PIPA

KONSTRUKSI KAP BAJA
~ Diketahui :
~ L = 20 m
~ L1 = 1.1 m
~ t2 = 7 m
~ α = 35 o
~ Jarak kuda-kuda = 4 m
~ Desakan angin = 65 Kg/cm2
~ Bahan penutup atap = Spandek
1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10

20
~ PERHITUNGAN GORDING
Perhitungan
☺ panjang batang
Dik :
~ Panjang Batang = 22 m
~ Jarak Kap = 4 m
~ Tinggi Atap = 7 m
~ σ Angin = 65 Kg/m2
~ Jenis Atap = Spandek
☺ Panjang Bantang Atas

AP2/BP2 = PL2. AL2 = ( 11 )2 . ( 6 )2
= 121 . 36
= 157.0 12.53
Jadi panjang batang 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60 adalah :

12.53
=
10
= 1.253 m
☺ Panjang Bantang Bawah

AL2 = BL2 = AL2 = ( 11 )2
10 10
= 121 = 12.1
10
Jadi panjang batang 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 adalah :

= 12.1
10
= 1.21 m
7 12.3
☺ Tg α = ☺ Tg β =
11 11
= 0.6364 m = 1.1182 m
β = 9.7259 o
= 9o 43' 39,28'
α = 29.744 o
- 9.7259 o
= 20.0181
☺ Panjang Bantang Vertikal

L
S11
S21
A S1 C
S21 = AL2 + AC2 - 2 . AL . AC . Cos 20.0181
= ( 1.253 ) 2
+ ( 1.0000 )
2
- 2 . 1.2527 . 1.0000 . 0.9396
= 1.569 - 2.35407384
= -0.785
= 0.7000 m
Maka batang S23 = 2 . S21 = 2 . 0.7 = 1.4 m

S25 = 3 . S21 = 3 . 0.7 = 2.1 m
S27 = 4 . S21 = 4 . 0.7 = 2.8 m
S29 = 5 . S21 = 5 . 0.7 = 3.5 m
☺ Panjang Bantang Horisontal

L
S22
S11 S21
S2 D
A S1 C
S22 = AL2 + AD2 - 2 . AL . AD . Cos 20.0181

= ( 1.2527 )2 + ( 1.0000 )2 - 2 . 1.2527 . 1.0000 . 0.9396
= 2.57 - 2.35407384
= 0.215
= 1.7949 m
M
S12 S24
L S22 S23
S11 S21 E
S2 D S3
A S1 C
S24 = AM2 + AE2 - 2 . AM . AE . Cos 20.0181
= ( 2.5054 ) 2
+ ( 1.0000 )2
- 2 . 2.5054 . 1.0000 . 0.9396
= 7.28 - 4.70814768
= 2.569
= 2.0668 m
N
S13
M S26
S12 S24 S25
L S23
S11 S22 S4 F
S21 S2 D S3
E
A S1 C
S26 = AN2 + AF2 - 2 . AN . AF . Cos 20.0181
= ( 3.7581 ) 2
+ ( 1.0000 )2
- 2 . 3.7581 . 1.0000 . 0.9396
= 15.12 - 7.06222152
= 8.061
= 2.5104 m
O
S14
N
S13 S28
M S26 S27
S12 S24 S25
L S23 S5 G
S11 S22 S4 F
S21 S2 D S3
E
A S1 C
S28 = AO2 + AG2 - 2 . AN . AG . Cos 20.0181
= ( 5.0108 ) 2
+ ( 1.0000 )
2
- 2 . 5.0108 . 1.0000 . 0.9396
= 26.11 - 9.41629536
= 16.692
= 3.0511 m
No. Batang Panajang Batang
S1 dan S10 m
BATANG BAWAH
S2 dan S9 m
S3 dan S8 m
S4 dan S7 m
S5 dan S6 m
S11 dan S20 1.2527

BATANG ATAS
S12 dan S19 1.2527
S13 dan S18 1.2527
S14 dan S17 1.2527
S15 dan S16 1.2527
S21 dan S37 0.7

BATANG VERTIKAL
S23 dan S35 1.4
S25 dan S33 2.1

BATANG VERTIKAL
S25 dan S33 2.1
S27 dan S31 2.8
S29 3.5
BATANG DIAGONAL
S22 dan S36 1.7949
S24 dan S34 2.0668
S26 dan S32 2.5104
S28 dan S30 3.0511
PERHITUNGAN BEBAN
☺ Beban Mati
Jarak kap/kuda-kuda = 4 m
Berat Atap seng Gelombang (g) = 10 Kg/m2
Keimiringan Atap (α) = 35 o
Perhitungan Beban
qx1 = q . Sin 35 Dimana q = 10 . Jarak Gording
= 13.9188889 . 0.5735 = 10 . 1.392
= 7.9825 Kg/m = 13.91889
qy1 = q . Cos 35
= 13.9188889 . 0.8191
= 11.4009619 Kg/m
Perhitungan Momen Maximum

Mx1 = 1/8 . qx1 . L2
= 1/8 . 7.9825 . 4 2
= 15.9649656 Kg/m
My1 = 1/8 . qy1 . L2

= 1/8 . 11.4010 . 4 2
= 22.8019238 Kg/m
☺ Beban Angin
Tekanan tiup angin di laut dan tepi laut sampai sejauh 5 km dari tepi pantai harus diambil
minimum 40 Kg/m2
Koefisien angin tekan
C1 = 0.02 . α - 0.4
= 0.02 . 35 - 0.4
= 0.3
Koefisien angin isap

C2 = - 0.4
Perhitungan Beban
qy2 = C1 . Jarak Gording . Desakan angin (w)
= 0.3 . 1.392 . 65
= 27.1418 Kg/m
qy2 = C2 . Jarak Gording . Desakan angin (w)

= 0.4 . 1.392 . 65
= 36.189 Kg/m

M max = 1/8 . q . L2
My2 = 1/8 . qy2 . L2
= 1/8 . 36.1891 . 4 2
= 72.37822222 Kg/m
Mx2 = 0
☺ Beban Hidup
Beban Hidup ( P ) diambil 100 kg
Px3 = P . Sin 35
= 100 . 0.5735
= 57.3500 Kg/m
Py3 = P . Cos 35
= 100 . 0.8191
= 81.91 Kg/m

M max = 1/4 . P . L
Mx3 = 1/4 . Px3 . L
= 1/4 . 57.3500 . 4
= 57.35 Kg/m
My3 = 1/4 . Py3 . L
= 1/4 . 81.9100 . 4
= 81.91 Kg/m
☺ Beban Gording
Berat Gording digunakan profil CNP 16 dengan berat 18.8 kg
b
e
q sin α
h q q Cos α
Perhitungan Beban
qx4 = q . Sin 35
= 18.8 . 0.5735
= 10.7818 Kg/m
qy4 = q . Cos 35
= 18.8 . 0.8191
= 15.39908 Kg/m

Mx4 = 1/8 . qx4 . L2
= 1/8 . 10.7818 . 4 2
= 21.5636 Kg/m
My4 = 1/8 . qy4 . L2

= 1/8 . 15.3991 . 4 2
= 30.79816 Kg/m
Y
b
r
d
e b/2
Ukuran-ukuran dalam ( mm ) Berat Sumbu lentur x-x

