SKRIPSI
Oleh
Aan Zool Fahman
071001400001
i
FINAL ASSESMENT
By
Aaan Zool Fahman
071001400001
ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
ANALISIS UJI PRESSURE BUILD UP DAN DELIVERABILITY
PADA SUMUR GAS AZ-01 LAPISAN A LAPANGAN AZF
SKRIPSI
Oleh
Hanif Fachrizal
071001400070
Foto
2x3
Menyetujui,
Pembimbing I Pembimbing II
Mengetahui,
Ketua Program Studi Sarjana Teknik Perminyakn
Skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis Uji pressure Build Up dan Deliverability untuk
Prediksi Plateau Time Produksi Sumur VLL-1”, telah dipertahankan di depan
tim penguji pada hari tanggal Agustus 2018
TIM PENGUJI
1. Ketua Penguji (...........................)
Mengetahui,
Ketua Program Studi Sarjana Perminyakan
Jakarta,
Yang membuat pernyataan
Materai
Rp 6000-,
Jakarta,
Yang membuat pernyataan
Materai
Rp 6000-,
Puji dan syukur serta terima kasih kepada Allah S.W.T, Tuhan Yang Maha
esa atas berkat dan karunia-Nya lah sehingga skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis Uji
Pressure Build Up dan Deliverability pada Sumur Gas AZ-01 Lapisan A
Lapangan AZF” ini dapat selesai dengan baik dan tepat waktu.
Tugas Akhir ini dibuat untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat untuk
memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik Pada Jurusan Teknik Perminyakan Fakultas
Teknologi Kebumian dan Energi, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta.
Bersama dengan selesainya Tugas Akhir ini, penulis menyampaikan rasa
syukur dan terima kasih kepada :
1. Kedua Orang Tua, Kakak, dan Adik penulis yang selalu memberikan
semangat dan doanya sehingga Tugas Akhir ini dapat terselesaikan dengan
baik.
2. Dr. Ir. Afiat Anugrahadi, MS selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknologi
Kebumian dan Energi.
3. Ir. H. A. Hamid, MT selaku Ketua Program Studi Teknik Perminyakan.
4. Ir. Mulia Ginting, M.S selaku Pembimbing Tugas Akhir yang telah
banyak meluangkan waktu dan pikirannya untuk memberikan pengarahan
dalam penulisan Tugas Akhir.
5. Aqlyna Fattahanisa, S.T, M.T selaku pembimbing pendamping Tugas
Akhir yang menyebalkan dan telah banyak meluangkan waktu serta
pikirannya untuk memberikan pengarahan dalam penulisan tugas akhir.
6. Regina Adelia yang selalu mendampingi dan mendengar keluh kesah
penulis dalam penyelesaian tugas akhir.
7. Teman-teman Teknik Perminyakan angkatan 2014 yang selalu membantu
penulis dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir.
8. Rasyad, Ben, Sasha, dan Didi selaku teman-teman lintas jurusan yang
selalu memberi semangat dan mengingatkan penulis untuk menyelesaikan
tugas akhir.
Penulis menyadari masih banyak kekurangan dalam penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini.
Untuk itu penulis harapkan kritik dan saran dari semua pihak yang sifatnya
membangun wawasan demi menyempurnakan isi dari Tugas Akhir ini. Akhir kata
semoga Tugas Akhir ini bermanfaat bagi penulis khususnya dan bagi para
pembaca pada umumnya.
Jakarta,
Hanif Fachrizal
Nim: 071001400070
Study Program of Petroleum Enginering, Faculty Of Earth
Technology and Energy, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Gas well test analysis for Vll-1 well has been done to evaluate Beta-1
reseroir characteristics and condition of the well. The type of well test analysis
were pressure derivative and horner plot method. Beside that, analysis was
followed by deliverabilty test with modified isochronal method which intend to
determine formation production ability that described by absolute open flow
potentiall (AOFP). Based on pressure build up result can be known several
parameters of formation characteristics that can be used to determine GIIP (by
well). Meanwhile, deliverability result can be used to determine formation inflow
performance relationship (IPR) and vertical lift performance (VLP) from the
wellbore. Moreover, from GIIP (by well) analysis will calculate plateau time of
VLL-1 well from various production flow rate. These two well test analysis will
done by Ecrin
4.02 and manual calculation as a comparison.
