DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

Halaman Sampul Depan………………………………............................. i

Halaman Sampul Dalam............................................................................. ii

Halaman Pernyataan ………………………………….............................. iii

Halaman Persetujuan................................................................................. iv

Halaman Pengesahan………………………………….............................. v

Kata Pengantar ……………………………………….............................. vi

Abstrak....................................................................................................... vii

Abstract..................................................................................................... viii

Daftar Isi…………………………………………………........................ ix

Daftar Tabel...............................................................................................

Daftar Gambar...........................................................................................

Daftar Bagan.............................................................................................

Daftar Lampiran.........................................................................................

BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang……………………………………………......... 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah…………………………………………......... 4

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ………………………………………............. 5

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum………………………………..................... 5

1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus……............................................................. 5

1.4 Manfaat Penelitian………………………………………............. 6

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 1.4.1 Manfaat Teoritis…………………………………............... 6

1.4.2 Manfaat Praktis …………………………………................ 6

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

2.1 Lanjut Usia…………………………………………….................... 7

2.1.1 Definisi Lansia..........…………………………….................. 7

2.1.2 Batasan Lansia....................................................................... 7

2.1.3 Teori Penuaan..............…………………………................... 8

2.1.4 Perubahan - Perubahan Pada Lansia.….….….…................... 12

2.2 Konsep Nyeri......………………………………….......................... 16

2.2.1 Definisi Nyeri……………...……...……............................... 16

2.2.2 Etiologi Nyeri.........………………...……….......................... 17

2.2.3 Fisiologi Nyeri …...……...…….............................................. 18

2.2.4 Klasifikasi Nyeri.............................…………......................... 20

2.2.5 Respon Terhadap Nyeri......,,,…………………...................... 24

2.2.6 Respon Nyeri Berdasarkan Tingkat Nyeri............................... 25

2.2.7 Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi Nyeri........................... 27

2.2.8 Tindakan Keperawatan Dalam Peredaan Nyeri...................... 34

2.2.9 Skala Intensitas Nyeri............................................................. 33

2.3 Konsep Hipertensi ………………………………….….................. 38

2.3.1 Definisi Hipertensi ……………….……....…....................... 38

2.3.2 Etiologi Hipertensi ……………….……...…..…................. 39

2.3.3 Tanda Dan Gejala Hipertensi ………………...…................ 40

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 2.3.4 Klasifikasi Hipertensi ……………….…….....…................. 42

2.3.5 Patofisiologi..........……………….……...……...…............... 48

2.3.6 Penatalaksanaan...……………….……...…..…................... 49

2.4 Konsep Stimulus Kutaneus:Slow-Stroke Back Massage................ 50

2.4.1 Definisi Stimulus Kutaneus................................................. 50

2.4.2 pengaruh Simulus Kutaneus................................................. 50

2.4.3 Petunjuk Pemberian Stimulus Kutaneus............................... 51

2.4.4 Metode Stimulus Kutaneus................................................... 52

2.4.5 Prosedur Pelaksanaan............................................................ 55

2.4.6 Pengaruh Stimulus Kutaneus dalam Menurunkan

Nyeri Kepala pada Hipertensi................................................ 56

2.5 Kerangka Konsep …………………………………......................... 58

2.6 Hipotesis............................................................................................. 59

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Desain Penelitian …………………………………..….................... 60

3.2 Waktu penelitian ………………………………...…..…................... 61

3.3 Kerangka kerja………………........................................................... 62

3.4. Populasi, Sampel, Sampling……………………………..…........... 63

3.5 Identifikasi Variabel………………………………........................ 65

3.6 Definisi Operasional..........................………………........................ 67

3.7 Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data….….……………................... 68

3.8 Analisa Data...................................................................................... 72

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 3.9 Etika Penelitian ……………….….…………................................... 73

3.10 Keterbatasan penelitian.................................................................... 74

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN

4.1 Deskripsi lokasi penelitian................................................................. 75

4.2 Data umum........................................................................................ 77

4.3 Data khusus....................................................................................... 78

4.4 Tabulasi silang................................................................................... 79

4.5 Hasil uji statistik................................................................................ 80

BAB V PEMBAHASAN

5.1 Nyeri kepala sebelum dilakukan pemberian stimulus

kutaneus (slow-stroke back massage)............................................... 81

5.2 Nyeri kepala sesudah dilakukan pemberian stimulus

kutaneus (slow-stroke back massage)............................................... 83

5.3 Pengaruh stimulus kutaneus (slow-stroke back massage)

terhadap intensitas nyeri kepala......................................................... 86

BAB VI PENUTUP

6.1 Kesimpulan......................................................................................... 90

6.2 Saran................................................................................................... 91

DAFTAR PUSTAKA…….…….…….…….…….……...............................

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