Terapi Inhalasi Terbaru PDF
Terapi Inhalasi Terbaru PDF
TERAPI INHALASI
OLEH : YESSY S. SABRI
• SLIDE KULIAH SUDAH BISA DI UNDUH
MELALUI :
www.parupadang.com/unduh
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• TERAPI INHALASI:
– PEMBERIAN OBAT SECARA LANGSUNG
KE DALAM SALURAN NAFAS DENGAN
MELAKUKAN PENGHISAPAN
• OBAT-OBAT INHALASI
– BRONKODILATOR
– ANTI INFLAMASI ( KORTIKOSTEROID)
– Nacl 3 %
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1 x semprotan inhalasi
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KEUNTUNGAN TERAPI INHALASI
Efektif : Onset cepat
Bronkodilator kuat
Aman : Dosis kecil
ESO minimal
R asional Langsung
: bekerja pada lesi
Menghilangkan bronkopasme
Anti - inflamasi
M urah : Harga per dosis
Mudah : Cara pemakaian
Sedia setiap saat
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Particle size :
critical determinant of drug delivery to the lung
> 10 mm : deposited primarily in the mouth &
oropharynx
< 0.5 mm : inhaled to the alveolar, but exhaled
without being deposited in the lungs
1-5 mm : deposited in the small airways
the most effective
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Disposition of inhaled drugs (1)
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• Terapi inhalasi dapat diberikan :
-inhaler dosis terukur (MDI/Metered
dose inhaler),
- inhaler dosis terukur dgn spacer,
- nebulizer
- rotahaler atau diskhaler
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Metered Dose Inhaler
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Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI)
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Metered-dose inhaler (pMDI)
Correct technique to use :
1. Remove cap & shake canister thoroughly
2. Hold canister upright & breathe out fully
3. Place mouthpiece between lips, or
3-4 cm in front of open mouth
4. Fire inhaler while inhaling slowly & deeply
5. Hold breath for 10 sec., or as long as possible
6. Wait ~ 1 min before taking a second dose
(for very severe airway obstruction)
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Kekurangan MDI
• Manuver tidak mudah (koordinasi inhalasi dan gerakan harus
baik).
• Cara pakai dan kondisi optimal hanya sekitar 20% dosis yang
mencapai paru.
• Obat yang mengendap di tenggorokan dan tertelan, tidak banyak
manfaatnya karena akan dimetabolisme oleh hati menjadi
metabolit yang inaktif.
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• Khlorofluorokarbon (CFC) merusak lapisan ozon
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Spacer – Device :
1) Bentuk : Tube, coffee cup
Nebuhaler, volumatic
Baby haler, dll
2) Koordinasi : kurang di perlukan
3) Menurunkan Velocity partikel
4) Propellant lebih mudah menguap
• Kurang koordinasi
• Terlalu cepat inspirasi
• Tidak menahan nafas selama 10 detik
• Tidak mengocok kanister sebelum digunakan
• Tidak berkumur setelah menggunakan MDI
• Posisi MDI terbalik
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Volumatic
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Baby haler
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Dry Powder Inhaler (D.P.I)
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DPI (Dry Powder Inhalers)
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Turbuhaler : design & operation
Mouthpiece is specially
designed with spiral
channels to deaggregate
the dose to respirable
particles
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One of the problems is poor adherence
pMDI (15%)
Turbuhaler® (32%)
pMDI (15%) Turbuhaler® (32%)
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Conclusions
Turbuhaler – a dry-powder inhaler
• Efficacy : high & reliable
produces higher & less variable lung deposition than
pMDIs & most other DPIs higher clinical efficacy of
inh. GCS & bronchodil.
• Safety : high
- low oropharyngeal deposition low local side effect
- no propellants or irritants no paradoxical broncho-
constriction
• Easy to use :
no coordination required easy to use & convenient
preferred by patients
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Nebulizers
Asma akut berat (IGD,ICU)
Asma kronik (Home Nebulizer)
Bayi, anak yang tidak bisa dng MDI – DPI
Mudah, tidal – breathing
Bisa dosis tinggi
Kesulitan : • Alat besar, mahal
• Obat terbatas
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Nebulizer
Prinsip
mengubah obat : larutan aerosol
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Aerosol
• Merupakan suspensi berbentuk padat atau cair dalam
bentuk gas.
• Infeksi
• Airway reactivity
• Pulmonary dan efek sistemik
• Drug reconcentration
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Gambar nebulizer
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