[ Profil e mm [
h b d t=r r1 Kg/m Ix Wx ix
16 160 65 7.5 10.5 5.5 24.0 18.8 18.4 16 9.25 116 6.21
KOMBINASI PEMBEBANAN
Pembebanan yang dikombinasikan yaitu antara beban tetap dengan beban sementara dan hasil
penjumlahan tersebut nilai yang terbesar ( Kritis ) penjumlahan beban dilaksanakan berdasarkan arah
sumbunya . Adapun kombinasinya adalah :
I = a + b + d
II = a + c + d
Dimana :
a = Beban Mati
b = Beban Angin
c = Beban Hidup
d = Beban Gording
Beban beban searah sumbu X

MI = MxI + Mx2 + Mx4
= 15.96496556 + 72.378222 + 21.5636
= 109.9067878 kgm
MII = MxI + Mx3 + Mx4

= 15.96496556 + 57.35 + 21.5636
= 94.87856556 kgm
Beban beban searah sumbu Y

MI = MyI + My2 + My4
= 22.80192378 + 72.378222 + 30.79816
= 125.978306 kgm
MII = MyI + My3 + My4

= 22.80192378 + 81.91 + 30.79816
= 135.5100838 kgm
Dari hasil perhitungan diambil yang terbesar yaitu :

Mx = 109.9067878 kgm
= 10990.67878 kgcm
My = 135.5100838 kgm
= 13551.00838 kgcm
Kontrol tegangan
Dengan mutu baja st 34 diperoleh σa = 1400 Kg/cm2
Karena digunakan profil CNP 16
maka dari tabel baja diperoleh :
Wx = 116
Wy = 18.3
Mx My
σ ytd = +
Wx Wy
10990.67878 13551.008
= +
116 18.3
= 94.74723084 + 740.49226
= 835.2394919 < 1400 Kg/cm2
Kontrol tegangan
Dari tabel profil baja untuk profil diperoleh
Ix = 925 cm
Iy = 85.3 cm
qx1 = 10.002 kg/m
qy1 = 17.504 kg/m
Px3 = 20.004 kg/m
Py = 35.008 kg/m
E = 2.1 . 10.6 kg/m
Lendutan untuk beban titik terpusat

P . L3
F =
48 . E . I
Lendutan untuk beban merata

P . q . L4
F =
384 . E . I
Lendutan yang terjadi diakibatkan oleh beban mati (beban merata ) dan beban hidup ( beban terpusat )
dimana lendutan ini harus lebih kecil dari lendutan yang diizinkan ( f ) penjumlahan lendutan yang
diakibatkan oleh beban didfasarkan arah sumbu
Ledutan searah sumbu x
5 . qx . L4 Px . L3
fx = +
384 . E . Iy 48 . E . Iy
5 . 0.10002 . 400 4 20.004 400 3
= +
384 . 2.1 . 10 .6
. 85.3 48 . 2.1 . 10.6 . 85.3
12802560000 1280256000
= +
68785920000 8598240000
= 0.1861 + 0.1488974
= 0.3350 cm
Ledutan searah sumbu x

5 . qy . L4 Py . L3
fx = +
384 . E . Ix 48 . E . Ix
5 . 0.17504 . 400 4 35.008 400 3
= +
384 . 2.1 . 10.6 . 925 48 . 2.1 . 10.6 . 925
22405120000 2240512000
= +
745920000000 93240000000
= 0.0300 + 0.0240295
= 0.0541 cm
Sehingga Ledutan yang terjadi

y tjd = fx2 + fy2 < F
= 0.3350 2
+ 0.0541 2 < F
= 0.1152
= 0.33941 cm
L
F =
250
400
=
250
= 1.6 cm > 0.33941 cm
PERHITUNGAN KUDA-KUDA
☺ Beban Atap ( Pa )
Digunakan atap seng asbes dengan berat sendiri = 10 Kg/m2
Pa = qa . C . Jarak gording
= 10 . 4 . 1.392
= 55.67555556 kg
☺ Beban Gording ( Pb )
Dalam hal ini digunakan profil yang telah memenuhi syarat yaitu profil CNP 16
qb = 18.8 kg/m. Maka beban gording adalah
Pb = qb . C .
= 18.8 . 4
= 75.2 kg
☺ Berat kuda-kuda
Dalam menentukan berat kuda-kuda untuk tiap titik simpul dengan reumus empiris
( L + 2 s/d 5 ) L . C
Pk =
n-1
( 20 + 5 ) 20 . 4
=
11 - 1
= 200
Jadi beban tetap yang terjadi pada titik simpul L, M N O P Q R S T
Pt = Pa + Pb + Pk
= 55.67555556 + 75.2 + 200
= 330.8755556 kg
Jadi beban tetap yang terjadi pada titik simpul A dan B

330.8755556
Pt =
2
= 165.4377778 kg
Untuk titik sipul K. Beban tetap yang terjadi adalah :

Pt = Pa + 2 . Pb + Pk
= 55.67555556 + 2 . 75.2 + 200
= 406.0755556 kg
TEBAL MUATAN AKIBAT BEBAN TETAP

TITIK SIMPUL A dan B L dan T M dan S N dan R O dan Q P
Pa ( Kg ) 27.837778 55.67555556 55.6755556 55.6755556 55.67556 55.6755556
Pb ( Kg ) 37.6 75.2 75.2 75.2 75.2 150.4
Pk ( Kg ) 100 200 200 200 200 200
P total ( Kg ) 165.43778 330.8755556 330.875556 330.875556 330.8756 406.075556
☺ Perhitungan Reaksi
RA = RB = 1/2 [ ( 2 . 165.4377778 ) + ( 8 . 330.87556 )+( 406.075556
= 1/2 ( 330.87556 + 2647 + 406.075556 )
= 1/2 ( 3383.9556 )
= 1691.97778 kg
PTP
PTO PTQ
P
PTN
Q
O PTR
PTM PTS
N R
PTL M
PTA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
Pembebanan Untuk Muatan Tetap
RA
☺ Beban Hidup
Untuk Tiap Tiap Titik Simpul = 100 kg
11 . P
RA = RB =
2
11 . 100
=
2
= 550 Kg
PP
PO PQ
P
PN
Q
O PR
PM PS
N R
PL M
PA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
Pembebanan Untuk Muatan Hidup
RA
☺ Beban Hidup
Tekanan angin kiri ( w ) = 60 Kg/m2
Angin Tekan
Nilai koefisien yang digunakan C1 = 0.194
Beban yang bekerja adalah :
WtA = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )
= 29.162856
WtL = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtM = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtN = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtO = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtP = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

= 29.162856
Angin Isap
Nilai koefisien yang digunakan C1 = -0.4
WiP = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )
= -60.1296
WiQ = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiR = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiS = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiT = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253
= -120.2592
WiB = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

= -60.1296
WIP WTP
WIO WTQ
P
WIN
Q
O WTR
WIM WTS
N R
WIL M
WIA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
RA
Tekanan angin kanan ( w ) = 60 Kg/m2

Angin Tekan
Nilai koefisien yang digunakan C1 = 0.194
WtB = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )
= 29.162856
WtT = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtS = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtR = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtQ = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= 58.325712
WtP = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

= 29.162856
Angin Isap
Nilai koefisien yang digunakan C2 = -0.4
WiP = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )
= -60.1296
WiO = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiN = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiM = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiL = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

