𝑉22 𝑄2

ENERGY SPESIFIK : 𝐸2 = 𝑌2 + = 𝑌2 +
2𝑔 2𝑔𝐵2 𝑌22

1 2 1 2
hf hf
Garis energi Garis energi

Permukaan air bebas h1 Garis derajad hidrolis

h1
h2 Garis tengah pipa h2
Dasar saluran

z1 z1
z2 z2
Garis referensi Garis referensi

(a) (b) (c)

Energi titik ! :

Grs energi
𝑉12
2𝑔

E1
Y Y1 E2 Y2 Yc
Q
∆𝑍
B
1 2

Gambar Perubahan Aliran

𝐸1 = ∆𝑍 + 𝐸2

𝑉22 𝑄2
𝐸2 = 𝑌2 + = 𝑌2 +
2𝑔 2𝑔𝐵2 𝑌22
 Y
𝑉12
Y1 2𝑔

Y1
Subkritis
Y2

Kritis
Yc 450 Superkritis
Ec E
E2 ∆𝑍
E1
Diagram Spesifik Energi

B1 B2

1 2

𝑉12 𝑄2
𝐸1 = 𝑌1 + = 𝑌1 +
2𝑔 2𝑔𝐵12 𝑌12
𝑉22 𝑄2
𝐸2 = 𝑌2 + = 𝑌2 +
2𝑔 2𝑔𝐵22 𝑌22
Q = 16 m3/dt
Y1 =2 m, B1 = 3,5 m
B2 = 4 m
Jika di bgn 2 ada peninggian 1) ∆𝑍 = 0,2 m, 2) ∆𝑍 = 0,35 𝑚
Berapa perubahan ketinggian air antara no 1, dan no 2
Penyelesaian :
 B1 =3,5 m B2= 4 m

1
2

Y1= 2 m
Y2 Yc
∆𝑍

E1 =E2 , E2 = E1- ∆𝑍
POTONGAN I
3
𝑄 16 𝑚/𝑑𝑡
.𝑉1 = = = 2,28 𝑚/𝑑𝑡
𝐴1 2 𝑚 𝑥 3,5𝑚

𝑚2
𝑉12 2,282 2
𝐸1 = 𝑌1 + =2+ 𝑑𝑡 = 2,26 𝑚
2𝑔 2. 9,81 𝑚/𝑑𝑡 2
POTONGAN II
3
𝑄 16 𝑚/𝑑𝑡
𝑉2 = = = 4 𝑌2 𝑚/𝑑𝑡
𝐴2 𝑌2 𝑚 𝑥 4 𝑚
𝑉22 (4 𝑌2 ) 2
𝐸2 = 𝑌2 + = 𝑌2 +
2𝑔 2. 9,81
𝑄 16 𝑚3
𝑞2 = = =4 /𝑚
𝐵2 4 𝑑𝑡
1/3 1/3
𝑞22 42
𝑌𝑐2 = ( ) = ( ) = 1,18 𝑚
𝑔 9,81
3
𝐸𝑐 = 𝑌 = 1,77
2 𝑐2
m
ALTERNATIF :
𝐸2 = 𝐸1 − ∆𝑍
a) ∆𝑍 = 0,2 𝑚
 𝐸2 = 2,26 − 0,2 = 2,06 𝑚 𝐸2 > 𝐸𝑐
(4 𝑌2 ) 2
𝐸2 = 2,06 = 𝑌2 +
2. 9,81
CARA TRIAL N ERROR :
(4𝑥 1,5)2
𝑌2 = 1,5 𝑚 2,06 = 1,5 + 2 𝑥 9,81

2,06 ≠ 3,33
(4𝑥 1,0)2
𝑌2 = 1,0 𝑚 2,06 = 1,0 + 2 𝑥 9,81

2,06 ≠ 1,82

Y2 = 1,5
Y2 = ??

Y2 = 1,0

1,82 2,06 3,33 E

3,33 − 2,06 1,5 − 𝑦2
=
3,33 − 1,82 1,5 − 1
1,27 1,5−𝑦2
1,51
= 0,5
Y2 = 1,079 m

b) ∆𝑍 = 0,35 𝑚

𝐸2 = 𝐸1 − ∆𝑍
𝐸2 = 2,26 − 0,35 = 1,91 𝑚 𝐸2 > 𝐸𝑐
(4 𝑌2 ) 2
𝐸2 = 1,91 = 𝑌2 +
2. 9,81
(4 𝑌2 ) 2
1,91 = 𝑌2 +
2. 9,81
CARA COBA COBA :
Y2=1,2
(4 𝑥 1,2) 2
1,91 = 1,2 +
2. 9,81
1,91 ≠ 2,37
Y2=1,1
1,91 ≠ 2,08
Y2=1,04
1,91 = 1,92
Perubahan kenaikan 0,04 m