BAB IV

ANALISA

4.1 Data Pengamatan

Suhu Ruang : 27°C
Diameter Roda Jarum Skala : 1,425 mm
Panjang Jarum Skala : 22,5 cm

a) Tabel Pengukuran Alumunium

Suhu awal : 27°C

No Diameter Dalam (cm) Diameter Luar (cm) Panjang (cm)

1 0,0725 0,1075 57,7

2 0,0725 0,1075 57,7
3 0,0725 0,1075 57,7

No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔL)

1 40 2 cm
2 60 2,2 cm
3 80 2,3 cm
4 90 2,4 cm

b) Tabel Pengukuran Tembaga

Suhu awal : 27°C
No Diameter Dalam (cm) Diameter Luar (cm) Panjang (cm)
1 0,075 0,1055 59,9
2 0,074 0,1055 59,9
3 0,075 0,1055 59,9

No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔL)

1 40 1,4 cm
 2 60 1,5 cm
3 80 1,55 cm
4 90 1,6 cm

4.2 Analisa Matematis

4.2.1. Koefisien Muai Panjang (α)
ΔP = ⍺.P0.ΔT
ΔP
⍺ =
P0 .ΔT
dimana:
ΔP = penambaha panjang dibagi 10
ΔT = perubahan suhu (Takhir - Tawal)
P0 = panjang awal
1. Alumunium
ΔP 0,24 0,24
⍺1 = = = = 6,602 × 10-5
P0 .ΔT 57,7 (90−27) 57,7.63
ΔP 0,23 0,23
⍺2 = = = = 7,521 × 10-5
P0 .ΔT 57,7 (80−27) 57,7.53
ΔP 0,22 0,22
⍺3 = = = = 1,159 × 10-4
P0 .ΔT 57,7 (60−27) 57,7.33
ΔP 0,2 0,2
⍺4 = = = = 2,666 × 10-4
P0 .ΔT 57,7 (40−27) 57,7.13
2. Tembaga
ΔP 0,16 0,16
⍺1 = = = = 4,239 × 10-5
P0 .ΔT 59,9 (90−27) 59,9.63
ΔP 0,155 0,155
⍺2 = = = = 4,882 × 10-5
P0 .ΔT 59,9 (80−27) 59,9.53
ΔP 0,15 0,15
⍺3 = = = = 7,588 × 10-5
P0 .ΔT 59,9 (60−27) 59,9.33
ΔP 0,14 0,14
⍺4 = = = = 5,136 × 10-4
P0 .ΔT 59,9 (40−27) 59,9.13
4.2.2. Koefisien Muai Luas (β)
1. Almunium
𝑑𝐿 0,1075
rL = = = 0,05375 cm
2 2
 L0 = P0.Keliling Lingkarang Luar
= P0.2πr
= 57,7 (2 . 3,14. 0,05375)
= 57,7 . 0,33755 = 19,476635 cm2
ΔL = ΔP . 2πr
ΔL1 = ΔP1 . 2πr = 2 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,6751 cm2
ΔL2 = ΔP2 . 2πr = 2,2 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,74261 cm2
ΔL3 = ΔP3 . 2πr = 2,3 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,776365 cm2
ΔL4 = ΔP4 . 2πr = 2,4 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,81012 cm2
No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔP) Penambahan Luas (ΔL)

1 40 2 cm 0,6751 cm2

2 60 2,2 cm 0,74261 cm2

3 80 2,3 cm 0,776365 cm2

4 90 2,4 cm 0,81012 cm2

ΔL = 𝛽 . L0 . Δt
∆𝐿
𝛽 =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡

∆𝐿 0,6751 𝑐𝑚2 0,6751 𝑐𝑚2

𝛽1 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(40−27°𝐶) 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(13°𝐶)
= 0,002666/°C
∆𝐿 0,74261 𝑐𝑚2 0,74261 𝑐𝑚2
𝛽2 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(60−27°𝐶) 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(33°𝐶)
= 0,00115/°C

∆𝐿 0,776365 𝑐𝑚2 0,776365 𝑐𝑚2

𝛽3 = = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(80−27°𝐶) 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(53°𝐶)
0,0007521/°C
∆𝐿 0,81012 𝑐𝑚2 0,81012 𝑐𝑚2
𝛽4 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(90−27°𝐶) 19,476635 𝑐𝑚2 .(63°𝐶)
= 0,0006602/°C
2. Tembaga
 𝑑𝐿 0,1055
rL = = = 0,05275 cm
2 2
L0 = P0 . Keliling Lingkarang Luar
= P0 . 2πr
= 59,9 (2 . 3,14. 0,05375)
= 59,9 . 0,33755 = 20,219245 cm2
ΔL = ΔP . 2πr
ΔL1 = ΔP1 . 2πr = 1,4 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,47257 cm2
ΔL2 = ΔP2 . 2πr = 1,5 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,506325 cm2
ΔL3 = ΔP3 . 2πr = 1,55 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,5232025 cm2
ΔL4 = ΔP4 . 2πr = 1,6 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) = 0,54008 cm2
No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔP) Penambahan Luas (ΔL)