= -120.2592
WiA = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

= -60.1296
PTP
PTO PTQ
P
PTN
Q
O PTR
PTM PTS
N R
PTL M
PTA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
MUATAN TETAP
RA
PP
PO PQ
P
PN
Q
O PR
PM PS
N R
PL M
PA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
MUATAN HIDUP
RA
WIP WTP
WIO WTQ
P
WIN
Q
O WTR
WIM WTS
N R
WIL M
WIA
L
G
E F H I
D J
D J
C
A
ANGIN KANAN
RA
WTP WIP
WTO WIQ
P
WTN
Q
O WIR
WTM WIS
N R
WTL M
WTA
L
G
E F H I
D J
C
A
ANGIN KIRI
RA
TITIK SIMPUL BEBAN ( Kg )

WTA 29.1629
ANGIN TEKAN
WTL 58.3257
WTM 58.3257
WTN 58.3257
WTO 58.3257
WTP 29.1629
WIP -60.1296
WIQ
ANGIN ISAP
-120.2592
WIR -120.2592
WIS -120.2592
WIT -120.2592
WIB -60.1296
WTB 29.1629
ANGIN TEKAN
ANGIN TEKAN
WTT 58.3257
WTS 58.3257
WTR 58.3257
WTQ 58.3257
WTP 29.1629
WIP -60.1296
WIO
ANGIN ISAP
-120.2592
WIN -120.2592
WIM -120.2592
WIL -120.2592
WIA -60.1296
MENDIMENSI BATANG
A. Batang Atas
Digunakan profil tersususn yang sama untuk semua batang atas. Jadi yang meentukan adalah gaya
batang Max pada batang atas.
Dik : P Max = 4950 Kg = 4.95 ton
LK = 1.2527 m = Lx = Ly = 125.27 cm
σa = 1200 Kg/m
Menurut rumus Euler n = 4

I Min = 0.483 . n . P . LK2
= 0.483 . 4 . 4.95 .( 1.2527 )2 .
= 15.00743517 Cm4
Digunakan profil tersusun , jadi untuk 1 profil :

I Min = 1/2 . 15.00743517 = 7.503717584 Cm4
Dari daftar baja di coba memakai 65 . ### . 9 Dengan :

Ix : Iy = 41.3 Cm4
ix : iy = 1.94 Cm4
F = 11 Cm2
e = 1.93 Cm
Lk 125.27
λx = = = 64.57216495 αx = 0.3926
ix 1.94
Lk 125.27
λy = = = 64.57216495 αy = 0.3926
iy 1.94
Daya dukung batang maksimum

Px = αx . F . σa
= 0.3926 .( 2 . 11 ). 1200
= 10364.64 kg > P max = 4950 kg
Kontrol Terhadap Sumbu Bebas Bahan 65 65

Profil 65 . 65 . 9 e t e
e = 1.93
Tebal plat buhul t t = 1 cm

a = e + t/2
= 1.93 + 0.5
= 2.43
Momen Kelembaman teoritis a a
Iyt = 2 ( Iy + F . a2 )
= 2 ( 41.3 + 11 .( 2.43 2
) )
= 212.5078 cm 4
Iy fiktif = 0.9 . Iyt

= 0.9 . 212.5078
= 191.25702 cm4
191.25702 191.25702
Iy fiktif = = = 8.6935009091 = 2.9485 cm
2 . F 2 . 11
Ly 125.27
λy fiktif = = = 42.48644212 αy fik = 0.6843
iy fik 2.9485
Daya dukung bahan terhadap sumbu bebas bahan

Py = αy fik . αy . F . σa
= 0.6843 . 0.3926 .( 2 . 11 ). 1200
= 7092.523152 kg < P beban = 4950 kg
Jadi untuk memenuhi agar profil tersusun yangkita gunakan dapat menerima beban tersusun, maka
batang atau panjang tekuk diperpendek dengan memberi koppel.
Py = αy fik . αy1 . F . σa
Py
αy1 =
αy fik . F . σa
4950
=
0.6843 .( 2 . 11 ) . 1200
4950
=
18065.52
= 0.2740
dari tabel didapat λy1 = 124.3
Ly1 = λy 1 - iy 1
= 124.3 - 1.94
= 122.360
125.27
Banyaknya tegangan "n" =
122.360
= 1.0238 dipakai 3 lapangan
Panjang tekuk ( Lk ) menjadi

125.27 41.756667
Lk = λy1 =
3 1.94
= 41.75666667 = 21.524055 Didapat α1 = 0.8198
σtk = αy fik . α1 . σa
= 0.6843 . 0.8198 . 1200
= 673.186968 Kg/m2
Tegangan yang terjadi

P 4950
σytd A = =
F 2 . 11
= 225 Kg/m2 < σtk = 673.186968 Kg/m2
Perhitungan Koppel
Profil 65 . 65 . 9 dengan Ø baut = 2 cm Tebal Plat Koppel f
Pada saat terjadinya bahaya tekuk akan terjadi gaya geser dalam arah memanjang sebesar
D . LK
L =
2 . a
D = 0.015 . P
= 0.015 . 4950
= 74.25 kg
2a = 2 . e + Jarak punggung profil

= 2 . 1.93 + 1
= 4.86 cm
74.25 . 41.756667
L =
4.86
= 637.9490741 kg
C1 2 d
C h 5 d
C1 2 d
C1 = Ø . 2 C = Ø . 5
= 2 . 2 = 2 . 5
= 4 cm = 10 cm
Mmax = L . 1/2 . ln
= 637.9490741 . 1/2 [ ( 2 . w )+ t ]
= 637.9490741 . 1/2 [ 2 . 4.6 ) + 1 ]
= 3253.540278
I Bruto = 1/12 . b . h3
= 1/12 . 0.5 . 18 3
= 243 cm4
I perlemahan = 2 . d . b ( C/2 )2
= 2 . 2 . 0.5 ( ### / 2 )2
= 50
I netto = I Bruto - I perlemahan

= 243 - 50
= 193
I netto 193
Wn = = = 21.4444444444 cm3
1/2 h 1/2 . ###
Mmax 3253.5403
T = = = 151.719 < σa = 1200
Wn 21.4444
Plat Koppel Dalam Keadaan Seimbang

L . ln 637.949074 . 8
N = = = 510.35925926
C 10
V = 1/2 . L = 1/2 . 637.94907 = 318.97453704
H = N/2 = 510.359259 / 2 = 255.17962963
Gaya max yang diterima 1buah baut

R = V2 + H2
= ( 318.974537 )2 + ( 255.1796296 )2
= 166861.39865591
= 1271.3529
Sambungan bertampang Satu

Ø paku = 2 cm = 20 mm
Tebal plat koppel = 0.5

Harga Batas q = 3.2
f min = 3.2 . 0.5
= 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
Jadi perhitungan baut berdasarkan desakan

Pds = f min . 2 . d . σa
= 0.5 . 2 . 2 . 1200
= 2400 kg
Pds = 2400 kg > R = 1271.3529

B Batang Diagonal ( - ) Tekan
Dik : P Max = 1043 Kg = 1.043 ton
LK = 3.0511 m = Lx = Ly = 305.1139 cm
σa = 1200 Kg/m
Menurut rumus Euler n = 4

I Min = 0.483 . n . P . LK2
= 0.483 . 4 . 1.043 .( 3.0511 )2 .
= 18.75924765 Cm 4
Digunakan profil tersusun , jadi untuk 1 profil :

I Min = 1/2 . 18.75924765 = 9.379623825 Cm4
Dari daftar baja di coba memakai 40 . ### . 5 Dengan :

