d) e) Table 1: Information from project site Information @ location Kangar, Perlis Energy target To generate PY energy from the most optimum design, Roof area (single side) Dimension 12.5m x 4.5m Tilt angle and orientation | 20° from horizontal and facing South See | imal rscistionyevaeb ero tilt angle facing South is 1,750kWm? PV module available Q.Peak S-G3 215Wp oe Inverter available Sunny Boy Model 1300TL, 160OTL, 2100TL, 2500TL, 3000TL, Table 2: Design requirements and assumptions: Design requirements / assumptions Design shall comply with MS1837:2010 standard Maximum cell effective temperature at site is 75°C Minimum cell effective temperature at site is 20°C ‘Average maximum daily ambient temperature is 35°C Gap spacing of 20 mm between PV modules Offset spacing of 1.0m for PV array from all edges of roof Power de-rating by dirt is 3% Cabling efficiency from PV to inverter is 95% Distance from inverter to grid-connection point is negligible Zo. | All conductors are made of copper E TF not available from datasheet, assume temperature coefficient of voltage at maximum power to be equal to that of power at maximum power point (alale le lala olvlale|s|+(2 a wo} Based on the utilizable roof space, determine the maximum possible number of PV modules to meet the enerey supply target. From the choice of inverters, determine which one is the most optimum to match your answer from (a). petermine the optimum configuration that matches the selected inverter. estimate total enerey generated, Speciic Yield and Performance Ratio of the PV system designed stimmal after one year Calculate the payback period of the system2). Effective roofacea Length : 12.5 m- (1.0m x 2) = 10.5 m, Width: 4.5 m- (1.0m x: Total number of PV module e The PV module used is Q.Peak S-G3 215Wp PV module with dimension 1348 mm x 1000 m spacing is 30mm between each module. Lengthwise across roof _ _2500 Nup Wmaitgap 1000420 madiiles bree 10500 Ries = s 7 modules lacress 7+ gap 1348+20— Neosat = 2X 7 = 14 modules Lengthwise up Wroor _ _ 2500 Ss er 1.83 = 1 modules Doar. 10500 — 2" = 10.29 = 10 modules Nota: = 1% 10 = 10 modules The number of PV modules for Lengthwise Across arrangement is 14 modules (3,010Wp) while for . lengthwise Up arrangement is 10 modules (2,150Wp) hence the Lengthwise Across arrangement chosen. b) Matching PV Array to inverter specification. ‘The total 14 modules will produce total array power of 14 x 215Wp = 3,010Wp. Since the used fs erystalline type, the de-rating factor, ks between 0.90 to 1.00. ae = 3,010 x 0.90 to 3,010 x 1.00 Prominal snv.oxpected¢) Too Porray.ste = Fog 2500 % Parray. see S 2778 Estimated number of PV modules 2500 2778 das SNmoaue $ Sye 11.6 < Nynodute $12.9 The optimum number of PV modules based on the inverter size selected would be between 11 to 12 modules but the roof could place maximum of 14 modules in this arrangement. Minimum number of PV per string At 75°C Yemp i. (-0.42) Rees ee x(t x 5 —25)] =19.27v Assigning 5% of voltage drop from cables Vein mp aff = 9.95% Vein mp = 18.30V Minimum allowable input window voltage Warts othe gp seis = 0 Veale ine = 1 X 180 — 198 The minimum number of PV modules in series per string Voxin win invaitow _ 198.0 Nain personage 1830 10.82 modules round up to11 modules Maximum number of PV in series per string (based on Vmax_oc) ‘At 20°C Vian po = Verse [2+ "528% (Toetyan Tr] Vonage = 3082 {r+ (20 - 25)] =31.3V‘The minimum number of PV modules in series per string V, 7125 Necman = Vnmsmesattow _ = Is. v, 313 22.89 round down to 21 modules Determine maximum number of parallel string Given from datasheet lemox=15.0A therefore ‘Maximum number of parallel string ax de ino aso Taaivens oaseeas 1.27 round down to 1 strings per input Nomex Determine the optimum array configuration From calculation, Ns min per string = 11 modules Ns max per string = 21 modules Np = 1 strings per input Nores Npootet Norey | Povay (WD k Status 10 a. 10 2,150 116% Undersize 1 1 1 2,365 | 106% | Undersize 12 i 12 2,580 97% ve aie B A 13 2,795, 89% | Oversize | 14 1 14 3,010 _ 83% | Oversize Therefore, the appropriate configuration that we could used is 1 x 12 configurations. Checking maximum system voltage Se he ook No = 90.02% 12 50 um system voltage which is 1OOOVde. The value still far from miParray-aee = 12x 215Wp = 2,580Wp PSHsexioa = 1,750kWh per annum ~at tilt angle 20° facing South Fomupiorg # 1+ [EEPX (Tosu org — Tere] ia a2? x (Teen avg ~25)|= 853 Where Tren.avg = Tamp.avg.maxt 25 = 35+ 25 = 60°C Faire 0.97 Es 1.00 (positive power tolerance) Nine = 0.97 pean 0.95 Hence Le = 2,580 x 1,750 x 0.853 x 0.97 x 1.00 x 0.97 x 0.95 = 3,442 kWh per annum Specific Yield wh Parray ee Fideal 120.215 kWp 334 kWh / kWp > value is accepted ( bigger than 1,000) Esys Performance Ratio Fosse _ 3482 kWh ~ 12x 0.215 x 1750 PR= ——__ Eiaeat Parray ste X PSHpertoa =0.76 or 76% ~ value is accepted ( bigger than 70%)is locally manufactured, then FiT rates will be: 1.0184 + 0.2153 + 0.0500 = RM 1.2837 per kWh. The investment is 2.58 kW x RM 10,000 per kW = RM 25,800 Estimated energy produced by the system per year = 3442 kWh (Ex) Payment of Fi per year = 3442 kWh x RM 1.2837 per kWh = RM 4,418 Payback period = RM25,800 / RV4,418, = 5.8 years (around 70 months)