1 40 1,4 cm 0,47257 cm2

2 60 1,5 cm 0,506325 cm2

3 80 1,55 cm 0,5232025 cm2

4 90 1,6 cm 0,54008 cm2

ΔL = 𝛽 . L0 . Δt
∆𝐿
𝛽 =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡

∆𝐿 0,47257 𝑐𝑚2 0,47257 𝑐𝑚2

𝛽1 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 (40−27°𝐶) 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 (13°𝐶)
= 0,001797/°C
∆𝐿 0,506325 𝑐𝑚2 0,506325𝑐𝑚2
𝛽2 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(60−27°𝐶) 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(33°𝐶)
= 0,0007588/°C

∆𝐿 0,5232025 𝑐𝑚2 0,5232025 𝑐𝑚2

𝛽3 = = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(80−27°𝐶) 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(53°𝐶)
0,0004882/°C
∆𝐿 0,54008 𝑐𝑚2 0,54008 𝑐𝑚2
𝛽4 = = =
𝐿0 .∆𝑡 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(90−27°𝐶) 20,219245 𝑐𝑚2 .(63°𝐶)
= 0,0004224/°C
4.2.3. Koefisien Muai Volume (γ)
1. Alumunium
𝑑𝐿 0,1075
rL = = = 0,05375 cm
2 2
V0 = P0 . Keliling Lingkaran Luar . Tebal Logam
= P0 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 57,7 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 57,7 cm (0,33755 cm) (0,035 cm)
= 0,681682225 cm3
ΔV = ΔP . 2πr . (dL - dD)
ΔV1 = ΔP1 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 2 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,0236285 cm3
ΔV2 = ΔP2 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 2,2 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,02599135 cm3
ΔV3 = ΔP3 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 2,3 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,027172775 cm3
ΔV4 = ΔP4 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 2,4 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,0283542 cm3
No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔP) Penambahan Volume (ΔV)

1 40 2 cm 0,0236285 cm3

2 60 2,2 cm 0,02599135 cm3

3 80 2,3cm 0,027172775 cm3

4 90 2,4 cm 0,0283542 cm3

ΔV = γ . V0 . Δt
∆𝑉
𝛾 =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡

∆𝑉 0,0236285 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾1 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 (40−27°C)
 0,0236285 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,002646/°C
0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 . 13°C

∆𝑉 0,02599135 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾2 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 (60−27°C)

0,02599135 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,00155/°C
0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 . 33°C

∆𝑉 0,027172775 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾3 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 (80−27°C)

0,027172775 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,0007521/°C
0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 . 53°C

∆𝑉 0,0283542 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾4 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 (90−27°C)

0,0283542 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,0006602/°C
0,681682225 𝑐𝑚3 . 63°C
2. Tembaga
𝑑𝐿 0,1055
rL = = = 0,05275 cm
2 2
V0 = P0 . Keliling Lingkaran Luar . Tebal Logam
= P0 . 2πr (dL - dD)
= 59,9 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05275 cm) (0,1055 cm – 0,075 cm)
= 59,9 cm (0,33127 cm) (0,0305 cm) = 0,6052137265 cm3
ΔV = ΔP . 2πr . (dL - dD)
ΔV1 = ΔP1 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 1,4 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,014145229 cm3
ΔV2 = ΔP2 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 1,5 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,0151556025 cm3
ΔV3 = ΔP3 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 1,55 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,01566078925 cm3
ΔV4 = ΔP4 . 2πr . (dL - dD)
= 1,6 cm (2 . 3,14 . 0,05375 cm) (0,1075 cm - 0,0725 cm)
= 0,016165976 cm3
No Temperatur (°C) Penambahan (ΔP) Penambahan Volume (ΔV)

1 40 1,4 cm 0,014145229 cm3

2 60 1,5 cm 0,0151556025 cm3

3 80 1,55 cm 0,01566078925 cm3

4 90 1,6 cm 0,016165976 cm3

ΔV = γ .V0 .Δt
∆𝑉
𝛾 =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡

∆𝑉 0,014145229 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾1 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 (40−27°C)

0,014145229 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,005268/°C
0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 . 13°C
∆𝑉 0,0151556025 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾2 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 (60−27°C)

0,0151556025 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,0005765/°C
0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 . 33°C

∆𝑉 0,01566078925 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾3 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 (80−27°C)

0,0151556025 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,0004724/°C
0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 . 53°C

∆𝑉 0,016165976 𝑐𝑚3
𝛾4 = =
𝑉0 . ∆𝑡 0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 (90−27°C)

0,016165976 𝑐𝑚3
= = 0,0004239/°C
0,6052137265 𝑐𝑚3 . 63°C