Ix : Iy = 5.43 Cm4
ix : iy = 1.7 Cm4
F = 3.79 Cm2
e = 1.16 Cm
Lk 305.1139
λx = = = 179.4787647 αx = 0.1346
ix 1.7
Lk 305.1139
λy = = = 179.4787647 αy = 0.1346
iy 1.7
Daya dukung batang maksimum

Px = αx . F . σa
= 0.1346 .( 2 . 3.79 ). 1200
= 1224.3216 kg > P max = 1043 kg
Kontrol Terhadap Sumbu Bebas Bahan 40 40

Profil 40 . 40 . 5 e t e
e = 1.16
Tebal plat buhul t t = 1 cm

a = e + t/2
= 1.16 + 0.5
= 1.66
a a
Momen Kelembaman teoritis
Iyt = 2 ( Iy + F . a2 )
= 2 ( 5.43 + 3.79 .( 1.66 2
) )
= 31.747448 cm 4
Iy fiktif = 0.9 . Iyt

= 0.9 . 31.747448
= 28.5727032 cm4
28.5727032 28.5727032
Iy fiktif = = = 3.7694859103 = 1.9415 cm
2 . F 2 . 3.8
Ly 305.1139
λy fiktif = = = 157.1523686 αy fik = 0.6843
iy fik 1.9415
Daya dukung bahan terhadap sumbu bebas bahan

Py = αy fik . αy . F . σa
= 0.6843 . 0.1346 .( 2 . 3.79 ). 1200
= 837.8032709 kg < P beban = 1043 kg
Jadi untuk memenuhi agar profil tersusun yangkita gunakan dapat menerima beban tersusun, maka
batang atau panjang tekuk diperpendek dengan memberi koppel.
Py = αy fik . αy1 . F . σa
Py
αy1 =
αy fik . F . σa
1043
=
0.6843 .( 2 . 3.79 ) . 1200
1043
=
6224.3928
= 0.168
dari tabel didapat λy1 = 158.5
Ly1 = λy 1 - iy 1
= 158.5 - 1.7
= 156.800
305.1139
Banyaknya tegangan "n" =
156.800
= 1.9459 dipakai 3 lapangan
Panjang tekuk ( Lk ) menjadi

305.1139 101.70463
Lk = λy1 =
3 1.7
= 101.7046333 = 59.826255 Didapat α1 = 0.516
σtk = αy fik . α1 . σa
= 0.6843 . 0.516 . 1200
= 423.71856 Kg/m2

P 1043
σytd A = =
F 2 . 3.79
= 137.598945 Kg/m2 < σtk = 423.71856 Kg/m2
Perhitungan Koppel
Profil 40 . 40 . 5 dengan Ø baut = 1.1 cm Tebal plat koppel
Pada saat terjadinya bahaya tekuk akan terjadi gaya geser dalam arah memanjang sebesar
D . LK
L =
2 . a
D = 0.015 . P
= 0.015 . 1043
= 15.645 kg
2a = 2 . e + Jarak punggung profil

= 2 . 1.16 + 1
= 3.32 cm
15.645 . 101.70463
L =
3.32
= 479.2677676 kg
C1 2 d
C h 5 d
C1 2 d
C1 = Ø . 2 C = Ø . 5
= 1.1 . 2 = 1.1 . 5
= 2.2 cm = 5.5 cm
Mmax = L . 1/2 . ln
= 479.2677676 . 1/2 [ ( 2 . w )+ t ]
= 479.2677676 . 1/2 [ 2 . 2.83 ) + 1 ]
= 1595.961666
I Bruto = 1/12 . b . h3
= 1/12 . 0.5 . 15 3
= 140.625 cm4
I perlemahan = 2 . d . b ( C/2 )2
= 2 . 1.1 . 0.5 ( 5.5 / 2 )2
= 8.31875
I netto = I Bruto - I perlemahan

= 140.625 - 8.31875
= 132.30625
I netto 132.30625
Wn = = = 17.640833333 cm3
1/2 h 1/2 . 15

Mmax 1595.9617
T = = = 90.470 < σa = 1200
Wn 17.6408
Plat Koppel Dalam Keadaan Seimbang

L . ln 479.267768 . 5.4
N = = = 470.55380821
C 5.5
V = 1/2 . L = 1/2 . 479.26777 = 239.63388381
H = N/2 = 470.553808 / 2 = 235.2769041
Gaya max yang diterima 1buah baut

R = V2 + H2
= ( 239.6338838 )2 + ( 235.2769041 )2
= 112779.61987503
= 335.8268
Sambungan bertampang Satu

Ø paku = 1.1 cm = 11 mm
Tebal plat koppel = 0.5

Harga Batas = q 3.2
f min = 3.2 . 0.5
= 1.6 > Ø baut = 1.1 cm
Karena f min > dari daimeter baut maka perhitungan yang digunakan adalah :
Jadi perhitungan baut berdasarkan Geser
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.1 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 1823.712
Pgs = 1823.712 kg > R = 335.8268

paku keling cukup kuat
C Batang Vertikal
Dik : P ekstrim = 2356 Kg
LK = 3.5 m
σa = 1200 Kg/m
Dalam mendefinisikan batang tarik digunakan luas penampang bersih ( F netto) dan tegangan tarik yang
diizinkan maximal 0.75 x Tegangan dasar
σtk = 0.75 . 1600 kg/cm2
= 1200 kg/cm2
2356
Fperlu =
1200
= 1.9633 cm2
Untuk profil 45 . 45 . 5 dengan perlemahan baut Ø 1.4 cm dengan data Sbb:
Ix : Iy = 7.83 Cm4 Y
ix : iy = 1.35 Cm
t = 0.5 Cm2
Fb = 4.3 Cm X
Sehingga Fnetto = Fb - n . t . d
= 4.3 - 2 . 0.5 . 1.4
= 2.9 > 1.9633
2356
σ ytd =
2.9
σ ytd < σ ltr
812.4137931 < 1200
B Batang Bawah
Dik : P ekstrim = 4356 Kg
LK = m m
σa = 1200 Kg/m
Dalam mendefinisikan batang tarik digunakan luas penampang bersih ( F netto) dan tegangan tarik yang
diizinkan maximal 0.75 x Tegangan dasar
σtk = 0.75 . 1600 kg/cm2
= 1200 kg/cm2
4356
Fperlu =
1200
= 3.6300 cm2
Untuk profil 65 . 65 . 11 dengan perlemahan 2 baut Ø 2 cm dengan data sebagai be
Ix : Iy = 48.8 Cm4 Y
ix : iy = 1.91 Cm
t = 1.1 Cm2
Fb = 13.2 Cm X
Sehingga Fnetto = Fp - n . t' . d
= 13.2 - 2 . 1.1 . 1.4
= 10.12 > 3.6300
4356
σ ytd = = 430.4347826
10.12
σ ytd < σ ltr
430.4347826 < 1200
PERHITUNGAN SAMBUNGAN
A. Sambungan titik Buhul A
Perhitungan plat penyambung ( Lihat Gambar )

65.65.9 Batang No. 11
65 . 65 . 9
A P = 4950 Kg
65.65.11
Sambungan bertampang Dua tebal plat buhul d min =
Lawan tebal profil 2 . 0.9 = 1.8 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.8 cm
Jadi perhitungan berdasarkan desakan
Pds = dmin . d . σa
= 1 . ( 1.8 . 1.8 ) . 1200
= 3888 Kg
Banyaknya baut yang digunakan
P 4950
n = = = 1.2731 Digunakan 2 baut
Pds 3888
Kontrol terhadap eksentrisitas

w
P = 4950 Kg
4.5 9 4.5
e = 1.93
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 1.93 = 1.57 Cm
t = 10 cm
Sambungan dalam keadaan seimbang