Based on pressure derivative analysis results, obtained Beta-1 reservoir
characteristics which is two porosity PSS as the reservoir model, and boundary
model is one fault, and also initial pressure (Pi) values at 2989,96 psi. Beta-1
reservoir obtained negative skin value of -3,29, permeability of 6.01 mD, and
pressure loss caused by skin at -129,315 psi. meanwhile, from horner plot
anlaysis results obtained flow efficiency 1,9309 and radius of investigastion
326,827 ft. next, from the analysis of deliverability obtained absolute open flow
potential (AOFP) 52864,9 mscf/d. from volumetric calculation obtained GIIP (by
well) 3438,18 mmscf. And then, the analysis of Beta-1 reservoir inflow
performance relationship and VLL-1 well tubing performance relationship have
been done by IPM Prosper software. At last plateau time predicted with IPM
MBAL software for various gas flow rate, so that flow rate 3 mmscf/d, 6 mmscf/d,
9 mmscf/d, 11 mmscf/d, 13 mmscf/d, 14 mmscf/d, and 15,859 mmscf/d can
produce at plateau rate for about 32 months 3 days, 14 months 4 days, 8 months
6 days, 6 months 1 days, 4 months
14 days, 3 months 26 days, and 2 months 28 days.
Test
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL................................................................................................i
TITLE PAGE...........................................................................................................ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN....................................................................................iii
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN...................................................................................iv
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH................................v
SURAT PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS...........................................................vi
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................vii
ABSTRAK..............................................................................................................ix
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................x
DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN..........................................................................................xv
DAFTAR SINGKATAN DAN LAMBANG.......................................................xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN.................................................................................19
I.1 Latar Belakang.............................................................................19
I.2 Rumusan Masalah........................................................................20
I.3 Maksud Dan Tujuan Penelitian....................................................20
I.4 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian Dan Batasan Masalah........................20
I.5 Manfaat Penelitian.......................................................................20
BAB II TINJAUAN UMUM...............................................................................1
II.1 Karakteristik Batuan Reservoir......................................................1
II.1.1 Porositas............................................................................2
II.1.2 Permeabilitas.....................................................................3
II.1.3 Saturasi..............................................................................4
II.2 Karakteristik Fulida Reservoir (Gas).............................................4
II.2.1 Specific Gravity Gas (γg).................................................5
II.2.2 Faktor Deviasi Gas (Z)....................................................5
II.2.3 Faktor Volume Formasi Gas (Bg)....................................7
II.2.4 Viskositas Gas (µg)..........................................................7
II.2.5 Kompresibilitas Gas (Cg).................................................8
II.3 Persamaan Aliran Fluida Dalam Media Berpori............................8
II.4 Uji Pressure Build Up..................................................................10
II.4.1 Prinsip Superposisi
II.4.2 Persamaan Horner..........................................................12
II.5 Tekanan Reservoir.......................................................................21
II.6 Wellbore Storage..........................................................................21
II.7 Skin..............................................................................................10
II.8 Storativity (ω)..............................................................................22
II.9 Interporosity (λ)...........................................................................23
II.10 Radius Investigasi........................................................................23
DAFTAR ISI (Lanjutan)
II.11
Karakteristik Kurva Plot Pressure Build Up................................12
II.12
Well Model..................................................................................24
II.13
Model Reservoir...........................................................................24
II.14
Model Boundary..........................................................................24
II.15
Metode Uji Sumur Gas................................................................25
II.15.1 Back Pressure Test.........................................................26
II.15.2 Isochronal Test...............................................................29
II.15.3 Modified Isochronal Test...............................................31
II.16 Batas Areal Reservoir GIIP (by well).........
II.17 Perhitungan GIIP Metode Volumetrik........
II.18 Well Performance.........................
II.19 Plateau Time Gas Production......
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN............................................................33
III.1 Daerah Penelitian.........................................................................33
III.2 Diagram Alir Metode Software Ecrin.........
III.3 Diagram Alir Metode Software IPM Prosper....
III.4 Diagram Alir Metode Software IPM MBAL.....
III.5 Sumber Data.................................
III.6 Waktu Penelitian..........................
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN.............................................................42
IV.1 Hasil Perhitungan.........................................................................42
IV.1.1 Evaluasi Data Uji Sumur
IV.1.2 Analisis Uji Pressure Build Up Sumur VLL-1 Dengan
Software Ecrin................
IV.1.3 Analisis Uji Pressure Build Up Sumur VLL-1 Metode
Horner Manual...............
IV.1.4 Analisis Uji Deliverabilitas Sumur VLL-1 Dengan
Sofware Ecrin dan Metode Konvensional...........
IV.1.5 Perhitungan GIIP (by well) Reservoir Beta-1.........
IV.1.6 Analisis Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR) dan
Vertical Lift Performance (VLP) .
IV.1.7 Analisis Penentuan Plateau Time Sumur VLL-1...
IV.2 Pembahasan..................................
