KEGAWATAN PERKEMIHAN
• KOLIK RENAL
KEGAWATAN
• CEDERA GINJAL
SISTEM PERKEMIHAN
• GAGAL GINJAL AKUT
1
9/13/2019
TRAUMA GINJAL
8-10 % trauma tumpul/tembus
Menyebabkan cedera
organ lain
Pertanyaan? Perawatan emergency
resusitasi dan persiapan
tindak lanjut
Penyebab: Symptoms
Trauma tumpul The best indicator for kidney injury is blood in the urine
(hematuria) from microhematuria to profuse bleeding.
Trauma tembus Flank or abdominal tenderness or pain is often seen in
kidney injury from direct trauma, especially when kidneys
Aktifitas: olahraga, kerja, kecelakan are crushed against the ribs.
Contoh?: If there is significant blood loss, the blood pressure may
be low and the heart pounding at a fast rate.
If severe, life-
life-threatening shock and death can follow:
Blood in the urine
Flank / abdominal pain and broken ribs
Hypotension and shock
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9/13/2019
Grading Grading..
Renal injuries are graded by the American Association Grade 4
for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) on the basis of the Renal lacerations extending through the kidney into the
depth of injury and the involvement of vessels or the collecting system
collecting system as follows (Moore, 1989). Injuries involving the main renal artery or vein with contained
hemorrhage
Grade 1
Segmental infarctions without associated lacerations
Hematuria with normal imaging studies
Expanding subcapsular hematomas compressing the kidney
Contusions
Nonexpanding subcapsular hematomas Grade 5
Shattered or devascularized kidney
Grade 2
Ureteropelvic avulsions
Nonexpanding perinephric hematomas confined to the
retroperitoneum Complete laceration or thrombus of the main renal artery or vein
Superficial cortical lacerations less than 1 cm in depth without
collecting system injury
Kecurigaan: Kecurigaan:
Perhatikan pada kasus dibawah ini: Pasien dengan penyakit beresiko:
Hypotension
Hypertension
Volume contraction
Congestive heart failure Congestive cardiac failure
Nephrotoxic drug ingestion Diabetes
History of trauma or unaccustomed exertion Multiple myeloma
Blood loss or transfusions
Chronic infection
Evidence of connective tissue disorders or autoimmune
diseases Myeloproliferative disorder
Exposure to toxic substances, such as ethyl alcohol or
ethylene glycol
Exposure to mercury vapors, lead, cadmium, or other
heavy metals, which can be encountered in welders and
miners
3
9/13/2019
Antasida: Magnesium,
Digitalis: Turunkan?
Antibiotik: Perubahan dosis dan interval
pemberian?
Pertanyaan…?