P . c
V =
t
4950 1.57
=
10
= 777.15
Untuk 1 Baut
P 4950
N = = = 2475 Kg
2 2
Gaya Maksimum yang diterima 1 Baut
R = V 2 + N 2
= 777.15 2 + 2475 2
= 6729587.1225
= 2594.144777
Tegangan Desak yang terjadi
R
σ s =
dmin . d
2594.144777
=
1 . 2
= 1441.1915 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 1441.1915 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Banyak Baut yang digunakan Cukup Kuat
Batang No.1
65 . 65 . 11
P = 4356 Kg
Sambungan bertampang Dua tebal plat buhul d min = 1 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2.2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 5280 Kg

P 4356
Pds 5280

w
P = 4356 Kg
5.5 11 5.5
e = 2
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 2 = 1.5 Cm
t = 10 cm
P . c
V =
t
4356 1.5
=
10
= 653.4
Untuk 1 Baut
P 4356
N = = = 2178 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 653.4 2 + 2178 2
= 5170615.56
= 2273.8988

R
σ s =
dmin . d
2273.898758
=
1 . 2
= 1033.5903 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 1033.5903 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
B. Sambungan titik Buhul L

12
65.65.9 Perhitungan plat penyambung ( Lihat Gambar )
11 40.40.5 Batang No. 12
45.45.5 65 . 65 . 9
22 P = 4420 Kg
21 Sambungan bertampang Dua tebal plat buhul d min =
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.8 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4320 Kg

P 4420
Pds 4320

w
e
h P = 4420
4.5 9 4.5
e = 1.93
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 1.93 = 1.57 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
4420 1.57
=
10
= 693.94
Untuk 1 Baut
P 4420
N = = = 2210 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 693.94 2 + 2210 2
= 5365652.7236
= 2316.387861
R
σ s =
dmin . d
2316.387861
=
1 . 2
= 1286.8821 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 1286.8821 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.22
40 . 40 . 5
P = 624 Kg
Lawan tebal profil 2 . 0.5 = 1 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 1 ) . 1200
= 2400 Kg

P 624
N = = = 0.2600 Digunakan 2 baut
Pds 2400

w
P = 624 Kg
2.5 5 2.5
e = 1.16
w = 2.2
c = w - e = 2.2 - 1.16 = 1.04 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
624 1.04
=
10
= 64.896
Untuk 1 Baut
P 624
N = = = 312 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 64.896 2 + 312 2
= 101555.490816
= 318.6777

R
σ s =
dmin . d
318.6777225
=
1 . 1
= 318.6777 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 318.6777 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
C. Sambungan titik Buhul C
21 Perhitungan plat penyambung ( Lihat Gambar )

Batang No. 1 Dan No. 2
45.45.5 65 . 65 . 11
2 P = 4356 Kg
Sambungan bertampang Dua tebal plat buhul d min =
65.65.11
1 Lawan tebal profil 2 . 1.1 = 2.2 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2.2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 5280 Kg

n = 0
V = 0
N = 0
D. Sambungan titik Buhul M

13
12 Batang No. 13
40.40.5
65 . 65 . 9
45.45.5 24 P = 3890 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.8 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4320 Kg
P 3890
Pds 4320

w
e
h P = 3890
4.5 9 4.5
e = 1.93
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 1.93 = 1.57 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
3890 1.57
=
10
= 610.73
Untuk 1 Baut
P 3890
N = = = 1945 Kg
2 2
R = V 2 + N 2
= 610.73 2 + 1945 2
= 4156016.1329
= 2038.630946
R
σ s =
dmin . d
2038.630946
=
1 . 2
= 1132.5727 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 1132.5727 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.24
40 . 40 . 5
P = 706 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.1 cm
Karena q > Diameter baut
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.1 2 . ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 1823.712

P 706
Pds 1823.712

w
P = 706 Kg
2.75 5.5 2.75
e = 1.16
w = 2.2
c = w - e = 2.2 - 1.16 = 1.04 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
706 1.04
=
10
= 73.424
Untuk 1 Baut
P 706
N = = = 353 Kg
2 2
R = V 2 + N 2
= 73.424 2 + 353 2
= 130000.083776
= 360.5552

R
σ s =
dmin . d
360.5552437
=
1 . 1.1
= 327.7775 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 327.7775 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
E. Sambungan titik Buhul D

22 45.45.5 Batang No. 23
45 . 45 . 5
40.40.5 3 P = 168 Kg
65.65.11
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 > Ø baut = 1.4 cm
Jadi perhitungan berdasarkan geser
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.4 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 2954.112
P 168
Pds 2954.112

w
e
h P = 168
h
3.5 7 3.5
e = 1.28
w = 2.5
c = w - e = 2.5 - 1.28 = 1.22 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
168 1.22
=
10
= 20.496
Untuk 1 Baut
P 168
N = = = 84 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 20.496 2 + 84 2
= 7476.086016
= 86.46436269

R
σ s =
dmin . d
86.46436269
=
1 . 1.4
= 61.7603 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σ
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 61.7603 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.3
65 . 65 . 11
P = 3886 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4800 Kg

P 3886
Pds 4800

w
P = 3886 Kg
5 10 5
e = 2
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 2 = 1.5 Cm
t = 10 cm
P . c
V =
t
3886 1.5
=
10
= 582.9
Untuk 1 Baut
P 3886
N = = = 1943 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 582.9 2 + 1943 2
= 4115021.41
= 2028.5516

R
σs =
σs =
dmin . d
2028.551555
=
1 . 2
= 1014.2758 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 1014.2758 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
F. Sambungan titik Buhul E

24 45.45.5 Batang No. 25
45 . 45 . 5
40.40.5 4 P = 486 Kg
65.65.11
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.4 cm
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.4 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 2954.112
P 486
Pds 2954.112

w
e
h P = 486
3.5 7 3.5
e = 1.28
w = 2.5
c = w - e = 2.5 - 1.28 = 1.22 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
486 1.22
=
10
= 59.292
Untuk 1 Baut
P 486
N = = = 243 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 59.292 2 + 243 2
= 62564.541264
= 250.1290492

R
σ s =
dmin . d
250.1290492
=
=
1 . 1.4
= 178.6636 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 178.6636 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.4
65 . 65 . 11
P = 3416 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4800 Kg

P 3416
Pds 4800

w
P = 3416 Kg
5 10 5
e = 2
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 2 = 1.5 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
3416 1.5
=
10
= 512.4
Untuk 1 Baut
P 3416
N = = = 1708 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 512.4 2 + 1708 2
= 3179817.76
= 1783.2044

R
σ s =
dmin . d
1783.204352
=
1 . 2
= 891.6022 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 891.6022 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
G. Sambungan titik Buhul N
14
13 40.40.5 Batang No. 14
65 . 65 . 9
45.45.5 26 P = 3360 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4800 Kg

P 3360
Pds 4800

w
e
h P = 3360
5 10 5
e = 1.93
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 1.93 = 1.57 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
3360 1.57
=
10
= 527.52
Untuk 1 Baut
P 3360
N = = = 1680 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 527.52 2 + 1680 2
= 3100677.3504
= 1760.87403

