REVIEW JURNAL ATRAUMATIC CARE

Oleh : ANITA YULIA

Judul Atraumatic Care: EMLA Cream and Application of Heat to
Facilitate Peripheral Venous Cannulation in Children
Jurnal Kent State University, Stark Campusm, North Canton, Ohio
Volume & halaman Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 32:65–76, 2009
Penulis 1. Lori Huff, BSN, RN, CCRN
2. Annette Hamlin, BSN, RN
3. Diane Wolski, BSN, RN
Reviewer Anita Yulia, STr.Kep
Tanggal 25 April 2019
Tujuan penelitian The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the
application of heat placed to a child's potential intravenous (IV)
site after the application of EMLA Cream™ decreases
vasoconstriction, therefore promoting atraumatic care in the
hospitalized pediatric patient.
Subjek penelitian A convenience sample of 30 hospitalized Caucasian children, eight
to twelve years old, participated.
Metode penelitian A descriptive quantitative design was used to examine the use of
EMLA Cream™ and application of heat to facilitate venipuncture
for peripheral venous cannulation. Vascular ultrasound directly
measured the vein prior to and 1 hour after EMLA Cream™
application, as well as 2 minutes after heat application.
Pembahasan Mean vein measurements were 0.243 cm prior to EMLA Cream™,
0.205 cm after EMLA Cream™ applied for 1 hour, and 0.253 cm
after two minutes of heat.
Hasil penelitian There was a significant increase in vein visualization from pre-
application of heat to post application of heat with a success rate
of 80% with the first time attempt of IV insertion. Application of
heat counteracts the adverse effect of vasoconstriction that occurs
with EMLA Cream™ application, potentially increasing
peripheral venous cannulation success rates.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki apakah aplikasi panas
ditempatkan untuk potensi intravena anak (IV) situs setelah penerapan EMLA
Cream ™ berkurang vasokonstriksi, oleh karena itu mempromosikan perawatan
atraumatik pada pasien pediatrik dirawat di rumah sakit.

Venipuncture pada anak-anak adalah prosedur yang menyakitkan dan sering

dilakukan. Sementara penggunaan EMLA Cream ™ untuk mengurangi rasa sakit
pada penyisipan adalah praktek umum dengan pasien anak, ada penelitian telah
mengukur ukuran vena dalam kaitannya dengan EMLA Cream ™ dan aplikasi
panas. Sebuah desain deskriptif kuantitatif digunakan untuk menguji
penggunaan EMLA Cream ™ dan aplikasi panas untuk memfasilitasi
venipuncture untuk kanulasi vena perifer. Sebuah kenyamanan sampel dari 30
anak-anak Kaukasia dirawat di rumah sakit, tua delapan sampai dua belas
tahun, berpartisipasi. USG vaskular langsung diukur pembuluh darah sebelum
dan 1 jam setelah aplikasi EMLA Cream ™, serta 2 menit setelah aplikasi panas.

Berarti pengukuran vena yang 0,243 cm sebelum EMLA Cream ™, 0,205 cm

setelah EMLA Cream ™ diterapkan selama 1 jam, dan 0,253 cm setelah dua
menit panas.Ada peningkatan yang signifikan dalam visualisasi vena dari pra-
aplikasi panas untuk mengirim aplikasi panas dengan tingkat keberhasilan 80%
dengan waktu upaya pertama penyisipan IV. Oleh karena itu, aplikasi panas
melawan efek merugikan dari vasokonstriksi yang terjadi dengan aplikasi EMLA
Cream ™, berpotensi meningkatkan tingkat keberhasilan kanulasi vena perifer
 REVIEW JURNAL ATRAUMATIC CARE

Judul The Atraumatic Restorative treatment (ART) approach for

managing dental caries: a meta‐analysis
Jurnal Department of Global Oral Health, College of Dental Sciences,
Radboud. University Nijmegen Medical Centre
Volume & halaman 279-286
Penulis Elisa Luengas-Quintero, Jo E Frencken, Jorge Alejandro
Muñúzuri-Hernández and Jan Mulder
Reviewer Gina Dwi Anggraini
Tanggal 25 april 2019
Tujuan penelitian The massive use of preventive measures in Mexico has resulted
in a large decline in dental caries over the past two decades.
There does however remain a largely unmet need for restorative
treatment. This paper describes the steps leading up to the
adoption of a strategy, as part of general health policy, to use
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) within the Mexican public
health service as a means of addressing this. The objective was
to evaluate ART restorations and sealants placed in primary and
permanent teeth in schoolchildren from deprived areas over a
period of 2 years.
Subjek penelitian In total 304 children, aged 6–13 years, from 13 primary schools
were included in the study. After 1 and 2 years, 245 and 213
children were evaluated, respectively. Information, provided by 18
dentists, regarding the background of the participating children
and the treatment procedures is presented in Table 3..
Metode penelitian 18 Dentists from 13 municipalities in 6 states with the lowest
human development index treated 304, 6- to 13-year-old
schoolchildren with ART sealants and ART restorations (single-
surfaces) on the school compounds.
Ketac Molar Easymix was the filling material used. ART
procedures were evaluated according to the ART assessment
criteria after 1 and 2 years, by 7 calibrated evaluators. Survival
 rates were estimated, using the PHREG Model with frailty
correction.
Pembahasan The 2-year cumulative survival rates of fully and partially retained
ART sealants were 73.1% (primary teeth) and 48.8% (permanent
teeth). The dentine carious lesion failure rates of ART sealants in
primary and permanent teeth over the 2-year period were 0% and
2.5%, respectively. The 2-year cumulative survival rates of single-
surface ART restorations in primary and permanent teeth were
74% and 80.9%, respectively.
Secondary carious lesion development occurred in 6 restored
primary teeth (2.1%) and in one restored permanent tooth (1.3%).
All restorations placed in primary teeth in one state survived,
whilst those in one of the 5 remaining states failed statistically
significantly more than those in the other 4.
Hasil penelitian Disposition of subjects In total 304 children, aged 6–13 years,
from 13 primary schools were included in the study. After 1 and 2
years, 245 and 213 children were evaluated, respectively.
Information, provided by 18 dentists, regarding the background of
the participating children and the treatment procedures is
presented in Table 3.

Kesimpulan The ART procedures were of substantial quality and had

prevented to a large extent the development of new dentine
carious lesions in these children from socio-economically deprived
areas