SEKELUMIT SEJARAH
ILMU ANTROPOLOGI DI INDONESIA
CIKAL-BAKAL
ANTROPOLOGI
The people of the mountains live like beasts. For I assure you that they
eat human flesh and every other sort of flesh, clean or unclean. They
worship many different things; for whatever they see first when they
wake in the morning, that they worship. On leaving Ferlec the traveler
enters Basman, which is a separate kingdom with a language of its
own. The people of Basman are without law, except such as prevails
among brute beast... They are very ugly brutes to look at.5
“...for the most part ‘the religious world’ is so occupied in hating and
despising the beliefs of the heathen whose vast regions of the globe
are painted black on the missionary maps, that they have little time or
capacity left to understand them [the lower races—Ferry]...”9
CATATAN AKHIR
1
Han F. Vermeulen & Arturo Alverez Roldan (eds.), Fieldwork and Footnotes: Studies in the History of European
Anthropology, London & New York: Routledge, 1995, h. 22
2
Karel A. Steenbrink, Mencari Tuhan dengan Kacamata Barat: Kajian Kritis Mengenai Agama di Indonesia, Yogyakarta:
IAIN Sunan Kalijaga Press, 1988, h. 26-29
3
Han F. Vermeulen & Arturo Alverez Roldan (eds.), Ibid., h. 40
4
Thomas Hylland Eriksen & Finn Sivert Nielsen, A History of Anthropology, London, Sterling, Virginia: Pluto Press,
2001, h. 5
5
Marco Polo, the Travels, diterjemahkan ke Bahasa Inggris oleh Ronald Latham, England & New York, Penguin Books,
1978, cet-8, hh. 253-254
6
James Chalmers, Pioneering in New Guinea, Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd, tth.
7
N. Graafland, De Minahasa: Haar verleden en haar tegenwoordige toestand, terj. Indonesia oleh Lucy R. Montolalu,
Jakarta, Pustaka Utama Grafiti, 1991, h. 119
8
Ibid., h. 344
9
Edward Burnett Tylor, Primitive Culture: Researches Into The Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion,
Language, Art, and Custom, Volume 1, Edisi 4, London, John Murray, 1903, h. 420. Di dalam tanda kurung adalah kata-
kata penulis.
10
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, Jakarta, LP3ES, cet-3, 1996, h. 116. Penerbit INIS (Indonesian-
Netherlands Cooperation in Islamic Studies) telah menerjemahkan buku De Atjehers ke bahasa Indonesia dengan judul
Aceh, Rakyat, dan Adat Istiadatnya, 2 Jilid, tahun terbit 1996.
11
Ibid., h. 126
12
Ibid., h. 133
13
Ibid., h. 139
14
Ibid., h. 152
15
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, Depok, UI Press, 1990, h. 304 & 310
16
Thomas S. Raffles, The History of Java Volume 1, cet-2, London, John Murray, 1829, h. xlvii-xlviii & Thomas S. Raffles,
The History of Java Volume 2, cet-2, London, John Murray, 1817, h. v
17
Donna C. Mehos, “Colonial Commerce and Anthropological Knowledge: Dutch Ethnographic Museums in the
European Context”, dalam Henrika Kuklick (ed.), A New History of Anhtropology, USA, UK & Australia, Blackwell
Publishing Ltd., 2008, h. 181
18
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 237
19
Karel A. Steenbrink, “Kata Pengantar” dalam L.W.C. van den Berg, Le Hadhramout Et. Les Colonies Arabes Dans
L’Archipel Indien, terjemahan Indonesia oleh Rahayu Hidayat, Jakarta: INIS, 1989, h. xxiv
20
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 238
21
Donna C. Mehos, “Colonial Commerce and Anthropological Knowledge: Dutch Ethnographic Museums in the
European Context”, h. 181
22
Ibid.
23
Ibid.
24
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 152
25
Ratno Lukito, Islamic Law and Adat Encounter: The Experience of Indonesia, terjemahan Ratno Lukito, Jakarta, INIS,
1998, h. 39-40
26
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 125 & 139
27
Ibid., h. 147 & 152
28
Ratno Lukito, Islamic Law and Adat Encounter: The Experience of Indonesia, h. 40
29
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 125
30
Ibid., h. 139
31
Ibid., h. 151-152
32
Ibid., h. 125 & 132
33
Karel A. Steenbrink, “Kata Pengantar” dalam L.W.C. van den Berg, Le Hadhramout Et. Les Colonies Arabes Dans
L’Archipel Indien, h. xii
34
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 147
35
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 261
36
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 151-152
37
Ibid., h. 152
38
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 260-261
39
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 152-153
40
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 238
41
Husnul Aqib Suminto, Politik Islam Hindia Belanda, h. 116
42
Ibid., h. 110-115
43
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 262
44
Donna C. Mehos, “Colonial Commerce and Anthropological Knowledge: Dutch Ethnographic Museums in the
European Context”, dalam Henrika Kuklick (ed.), A New History of Anhtropology, h. 187
45
Koentjaraningrat (ed.), Manusia dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia, cet-15, Jakarta, Djambatan, 1995, h. 28
46 46
Koentjaraningrat, Sejarah Teori Antropologi Jilid II, h. 279
47
Ibid., h. 279-280
48
Koentjaraningrat, “Commemorative Lecture”, pidato pada penerimaan penghargaan the Fukuoka Asian Cultural
Prizes, diunduh tgl. 8 Januari 2014, http://www.asianmonth.com/prize/english/lecture/pdf/06_01.pdf
49
Koentjaraningrat, “Kata Pengantar”, dalam Koentjaraningrat (ed.), Manusia dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia, h. vii-viii
50
Abdurrauf Tarimana, Kebudayaan Tolaki, Jakarta, Balai Pustaka, cet-2, 1993, h. 9. Abdurrauf Tarimana, pengarang
buku ini, termasuk yang dikirim Koentjaraningrat ke Australian National University (ANU), Canberra, Australia untuk
mempelajari Antropologi di bawah bimbingan Dr. James J. Fox.
51
James J. Fox, "In Memoriam: Professor Koentjaraningrat”, Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 157 no: 2,
Leiden, 2001, h. 242, diunduh tgl. 8 Januari 2014, dari http://www.kitlv-
journals.nl/index.php/btlv/article/viewFile/3141/3902.
52
Ibid.
53
Koentjaraningrat, Pengantar Antropologi I, Jakarta, Rineka Cipta, cet-3, 2005, h. 38
54
Abdurrauf Tarimana, Kebudayaan Tolaki, h. 10-11
55
Koentjaraningrat, Pengantar Antropologi I, h. 6-7