R
σ s =
dmin . d
1760.87403
=
1 . 2
= 880.4370 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 880.4370 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.26
40 . 40 . 5
P = 861 Kg
Lawan tebal profil 2 . 1 = 2 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.1 cm
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.1 2 . ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 1823.712
P 861
Pds 1823.712

w
P = 861 Kg
2.75 5.5 2.75
e = 1.16
w = 2.2
c = w - e = 2.2 - 1.16 = 1.04 Cm
t = 10 cm
P . c
V =
t
861 1.04
=
10
= 89.544
Untuk 1 Baut
P 861
N = = = 430.5 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 89.544 2 + 430.5 2
= 193348.377936
= 439.7140

R
σ s =
dmin . d
439.7139729
=
1 . 1.1
= 399.7400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 399.7400 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
H. Sambungan titik Buhul O
15
14 40.40.5 Batang No. 15
65 . 65 . 9
45.45.5 28 P = 2824 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4800 Kg

P 2824
Pds 4800

w
e
h P = 2824
5 10 5
e = 1.93
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 1.93 = 1.57 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
2824 1.57
=
10
= 443.368
Untuk 1 Baut
P 2824
N = = = 1412 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 443.368 2 + 1412 2
= 2190319.183424
= 1479.972697

R
σ s =
dmin . d
1479.972697
=
1 . 2
= 739.9863 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 739.9863 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.28
40 . 40 . 5
P = 1043 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.1 cm
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.1 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 1823.712
P 1043
Pds 1823.712

w
P = 1043 Kg
2.75 5.5 2.75
e = 2
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 2 = 1.5 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
1043 1.5
=
10
= 156.45
Untuk 1 Baut
P 1043
N = = = 521.5 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 156.45 2 + 521.5 2
= 296438.8525
= 544.4620

R
σs =
dmin . d
544.4619844
=
=
1 . 1.1
= 494.9654 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 494.9654 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
I. Sambungan titik Buhul F

26 45.45.5 Batang No. 27
45 . 45 . 5
40.40.5
5 P = 720 Kg
65.65.11
Lawan tebal profil 2 . 1 = 2 cm
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.4 cm
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.4 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 2954.112
P 720
Pds 2954.112

w
e
h P = 720
3.5 7 3.5
e = 1.28
w = 2.5
c = w - e = 2.5 - 1.28 = 1.22 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
720 1.22
=
10
= 87.84
Untuk 1 Baut
P 720
N = = = 360 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 87.84 2 + 360 2
= 137315.8656
= 370.5615544

R
σ s =
dmin . d
370.5615544
=
1 . 1.4
= 264.6868 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 264.6868 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
Batang No.5
65 . 65 . 11
P = 2942 Kg
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 2 cm
= 1 . ( 2 . 2 ) . 1200
= 4800 Kg

P 2942
Pds 4800

w
P = 2942 Kg
5 10 5
e = 2
w = 3.5
c = w - e = 3.5 - 2 = 1.5 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
2942 1.5
=
10
= 441.3
Untuk 1 Baut
P 2942
N = = = 1471 Kg
2 2

R = V 2 + N 2
= 441.3 2 + 1471 2
= 2358586.69
= 1535.7691

R
σ s =
dmin . d
1535.769087
=
1 . 2
= 767.8845 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 767.8845 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
J. Sambungan titik Buhul G
45.45.5
40.40.5 40.40.5 Perhitungan plat penyambung ( Lihat Gambar )
29 Batang No. 29
28
30 ### . 45 . 5
P = 2354 Kg
65.65.11 65.65.11 Sambungan bertampang Dua tebal plat buhul d min =
5 6 Lawan tebal profil 2 . 0.5 = 1
Harga batas
q = 1.6 dmin = 1.6 . 1 = 1.6 < Ø baut = 1.4 cm
Pgs = 2 . 1/4 . π . d2 . σ
= 2 . 1/4 . 3.14 . 1.4 2
. ( 0.8 . 1200 )
= 2954.112
P 2354
Pds 2954.112

w
e
h P = 2354
3.5 7 3.5
e = 1.28
w = 2.5
c = w - e = 2.5 - 1.28 = 1.22 Cm
t = 10 cm

P . c
V =
t
2354 1.22
=
10
= 287.188
Untuk 1 Baut
P 2354
N = = = 1177 Kg
2 2
R = V 2 + N 2
= 287.188 2 + 1177 2
= 1467805.947344
= 1211.530415

R
σ s =
dmin . d
1211.530415
=
1 . 1.4
= 865.3789 Kg/cm2
σs = 2 . σa
= 2 . 1200
= 2400 Kg/cm2
σs = 2400 Kg/cm2 > 865.3789 Kg/cm2

Memenuhi Syarat
PERHITUNGAN PERLETAKAN
Beban P yang paling besar langsung bekerja pada perletakan adalah :
Akibat Beban Sendiri + beban berguna. Jadi =
P = 1/3 RA + 100
= 1/3 . 1691.977778 + 100
= 663.9925926 Kg
Reaksi perletakan yang paling besar adalah juga akibat Beban Sendiri + beban berguna. Jadi =
RAmax = RABeban Sendiri + RABeban Hidup
= 1691.977778 + 1100
= 2791.977778 Kg
Terkanan konstruksi kap ( kuda-kuda) diteruskan pada plat kaki dengan melalui baja sudut kaki,
sedangkan pada kedua sisi siku pada profil siku yang mendatar diikat dengan bujur sangkar.
Digunakan pada plat kaki dengan tebal t = 10 mm

Daja sudut kaki yang digunakan pada profil siku sama sisi 75 . ### . 7
☺ Perhitungan baut pada sisi tegak profil siku.

Sambungan bertampang dua :
Diameter baut yang digunakan Ø baut = 2.3 cm
Tebal plat buhul dmin = 2 . 1 = 2 cm
Lawan tebal profil = 1 cm
Harga batas q = dmin . 1.6
= 2 . 1.6
= 3.2 cm < Ø baut =
Jadi perhitungan kekuatan berdasarkan desak :
= 2 . 2.3 . 1200
= 5520 Kg
☺ Banyaknya baut yang digunakan

RA - P
n =
Pds
1691.977778 - 663.99259
=
5520
= 0.1862 digunakan 2 baut
☺ Perhitungan baut jangkar pada sisi datar profil siku :

DA = RAmax - P
= 2791.977778 - 663.99259
= 2127.985185 Kg
☺ Untuk sebuah baut jangkar, menerima beban :

D = 1/2 DA
= 1/2 . 2127.9852
= 1063.992593 kg
D
F =
T
1063.9926
=
0.7 1200
= 1.266657848 cm2
F = 1/4 . π . d2 4 . F
d =
π
4 .1.2666578
=
3.14
= 1.6135768768
= 1.2703
Digunakan 2 baut bujur sangkar dengan Ø = 2 cm

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul A
Penampang Potongan didapat tp = 1 cm
h = 24 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 24 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 2 )
= 20.0 cm2
tp . h 1/2 h - tp . Ø1 . xi - tp . Ø2 . xii
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 24 . 1/2 24 - 1 . 2 . 3.66 - 1 . 2
=
20.0
258
=
20.0
= 12.9 cm
y = 1/2 . h
= 1/2 . 24
= 12 cm
e = Titik Berat - y
= 12.9 - 12
= 0.900
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3 + t . h . e2
= 1/2 . 1 . 24 3 + 1 . ### . 0.9 2
= 6931.44 cm4
I Perlemahan = tp . Ø1 ( h/2 - xi )2 + tp . Ø2 ( h/2 - xii )2

