• Konsep awal rokok elektronik ada sejak tahun 1965 melalui paten yang
didaftarkan oleh Herbert A Gilbert namun produksi secara massal adalah
berdasarkan paten oleh Hon Lik di Cina tahun 2003 dan mulai beredar secara
internasional tahun 2004.2
• 2 (Soneji S, et al. 2017 on JAMA Pediatr Epub)
2. Grana R, Benowits N, Glants SA, 2014, E-cigarettes: a scientific
review,Circulation. Available at:
http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/129/19/1972.full
3. Clapp PW, Jaspers I. Electronic Cigarettes: Their Constituents
and Potential Links to Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep [Internet].
2017;17(11)
KANDUNGAN ROKOK ELEKTRONIK
Cairan Kimia
Rokok elektronik
ROKOK ELEKTRONIK MEMICU KANKER
Rokok TB
Rokok mengandung 7300 zat kimia Infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb), dapat
sebagian besar karsinogen poten menyerang berbagai organ terutama paru-paru
Potential health effects of electronic cigarettes : A systematic review of case reports. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4: 169-178
ROKOK
ELEKTRONIK,
ADIKSI
NIKOTIN DAN
NARKOBA dr. Adhi Wibowo Nurhidayat, SpKJ(K), MPH
Institute of Mental Health, Addiction, and
Neuroscience
NIKOTIN DALAM ROKOK ELEKTRONIK
“Teens are clearly attracted to the marketable technology and flavorings
seen in vaping devices. However, it is urgent that teens understand the
possible effects of vaping on overall health, the development of the teen
brain, and the potential for addiction.” (Nora Volkow, M.D. – Director of NIDA
(National Institute on Drug Abuse)
• Rokok elektronik menjadi cara masuk baru beragam jenis narkoba. Systematic
review yang pada awalnya mengambil 1603 penelitian, akhirnya mengambil
38 penelitian sebagai acuan. Yang diteliti adalah jenis narkoba, dosis yang
dibutuhkan untuk timbulnya toksisitas, efek toksis, dan penggunaan rokok
elektronik sebagai media/alat menggunakan narkoba tersebut.1
• Dari 861 responden yang diteliti, 39,5 persen mengunakan rokok elektronik
untuk menghisap narkoba. Jenis narkoba yang dikonsumsi menggunakan
rokok elektronik adalah: Ganja ( 18%), ekstasi /MDMA (11.7%), bubuk
kokain(10.9%); kokain crack (8.4%); katinonan sintetis, mefedron (8.5%) dan
α-PVP (7.1%); ganja sintetis (7.8%); opioid, heroin (7.1%) dan fentanil (7.3%);
dan narkoba lainnya termasuk triptamin dan ketamin.2
1. (Andreas K.Breitbarth et al.. E-cigarettes—An unintended illicit drug delivery system. In Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Volume 192,
1 November 2018, Pages 98-111)
2. (Blundell et al., A cloud on the horizon - a survey into the use of electronic vaping devices for recreational drug and new
psychoactive substance (NPS) administration. QJM 111, 9–14. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcx178.)
ROKOK
ELEKTRONIK
DAN
KESEHATAN
ANAK Dr. Wahyuni Indawati, Sp.A(K)
Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia
Children Impact of smoking
Adult
patient
1st
Pediatric patient
2nd
18 yr
neonate underfive adolescense
The main target to
3rd become 1st hand
smoker
ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE AND VAPING
• the most common prototype of electronic
nicotine delivery systems
• e-cigarette heats up a cartridge of solution
and produce vapour inhaled by the user
• contain toxic chemical substances like
propylene glycol, glycerin and carcinogens
such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde
which can bring health risks to human
• marketed as non-addictive, aid for E-cigarette
smoking cessation, accredited and
environmentally friendly which mislead & friends
consumers on their safety and attract the
youth to use
‘ADVANTAGES’ OF E-CIGARETTE
Claimed to be: Almost no legal
• Safer than conventional cigarette control & restriction
• Help smoker to quit • e-cigarette companies are
not currently required to
Facts: report their marketing and
promotional expenditures
The use of products containing nicotine in any form to the U.S. Federal Trade
among youth, including in e-cigarettes, is unsafe Commission (FTC)
Exposure to liquid nicotine found in e-cigarettes in • vast selection available
young children has resulted in thousands of calls to online
poison control centers in US • thousands of ‘vape’ shops
have now opened
Existing research is limited and provides mixed results throughout the country
about the effectiveness of e-cigarettes in helping that allow consumers to
sample and purchase refill
current smokers successfully quit. liquids
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, March 19, 2019
MADE TO ATTRACT CHILDREN
• e-cigarettes typically contains • E-cigarettes are marketed by promoting
nicotine, propylene glycol, flavors and using a wide variety of media
glycerin or some other solvent, channels, approaches that have been used in
the past for marketing conventional tobacco
and other additives. products to youth and young adults
• refill liquids or cartridges often • E-cigarette manufacturers resurrected the
contain flavorings, including fruit marketing practices used by tobacco
and candy flavorings that are not companies for decades to attract kids to
permitted in regular cigarettes smoking
• also come in sweet flavors, such • marketing tactics include ads that reach youth
as chocolate, gummi bear, audiences; sponsorships and free samples at
chocolate chip cookies, and youth-oriented events such as auto races and
strawberry, which have long been music festivals; celebrity spokespeople who
considered attractive to kids depict e-cigarette use as glamorous; social
media marketing;
2. Rokok elektronik mengandung nikotin sehingga menimbulkan kecanduan, dan kandungan nikotin
dalam rokok elektronik tidak terkontrol sehingga mengancam pemakainya semakin teradiksi melebihi
rokok konvensional
3. Nikotin bukan NRT (nicotice replacement therapy) sehingga tidak bisa dijadikan alat bantu berhenti
merokok. Nikotin adalah racun, NRT adalah farmasi.
4. Rokok elektronik tidak menghasilkan TAR dari asap melainkan menghasilkan uap aerosol yang tetap
mengandung zat-zat kimia dari cairan maupun tembakau yang dipanaskan sehingga tetap berisiko
terhadap second hand smoker
5. Peredaran luas rokok elektronik saat ini melibatkan campur tangan industri rokok yang ingin beralih
produk untuk menimbulkan kecanduan baru
6. Penjualan dan promosi rokok elektronik menarget kelompok rentan anak-anak dan remaja
REKOMENDASI
REKOMENDASI KEPADA PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA
MENGENAI ROKOK ELEKTRONIK
Demi memberikan perlindungan kepada masyarakat Indonesia dari bahaya rokok elektronik,
kami merekomendasikan hal-hal berikut kepada Pemerintah Republik Indonesia:
2. Melarang peredaran rokok elektronik di Indonesia karena mengandung zat adiktif nikotin
dan bahan kimia berbahaya