ANATOMI FISIOLOGI
System kerangka
Berfungsi untuk :
Sebagai penopang tubuh dan pemberi bentuk tubuh
Sebagai pelindungi organ vital tubuh seperti jantung, paru-paru dan otak
sebagai tempat melekatnya otot
Sebagai system gerak
Sebagai tempat produksi sel darah
Sebagai tempat menyimpan kalsium
System framework
Function to :
As a body support and giver of body shape
As a protector of the body's vital organs such as the heart, lungs and brain
As a place to attach muscles
As a motion system
As a place to produce blood cells
As a place to store calcium
System framework consists of:
1. Skull head segment
Consisting of frontal bone, patrietal bone, osspital bone, spneoid bone, temporal bone,
nasal bone, zigomatic bone, maxillary bone, stapes bone, incus bone, malleus bone,
laclimal bone, ethmoidal bone, platinum bone, maxilla bone, vomel bone.
2. Body bones
Consisting of 7 cervical bones, 12 dorsal bones, 5 lumbar bones, 5 sacrum bones, 4
corcig bones, 1 sternum bone, 7 casta vera bones, 2 pubic bones, 2 ischium bones, 2
illium bones, 2 2 clavicle bones, 2 scapula bones, 2 costa fluctuantes bones, 2 pairs of
costa spuria bones.
3. Limb bones
Consisting of 2 humerus bones, 2 radius bones, 2 ulna bones, 16 carpal bones, 10
metacarpal bones, 20 falangs bones, 2 femur bones, 2 calcaneal bones, 14 tarsal bones, 10
metatarsal bones, 2 fibula bones, 2 tibia bones, 2 patellar bones.
Based on its type, bone is divided into pipe bones, short bones, flat bones, and
irregular bones.
Muscle system
Serves to move the body. The presence of muscles allows humans to move from walking
to lifting heavy objects.
Circulatory system
Serves to pump blood throughout the body. The human circulatory system is the heart.
The heart has 4 chambers, namely the right atrium, the left atrium, the right chamber and the
left chamber.
Digestive system
The digestive system consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large
intestine, rectum and anus. Serves to receive food and digest food. The process of digestion
of food, absorbs nutrients that are brought into the bloodstream and removes leftovers from
digestion from the body.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system consists of, nose, throat, broccus, bronchioles, alveoli and alveoli.
Serves to breathe oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. In the respiratory system, oxygen is a
very important requirement.
Endocrine system
system that controls glands without channels that produce hormones or communication in
the body with hormones. Hormone itself is a messenger chemical that is synthesized and
secreted by the endocrine glands. The endocrine glands consist of the thyroid gland, the
thyroid gland, the hypothalamus, parathyroid, pineal and adrenal.
Immune system
The immune system is located throughout the body, especially in the spleen. The immune
system is the human body's defense system against infections or attacks by foreign
molecules such as bacteria, viruses and parasites that cause disease
Sensory system
The sensory system in humans functions as a recipient of stimulation from the
surrounding environment. Humans have 5 senses namely the eyes as the sense of sight
function to see, the nose as the sense of smell functions to smell / smell, the ear as the sense
of hearing functions to hear, the skin as the sense of touch functions to and the tongue as the
sense of taste to taste / taste food.
Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system consists of lymph vessels and lymphoid organs. The lymphatic
system is a circulation system that functions to drain lymph in the human body. The
lymphatic system functions to transport lymphocytes, return fluid and protein to the
bloodstream, destroy and filter out microorganisms. If an infection occurs, the lymph nodes
will release antibodies.
Excretion system
Serves to remove the rest of the body's metabolism. The secretion system consists of the
kidneys function to pass urine, the skin functions to sweat, the lungs function to release
carbon dioxide and the liver functions to release bile.
Nervous system
Composed of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The central
nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. While the peripheral nervous system
consists of the autonomic and somatic nervous system. The nervous system functions to
convey stimulation from receptors to be responded by the human body.
Reproductive system
Is a stalk and interaction of internal organs that function to multiply. The main function
of the female reproductive organs is producing eggs for fertilization. In addition, these
organs also function as a developing fetus. The female reproductive system consists of the
outer female reproductive organs (is mons pubis, labia major, labia minor, clitoris, vestibular
bulbs, and bartolin glands) and the inner female reproductive organs (is the vagina, cervix,
uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries).
Whereas the male reproductive system consists of external reproductive organs (is penis,
scrotum, testes and epididymis) and internal reproductive organs (is vas deferens, seminal
vesicles, ejaculatory ducts, urinary tract, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland). The male
reproductive system functions to produce and secrete semen into the female reproductive
system, during sexual intercourse. However, this function starts during puberty.
Urinary system
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urethra and bladder. The so-called
urinary system is also included in the excretion system. The urinary system functions to
filter blood to dispose of waste and produce urine.