Diajukan Oleh :
ARYANTI RISTIN HESTIYANINGSIH
A 610110113
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MOTTO
Apa yang ada saat ini harus dijalani… dan apa yang ada dibayangan
masa depan jalan yang harus diperjuangkan.
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PERSEMBAHAN
Bapak Sunaryo dan ibuku Asyiatun Sukesi tercinta yang selalu menyayangi,
mendidik, membimbing, menyemangati dan mendo’akan dengan ikhlas
sepenuh hati memperjuangkan saya untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana.Terima
kasih untuk semuanya bapak dan ibuku yang tercinta.
Terima kasih kepada seluruh dosen pendidikan geografi UMS yang sudah
membimbing dan memberikan ilmu yang lebih kepada saya dan teman-teman
angkatan 2011 pendidikan geografi UMS.
Terima kasih untuk ibu Dra. Siti Taurat Aly, M.Pd yang sudah membimbing
saya dalam menyelesaikan skripsi saya.
Almamaterku
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ABSTRAK
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ABSTRACT
Evaluation of learning which is the end of a learning process has a very important
role for students and teachers to determine whether the purpose of learning has
been achieved or not. Material mitigation and adaptation to natural disasters is one
of the material taught in order to achieve competence 3.7 is to analyze mitigation
and adaptation to natural disasters with the study of geography. This study has
three objectives: 1) Knowing how the test criteria form the desired image by
students regarding the matter of mitigation and adaptation to natural disasters for
class X. 2) Developing the evaluation of learning about the materials natural
disaster mitigation and adaptation for class X. 3) Determine the effectiveness of
the test shaped picture on the material of natural disaster mitigation and adaptation
for class X. Researc Research and Development (R & D) by using a model of
Dick and Carrey. The study was conducted at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta
to retrieve data needs analysis, product trials, and experimental tests in the form of
images. The sampling technique using cluster random sampling.Teknik data
collection using interviews, questionnaires, and tes.Hasil from this research that
the test product in the form of images made in accordance with the needs of
students and has been validated by experts and has been tested. Results of
experimental tests in the form of images obtained from post-test on the
experimental class and control class that is based on the KKM geography class X
SMA with a value of 7.5 indicates the experimental class there are 10 students
who score below KKM and control classes totaling 13 students It can be
concluded that the development of effective use in learning.
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KATA PENGANTAR
Penyusunan skripsi ini tidak lepas dari bantuan, bimbingan, semangat dan
do’a dari berbagai pihak. Pada kesempatan kali ini pemulis akan menyampaikan
rasa terima kasih kepada :
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum. selaku dekan Fakultas Keguruan
dan Ilmu Pendidikan UMS.
2. Dra. Siti Taurat Aly, M.Pd. selaku Pembimbing Skripsi.
3. Drs. Suharjo, M.S. selaku Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Geografi.
4. Drs. Dahroni, M.Si. selaku Pembimbing Akademik.
5. Choirul Amin, M.Si. selaku ahli materi dan desain gambar dalam tes
berbentuk gambar yang dikembangkan.
Saya menyadari bahwa skripsi ini jauh dari sempurna, hal ini dikarenakan
pengalaman dan pengetahuan yang saya miliki masih kurang banyak.Oleh karena
itu penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang dapat menyempurnakan
lagi skripsi ini.Akhir kata semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat.Amin.