= 1 . 2 ( 24 /2 - 3.66 )2 + 1 . 2 ( 24
= 139.9824 cm 4
I netto = I Bruto + I Perlemahan

= 6931.44 + 139.9824
= 7071.4224 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
7071.4224
=
12
= 589.2852 cm3
Keseimbangan pada kanan potongan

Terhadap titik berat penampang Potongan memberikan momen
M = 2/3 . ( P11 . L1 ) + P1 . L2
= 2/3 . ( 4950 . 9.3 ) + 4356 . 1.5
= 50391 kgcm
Terhadap penampang potongan dari penguraian gaya-gay memberikan
Gaya Normal = 700 kg
Gaya Lintang = 1100 kg
Tegangan lenkung max yang terjadi

N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
700 50391
= +
20.0 589.2852
= 120.5120746 Kg/cm2
Tegangan Geser yang terjadi

D
=
Fn
1100
=
20.0
55.00 Kg/cm2
Tegangan yang diterima Plat Buhul

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 120.5120746 2 + 3 ( 55.00 )2
= 23598.16013
= 153.6169266 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2
Plat Buhul Cukup Kuat
KONTROL PLAT BUHUL

Titik Buhul C
h = 19.35 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 19.35 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 16.0 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 19.35 . 1/2 19.35 - 1 . 2 . 3.6 - 1 . 1.4
=
16.0
166.15125
=
16.0
= 10.41700627 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 19.35 3
= 3622.538 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 19.35 /2 - 3.6 )2 + 1 . 2 ( 19.35
= 73.9125 cm4

= 3622.537688 + 73.9125
= 3696.450188 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
3696.450188
=
9.675
= 382.0620349 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P2 . L1 )
= 0.5 . ( 4356 . 8.7 )
= 18948.6 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
4070 18948.6
= +
16.0 382.06203
= 304.7680246 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
1600
=
16.0
100.31 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 304.7680246 2 + 3 ( 100.31 )2
= 123071.9314
= 350.8160934 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2
KONTROL PLAT BUHUL

Titik Buhul L
h = 18.75 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 18.75 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.1 )
= 15.65 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 18.75 . 1/2 18.75 - 1 . 2 . 3.36 - 1 . 1.1
=
15.65
157.18125
=
15.65
= 10.04353035 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 18.75 3
= 3295.898 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 18.75 /2 - 3.36 )
2
+ 1 . 1.1 ( 18.75
= 74.5941375 cm4

= 3295.898438 + 74.5941375
= 3370.492575 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
3370.492575
=
9.375
= 359.519208 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P12 . L1 ) + ( P22 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 4420 . 8.4 ) + ( 624 . 1.04 )
= 19212.96 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
3680 19212.96
= +
15.7 359.51921
= 288.5844751 Kg/cm2
D
=
Fn
2500
=
15.7
159.74 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 288.5844751 2 + 3 ( 159.74 )2
= 159835.8279
= 399.7947322 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul D
h = 21.60 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 21.60 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 18.200 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 21.60 . 1/2 21.60 - 1 . 2 . 3.36 - 1 . 1.4
=
18.200
211.44
=
18.200
= 11.61758242 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 21.60 3
= 5038.848 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 21.60 /2 - 3.3 )
2
+ 1 . 1.4 ( 21.60
= 112.5 cm4

= 5038.848 + 112.5
= 5151.348 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
5151.348
=
10.8
= 476.9766667 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P3 . L1 ) + ( P23 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 3886 . 8.4 ) + ( 168 . 1.22 )
= 16116.24 kgcm

N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
4550 16116.24
= +
18.2 476.97667
= 283.7883195 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
1650
=
18.2
90.66 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 283.7883195 2 + 3 ( 90.66 )2
= 105193.1584
= 324.3349479 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul M
h = 20.45 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 20.45 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.1 )
= 17.350 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 20.45 . 1/2 20.45 - 1 . 2 . 3.7 - 1 . 1.1
=
17.350
189.82125
=
17.350
= 10.94070605 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 20.45 3
= 4276.121 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 20.45 /2 - 3.7 )2 + 1 . 1.1 ( 20.45
= 85.5149375 cm4

= 4276.120563 + 85.5149375
= 4361.6355 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
4361.6355
=
10.225
= 426.5658191 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P13 . L1 ) + ( P24 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 3890 . 8.4 ) + ( 706 . 1.04 )
= 15603.76 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
4200 15603.76
= +
17.4 426.56582
= 278.6548865 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
600
=
17.4
34.58 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 278.6548865 2 + 3 ( 34.58 )2
= 81236.31748
= 285.0198545 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul E
h = 21.60 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 21.60 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 18.200 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 21.60 . 1/2 21.60 - 1 . 2 . 3.9 - 1 . 1.4
=
18.200
210.36
=
18.200
= 11.55824176 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 21.60 3
= 5038.848 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 21.60 /2 - 3.9 )2 + 1 . 1.4 ( 21.60
= 95.22 cm4

= 5038.848 + 95.22
= 5134.068 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
5134.068
=
10.8
= 475.3766667 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P4 . L1 ) + ( P25 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 3416 . 8.4 ) + ( 861 . 1.22 )
= 13296.78 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
3500 13296.78
= +
18.2 475.37667
= 220.2787328 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
720
=
18.2
39.56 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 220.2787328 2 + 3 ( 39.56 )2
= 53217.80527
= 230.6898465 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul N
h = 20.55 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 20.55 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.1 )
= 17.450 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 20.55 . 1/2 20.55 - 1 . 2 . 3.6 - 1 . 1.1
=
17.450
192.07125
=
17.450
= 11.00694842 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 20.55 3
= 4339.158 cm4
= 1 . 2 ( 20.55 /2 - 3.6 )2 + 1 . 1.1 ( 20.55
= 89.4144375 cm4

= 4339.158188 + 89.4144375
= 4428.572625 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
4428.572625
=
10.275
= 431.004635 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P14 . L1 ) + ( P26 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 3360 . 8.34 ) + ( 861 . 1.04 )
= 13115.76 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
3800 13115.76
= +
17.5 431.00464
= 248.1957134 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
420
=
17.5
24.07 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 248.1957134 2 + 3 ( 24.07 )2
= 63339.02892
= 251.6724636 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2
KONTROL PLAT BUHUL

Titik Buhul F
h = 21.60 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 21.60 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 18.200 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 21.60 . 1/2 21.60 - 1 . 2 . 5.25 - 1 . 1.4
=
=
18.200
207.24
=
18.200
= 11.38681319 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 21.60 3
= 5038.848 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 21.60 /2 - 5.25 )2 + 1 . 1.4 ( 21.60
= 61.731 cm4

= 5038.848 + 61.731
= 5100.579 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
5100.579
=
10.8
= 472.2758333 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P5 . L1 ) + ( P27 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 2942 . 8.4 ) + ( 720 . 1.22 )
= 11478 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
3010 11478
= +
18.2 472.27583
= 189.6882092 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
400
=
18.2
21.98 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 189.6882092 2 + 3 ( 21.98 )2
= 37430.71704
= 193.4701968 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2
KONTROL PLAT BUHUL

Titik Buhul O
h = 23.40 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 23.40 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 20.000 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 23.40 . 1/2 23.40 - 1 . 2 . 3.5 - 1 . 1.4
=
20.000
251.38
=
20.000
= 12.569 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 23.40 3
= 6406.452 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 23.40 /2 - 3.5 )2 + 1 . 1.4 ( 23.40
= 135.166 cm4

