Today the two major kinds of materials produced are Polyethylene terephthalate
(PET) and poly-1, 4-cyclohexylene dimethylene (PCDT).
PRODUK
Polyester Pre Oriented Yarn (POY)
Polyester Full Oriented Yarn (FOY),
Polyester Full Draw Yarn (FDY)
Polyester Draw Textured Yarn (DTY),
Polyester Staple Fiber (PSF ),
ALUR PROSES
PURIFIED TEREPHTHALIC ACID /
DIMETHYL TEREPHTHALATE ETHYLENE GLYCOL
CONTINUOUS POLYMERISATION
MELT SPINNING
TOW-POY
CRIMPING / TEXTURING
WINDING
CUTTING
POLYMER CHIPS
FILAMEN YARN – FDY – DTY
FILAMEN PSF
BALLING
POLYESTER LUSTRE:
TiO2 ( titanium dioxide ) is added to make the polyester fibre / polyester filament , lustre.
o Bright 0.05 - 0.10 % TiO2
o Semil Dull 0.2 - 0.3 % TiO2
o Dull 0.5 % TiO2
o Extra dull 0.7% TiO2
— BR, Bright, berwarna bening, mengkilap
— SD, Semi Dull, berwarna putih, agak buram
— FD, Full Dull, Dull, berwarna abu, abu buram
DRAWING
o Tow yang terdiri ribuan filamen, sebagai pre oriented yarn, POY,
o Kemudian ditarik, drawing, +/- 4 kali ber tahap, sesuai denier yang diharapkan,
o Tow diproses annealing, quenching, melalui silinder pemanas, steam heated cylinders
180 - 220 C0, agar kekuatan meningkat, dan tow menjadi full oriented yarn, FOY,
CRIMPING / TEXTURIZING
o Tow diproses crimping, 9 – 15 crimps per inch (3 – 6 per cm) atau
o Tow diproses texturizing,
o Tow dipanaskan pada temperatur 100 – 150 0C, agar kering dan crimp menjadi stabil.
CUTTING
o Cutter is a reel (kumparan) having slot at intervals equal to the cut length desired,
o Drawn crimped tow, atau drawn textured yarn, DTY,
diproses cutting, 32, 38, 44, 51 mm, untuk campuran kapas atau rayon, atau
76, 88, 102 mm untuk campuran proses worsted, serat wool, serat akrilik.
o Potongan serat karena grafitasi, jatuh, langsung dikeringkan dengan tiupan udara,
o di press bentuk bal, dipasarkan, sebagai poliester staple fiber, PSF
WINDING
o Filamen yang diproses Winding, dipasarkan dalam bentuk gulungan filamen FOY /FDY /
DTY,.
POLYESTER PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Denier 0,5 – 15
Tenacity, g/d dry 3,5 – 7,0 ; wet 3,5 – 7,0
Suiting 3 – 3,5 gpd
Knitting 1,4 gpd
Apparel 4,8 – 5 gpd
Sewing threads 6 – 6,4 gpd
Elongation at break, % dry 15 – 45, wet 15 – 45 (single fibre)
Low 45 – 55 %
Medium 25 – 30 %
High 16 – 20 %
Super high 12 – 14 %
Moisture regain 0,4
Crimps per inch 12 – 14
Softening temp 230 - 240 0C
Melting point 260 - 270 0C
Resistance to weathering good
Resistance to rot ( busuk ) high
Resistance to alkali damage
Resistance to acid excellent
PROSES POY POLIESTER