Surakarta, 21 – Oktober-2015
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
JUDUL ............................................................................................................. i
PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................... ii
PERSETUJUAN .............................................................................................. iii
PENGESAHAN ............................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ........................................................................................................... v
PERSEMBAHAN ............................................................................................ vi
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... viii
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................... x
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... xvi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... xv
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................. 1
B. Identifikasi Masalah ........................................................................ 3
C. Pembatasan Masalah........................................................................ 3
D. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 4
E. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 4
F. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................... 5
BAB II. LANDASAN TEORI ......................................................................... 6
A. Kajian Teori ..................................................................................... 6
1. Evaluasi Pembelajaran ................................................................ 6
a. Pengertian evaluasi pembelajaran .......................................... 6
b. Karakteristik instrumen evaluasi ............................................ 9
c. Perencanaan evaluasi pembelajaran ....................................... 11
d. Pelaksanaan evaluasi pembelajaran ....................................... 17
e. Pengolahan dan pelaporan hasil evaluasi ............................... 21
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2. Tes Sebagai Alat Evaluasi .......................................................... 23
a. Pengertian tes ......................................................................... 23
b. Fungsi tes ............................................................................... 24
c. Prosedur Pengembangan Tes ................................................. 25
d. Pilihan-Ganda (multiple-choice) ............................................ 28
3. Tes Berbentuk Gambar ............................................................... 32
a. Pengertian tes berbentuk gambar ........................................... 32
b. Tujuan tes berbentuk gambar ................................................. 33
c. Manfaat tes berbentuk gambar ............................................... 33
d. Gambar dalam tes berbentuk gambar ..................................... 34
4. Mitigasi dan Adaptasi Bencana Alam ........................................ 35
a. Pengertian mitigasi bencana alam .......................................... 37
b. Kegiatan mitigasi bencana alam............................................. 37
c. Mitigasi bencana gempa bumi ............................................... 38
d. Mitigasi bencana gunung meletus .......................................... 43
e. Mitigasi bencana tsunami....................................................... 45
f. Mitigasi bencana tanah longsor .............................................. 48
g. Mitigasi bencana banjir .......................................................... 50
h. Mitigasi bencana kekeringan.................................................. 53
i. Mitigasi bencana angin putting beliung ................................. 54
5. Wawancara.................................................................................. 57
6. Analisis Data ............................................................................... 58
B. Penelitian Terdahulu ........................................................................ 62
C. Spesifikasi Produk yang Dikembangkan ......................................... 64
D. Kerangka Berfikir ............................................................................ 64
E. Hipotesis .......................................................................................... 66
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a. Desain pengembangan ........................................................... 69
b. Subjek pengembangan ........................................................... 71
c. Jenis data ................................................................................ 71
d. Teknik pengumpulan data ...................................................... 71
e. Teknik analisis data ................................................................ 72
2. Uji Coba Produk ......................................................................... 72
a. Desain uji coba ....................................................................... 72
b. Subjek uji coba ....................................................................... 72
c. Jenis data ................................................................................ 73
d. Teknik dan instrumen pengumpulan data .............................. 73
e. Teknik analisis data ................................................................ 73
3. Penilaian produk ......................................................................... 73
a. Desain eksperimen ................................................................. 73
b. Subjek eksperimen ................................................................. 74
c. Jenis data ................................................................................ 74
d. Teknik dan instrument pengumpulan data ............................. 74
e. Teknik analisis data ................................................................ 75
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................. 76
A. Kriteria Pengembangan ................................................................... 76
B. Hasil Pengembangan ....................................................................... 79
C. Uji Coba Produk .............................................................................. 80
D. Hasil Eksperimen............................................................................. 81
E. Keterbatasan Pengembangan ........................................................... 90
BAB V PENUTUP ........................................................................................... 92
A. Simpulan .......................................................................................... 92
B. Implikasi .......................................................................................... 92
C. Saran ................................................................................................ 94
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ...................................................................................... 94
LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 95
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Hasil analisa kelebihan dan kekurangan tes buatan guru .............. 76
Tabel 4.2 Item Soal yang Dikembangkan dari 17 Indikator ......................... 81
Tabel 4.3 Hasil Perhitungan Uji Validitas Butir Soal ................................... 82
Tabel 4.4 Hasil post test kelas eksperimen.................................................... 85
Tabel 4.5 Hasil post test kelas kontrol .......................................................... 85
Tabel 4.6 Hasil perhitungan uji homogenitas ................................................ 86
Tabel 4.7 Hasil kesimpulan uji homogenitas ................................................ 86
Tabel 4.8 Hasil uji anova............................................................................... 87
Tabel 4.9 Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa .......................................................... 87
Tabel 4.10 Hasil efektivitas pengembangan tes berbentuk gambar ................ 89
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
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Lampiran 29 Presentasi Hasil Uji Efektivitas ................................................ 240
Lampiran 30 Peta Bencana ............................................................................ 241
Lampiran 31 Peta Lokasi ............................................................................... 248
Lampiran 32 Tabel Eksperimen ..................................................................... 249
Lampiran 33 Surat-Surat ................................................................................ 255
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