0
v v0 1 X 1 X
X
dX
V FA0 2 FA0 2
1 X dX
X 2
0
kC A 0 kC A0 1 X 2
kC A0 kC A0
Contoh soal:
diambil dari example 4.3, Fogler 4th ed
Producing 300 million pounds per year of ethylene in a Plug-Flow
Reactor: design of a full-scale tubular reactor
Ethylene ranks fourth in the United States in total pounds of
chemicaIs produced each year, and it is the number one organic
chemical produced each year. Over 50 billion pounds were produced in
2000, and it sold for $0,27 per pound. Sixty-five percent of the ethylene
produced is used in the manufacture of fabricated plastics, 20% for
ethylene oxide,16% for ethylene dichloride and ethylene glycoI, 5% for
fibers, and 5% for solvents.
Determine the plug-flow reactor volume necessary to produce 300
million pounds of ethylene a year from cracking a feed stream of pure
ethane. The reaction is irreversible and follows an elementary rate law
with the spesific reaction rate constant of 3,07 s-1. We want to achieve
80% conversion of ethane, operating the reactor isothermally at 1100 K
at a pressure of 6 atm.
Quiz 7
1. Jelaskan perbedaan antara ketiga garis dalam gambar berikut