= 6406.452 + 135.166
= 6541.618 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
6541.618
=
11.7
= 559.1126496 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P15 . L1 ) + ( P27 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 2824 . 9 ) + ( 720 . 1.22 )
= 11829.6 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
σ max = +
Fn wn
3250 11829.6
= +
20.0 559.11265
= 183.6578114 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
180
=
20.0
9.00 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 183.6578114 2 + 3 ( 9.00 )2
= 33973.19169
= 184.3181806 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul P
h = 21.90 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 21.90 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.4 )
= 18.500 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 21.90 . 1/2 21.90 - 1 . 2 . 3.45 - 1 . 1.4
=
18.500
218.205
=
18.500
= 11.79486486 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 21.90 3
= 5251.730 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 21.90 /2 - 3.45 )2 + 1 . 1.4 ( 21.90
= 112.7835 cm 4

= 5251.7295 + 112.7835
= 5364.513 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
5364.513
=
10.95
= 489.909863 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P16 . L1 ) + ( P29 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 2824 . 8.4 ) + ( 2354 . 1.22 )
= 8988.92 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
1350 8988.92
= +
18.5 489.90986
= 91.32108286 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
2210
=
18.5
119.46 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 91.32108286 2 + 3 ( 119.46 )2
= 51151.22754
= 226.1663714 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

KONTROL PLAT BUHUL
Titik Buhul G
h = 20.70 cm
Fnetto = h . t - ( t . Ø1 + t . Ø2 )
= 20.70 . 1 - ( 1 . 2 + 1 . 1.1 )
= 17.600 cm2
Titik Berat =
Fnetto
1 . 20.70 . 1/2 20.70 - 1 . 2 . 3.75 - 1 . 1.1
=
17.600
195.855
=
17.600
= 11.128125 cm
I Bruto = 1/2 . t . h3
= 1/2 . 1 . 20.70 3
= 4434.872 cm4

= 1 . 2 ( 20.70 /2 - 3.75 )2 + 1 . 1.1 ( 20.70
= 87.34275 cm4

= 4434.8715 + 87.34275
= 4522.21425 cm4
I netto
wn =
1/2 . h
4522.21425
=
10.35
= 436.928913 cm3

M = 0.5 . ( P5 . L1 ) + ( P28 . L2 )
= 0.5 . ( 2942 . 7.83 ) + ( 1043 . 1.04 )
= 10433.21 kgcm


N M
σ max = +
Fn wn
1840 10433.21
= +
17.6 436.92891
= 128.4239613 Kg/cm2

D
=
Fn
2150
=
17.6
122.16 Kg/cm2

= σ max2 + 3 ( σgsr )2
= 128.4239613 2 + 3 ( 122.16 )2
= 61261.24431
= 247.5100893 Kg/cm2 < 1200 Kg/cm2

3
m
4
12.3 m
,55,56,57,58,59,60 adalah :
18,19,20 adalah :
uyhjgh
najang Batang
1.2527
1.2527
1.2527
1.2527
1.2527
0.7
1.4
2.1
2.1
2.8
3.5
1.7949
2.0668
2.5104
3.0511
Jarak Gording
r1
X
r1
b/2
mbu lentur x-x Sumbu lentur y-y

ix Iy Wy iy
6.21 85.3 18.3 18.9
an sementara dan hasil

anakan berdasarkan arah
erpusat )
n yang
85.3
925
16 dengan berat
P
55.6755556
150.4
200
406.075556
406.075556 )]
PTS
S
PTT
T
PTB
J K
RB
PS
S
PT
T
PB
J K
B
RB
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
WTS
S WTT
T
WTB
J K
RB
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
1.253 )
PTS
S
PTT
T
PTB
J K
RB
PS
S
PT
T
PB
J K
RB
WTS
S WTT
T
WTB
J K
J K
RB
WIS
S WIT
T
WIB
J K
RB
65
e
###
maka
= 0.5 cm
40
e
###
a
maka
f = 0.5 cm
dengan data Sbb:
dengan data sebagai berikut
1 cm
1 cm
4420 Kg
1 cm
1 cm
3890 Kg
1 cm
168 Kg
1 cm
486 Kg
1 cm
3360 Kg
1 cm
2824 Kg
1 cm
720 Kg
at buhul d min = 1 cm
1 cm
2354 Kg
n berguna. Jadi =
2.3 cm
2 . 11.34
24 /2 - 11.34 )2
1.4 . 9.90
19.35 /2 - 9.9 )2
1.1 . 10.80
18.75 /2 - 10.8 )2
1.4 . 10.80
21.60 /2 - 10.8 )2
1.1 . 10.80
20.45 /2 - 10.8 )2
1.4 . 10.80
21.60 /2 - 10.8 )2
1.1 . 10.80
20.55 /2 - 10.8 )2
1.4 . 11.10
21.60 /2 - 11.1 )2
1.4 . 11.00
23.40 /2 - 11 )2
1.4 . 10.50
21.90 /2 - 10.5 )2
1.1 . 9.90
20.70 /2 - 9.9 )2

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KONSTRUKSI KAP BAJA

1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10

☺ Panjang Bantang Atas

Jadi panjang batang 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60 adalah :

☺ Panjang Bantang Bawah

Jadi panjang batang 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 adalah :

☺ Panjang Bantang Vertikal

Maka batang S23 = 2 . S21 = 2 . 0.7 = 1.4 m

☺ Panjang Bantang Horisontal

S22 = AL2 + AD2 - 2 . AL . AD . Cos 20.0181

S12 S24 S25

S12 S24 S25

No. Batang Panajang Batang

S11 dan S20 1.2527

S12 dan S19 1.2527

S13 dan S18 1.2527

S14 dan S17 1.2527

S15 dan S16 1.2527

S21 dan S37 0.7

S23 dan S35 1.4

S25 dan S33 2.1

S27 dan S31 2.8

S24 dan S34 2.0668

S26 dan S32 2.5104

S28 dan S30 3.0511

Perhitungan Momen Maximum

My1 = 1/8 . qy1 . L2

Koefisien angin isap

qy2 = C2 . Jarak Gording . Desakan angin (w)

Perhitungan Momen Maximum

Perhitungan Momen Maximum

Perhitungan Momen Maximum

My4 = 1/8 . qy4 . L2

Ukuran-ukuran dalam ( mm ) Berat Sumbu lentur x-x

Beban beban searah sumbu X

MII = MxI + Mx3 + Mx4

Beban beban searah sumbu Y

MII = MyI + My3 + My4

Dari hasil perhitungan diambil yang terbesar yaitu :

Lendutan untuk beban titik terpusat

Lendutan untuk beban merata

Ledutan searah sumbu x

Sehingga Ledutan yang terjadi

Jadi beban tetap yang terjadi pada titik simpul A dan B

Untuk titik sipul K. Beban tetap yang terjadi adalah :

TEBAL MUATAN AKIBAT BEBAN TETAP

WtL = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtM = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtN = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtO = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtP = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

WiQ = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WiR = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WiS = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WiB = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

Tekanan angin kanan ( w ) = 60 Kg/m2

WtT = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtS = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtR = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtQ = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WtP = 0.194 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 )

WiO = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253

WiN = -0.4 . 60 . 4 . ( 1/2 . 1.253 + 1/2 . 1.253