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN.............................................................51
V.1 Kesimpulan..................................................................................51
V.2 Saran.............................................................................................51
DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................52
LAMPIRAN...........................................................................................................54
DAFTAR TABEL
Gambar II-1 Struktur Pori-Pori Batuan (Rukmana, Kristanto, & Aji, 2011)...........2
Gambar II-2 Sifat Pseudocritical dari Berbagai Komposisi Gas (Ikoku C. , 1982)
6 Gambar II-3 Distribusi Tekanan Akibat Adanya Skin (Rahmatullah, 2017)...............10
Gambar II-4 Plot (Qg dan P) vs Time Pressure Build Up Test (Ahmed &
McKinney, 2005)....................................................................................................12
Gambar II-5 Time Region Kurva Pressure Build Up (Suabdi, 2012)...................13
Gambar II-6 Grafik P vs Log Horner Time (tp + ∆t)/∆t (Ahmed T. , 2000).........15
Gambar II-7 Gringarten Type Curve (Bourdet, 2002)...........................................18
Gambar II-8 Type Curve Derivative (Ahmed & McKinney, 2005)......................19
Gambar II-9 Pressure Derivative Type Curve (Bourdet, 2002).............................20
Gambar II-10 Respon Kurva Pressure Derivative dan Horner Plot untuk Berbagai
Macam Kondisi Sumur dan Reservoir (Economides, 1988).........................................25
Gambar II-11 Plot (Qg dan P) vs Waktu Dari Back Pressure Test (Anonym, 2012)
............................................................................................................................... 27
Gambar II-12 Plot Back Pressure Test Untuk ∆P2 vs qsc (Rahmatullah, 2017)....28
Gambar II-13 Diagram Laju Produksi dan Tekanan dari Isochronal (Amanat, 2003)
............................................................................................................................... 30
Gambar II-14 Log Plot Untuk Isochronal Test ∆P2 vs qsc (Anonym, 2012).........31
Gambar II-15 Plot (Qg dan P) vs Waktu Modified Isochronal Test (Anonym, 2012)
............................................................................................................................... 31
Gambar II-16 Log Plot Untuk Modified Isochronal Test ∆P2 vs qsc (Anonym, 2012)
............................................................................................................................... 32
Gambar III-1 Diagram alir penelitian....................................................................34
Gambar III-2 Input data sumur..............................................................................35
Gambar III-3 Input data reservoir..........................................................................36
Gambar III-4 Input data tekanan dan laju alir sumur.............................................36
Gambar III-5 Input data laju alir sumur.................................................................37
Gambar III-6 Hasil Model dari Extract dP............................................................37
Gambar III-7 Proses Matching Model...................................................................38
Gambar III-8 Improve Model Reservoir................................................................38
Gambar III-9 Hasil Match Model Reservoir..........................................................39
Gambar III-10 Hasil Horner Plot Metode Pseudo Pressure.................................39
Gambar III-11 Input Data Tekanan pressure well flowing dan pressure well shutin
............................................................................................................................... 40
Gambar III-12 Hasil Uji Deliverabilitas Gas.........................................................40
Gambar IV-1 Grafik Pressure Build Up................................................................43
Gambar IV-2 Tekanan, Laju alir, terhadap waktu.................................................43
Gambar IV-3 Derivative plot pada lapisan A dengan software ecrin....................45
Gambar IV-4 Horner Plot dengan Software Ecrin................................................46
Gambar IV-5 Horner Plot dengan Microsoft Excel...............................................47
Gambar IV-6 Grafik Modified Isochronal Test dengan software Ecrin................48
Gambar IV-7 Grafik MIT sumur AZ-01 lapisan A................................................49
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
A 6
Bg Luas area 7
Bo Gas formation volume factor 12
C Oil formation volume factor 26
Cg Koefisien stability 13
Ct performance Kompresibilitas 12
hp Ketebalan reservoir 21
Ketebalan perforasi 7
k
Permeabilitas 7
Ka
Permeabilitas absolut 7
Ke
Permeabilitas efektif 22
kf
Permeabilitas fissure 15
kh
Permeability thickness 22
km
Permeabilitas matriks 7
Kr
Permeabilitas relatif 6
L
Panjang 11
m
Gradien garis 11
Mg
Berat molekul gas 26
n
Inverse slope
DAFTAR SINGKATAN DAN LAMBANG (lanjutan)
Porositas 6
µ Viskositas 7
P2 Pressure square 16
ω Storativity 21
λ Interporosity flow 21
α Parameter block-shape 22
Kesalahan 1 :
Jarak antar anak dan bab berikutnya tidak ada, seharusnya diberi 2 spasi (daftar isi)
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL................................................................................................i
TITLE PAGE...........................................................................................................ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN....................................................................................iii
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN...................................................................................iv
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH................................v
SURAT PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS...........................................................vi
KATA PENGANTAR...........................................................................................vii
ABSTRAK..............................................................................................................ix
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................x
DAFTAR ISI...........................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN..........................................................................................xv
DAFTAR SINGKATAN DAN LAMBANG.......................................................xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN.................................................................................19
I.6 Latar Belakang.............................................................................19
I.7 Rumusan Masalah........................................................................20
I.8 Maksud Dan Tujuan Penelitian....................................................20
I.9 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian Dan Batasan Masalah........................20
I.10 Manfaat Penelitian.......................................................................20