3.lecture Geoteknik TGL Sifat Indeks Tanah-WK3
3.lecture Geoteknik TGL Sifat Indeks Tanah-WK3
Jenis Tanah:
a.
a Residual soil
Berada di atas batuan asal
yang mengalami pelapukan.
Didominasi
Did i i oleh
l h pelapukan
l k
kimia.
p
b. Transported soil
Telah mengalami transportasi (Little, 1969)
dan pengendapan.
Metode:
Dry sieving: ϕ > 0.075
0 075 mm
Hydrometer: ϕ < 0.075 mm
Reddy (2002)
www.fhwa.gov
Contoh analisa:
Reddy (2002)
Reddy (2002)
Contoh analisa:
Reddy (2002)
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III. SIFAT INDEKS TANAH – Ukuran Butir
Reddy (2002)
Reddy (2002)
Reddy (2002)
Das (1985)
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III. SIFAT INDEKS TANAH – Porositas
Porositas (porosity), n
Vv = volume of void
Vt = total volume
Mw = mass of water
Expressed as a percentage Ms = mass of solid
Possible range: 0 - 500% (marine & organic soils)
Metode:
o Air dry organic & residual soils
o Oven dry (60 ºC) organic & residual soils
o Oven dry (105 ºC)
2. Volumetric water content, w w
Vw
• Expressed as a decimal Vt
Vw = volume of water
Vt = total volume
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III. SIFAT INDEKS TANAH – Kandungan Air
Contoh:
Core 1
Container label 1,1 1,2 1,3
Mcontainer (g) 15,87 14,38 14,81
Mcontainer+wet sample (g)
( ) 55 67
55,67 46 87
46,87 57 45
57,45
Mcontainer+oven dried sample (g) 51,12 43,15 52,31
Mwater (g) 4,55 3,72 5,14
Msolid (g) 35 25
35,25 28 77
28,77 37 50
37,50
Water content (%) 12,91 12,93 13,71
Average water content (%) 13,18
Vv = volume of void
Vw = volume of water
Densitas (density),
Ms = mass of solid
Vs = volume of solid
Mw = mass of water
Vw = volume of water
Mt = Total mass
Vt = Total
T t l volume
l
Relative Density, Dr
emax e
Dr
emax emin
Where:
emax = void ratio of the soil in the loosest state
emin = void ratio of the soil in the densest state
e = in situ void ratio of the soil www.capco.co.uk
Sand vibrating table
Das (1985)
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III. SIFAT INDEKS TANAH – Specific Gravity
Specific Gravity, Gs
Metode:
www.healthandcare.co.uk
o Water pycnometer Water pycnometer
o Gas (helium) pycnometer
Gas pycnometer
www.gardco.com
Important relationship: t = b = d (1 + w) S e = w Gs
Contoh:
Konsistensi tanah:
Mudah tidaknya tanah mengalami deformasi/ perubahan
bentuk
Tergantung pada ukuran butir dan kandungan air
Diukur
Di k dengan
d “Att b
“Atterberg li it ”
limits”
Atterberg limits:
Tergantung pada kandungan airnya, tanah berbutir halus dapat
berwujud:
Contoh:
Tanah dengan kandungan air mendekati PL akan mudah retak
setelah dikompaksi
o Liquid limit:
Reddy (2002)
50
LL = 42,9% R² = 1,00
WATER C
40
30
0 10 20 25 30 40 50
NO. BLOWS
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III. SIFAT INDEKS TANAH – Batas Konsistensi
o Plastic limit:
Reddy (2002)
Contoh:
Plastic Limit Test
Mcontainer (g) 16,89 17,39
Mcontainer + wet sample (g) 30,02 30,41
Mcontainer + oven dried sample (g) 27,50 27,98
Mwater (g) 2,52 2,43
Msolid (g) 10,61 10,59
w (%) 23,75 22,95
Plastic Limit (%) 23,35