LEMBAR KERJA

PRAKTIKUM KONSEP DASAR IPA DI SD

EKOSISTEM

NAMA : MERRY PUJIYANI

NIM : 837740134
UPBJJ : Bandar Lampung

A. KEGIATAN PRAKTIKUM 1 : EKOSISTEM

1. Judul Percobaan : Ekosistem Darat

a. Tujuan
Membandingkan komponen-komponen yang terdapat pada ekosistem
darat alami dan buatan.

b. Alat dan bahan

1) Seperangkat alat tulis
2) Loup/kaca pembesar
3) Barometer
4) Lingkungan sekitar

c. Landasan teori
Ekosistem merupakan hubungan timbale balik antara komponen abiotik
dengan komponen biotik. Ekosistem dibagi menjadi 2:

1. Ekosistem Darat, yaitu hubungan timbale balik antara komponen

abiotik dengan komponen biotik yang terjadi di lingkungan darat.
Contoh : Sawah, Hutan dan taman.
2. Ekosistem Perairan, yaitu hubungan timbal balik antara komponen
abiotik dengan komponen biotik yang terjadi di perairan. Contoh
:Kolam, Laut, Danau, dan lain-lain.

Kedua Ekosistem tersebut ada yang alami dan buatan.

d. Prosedur percobaan

1. Menentukan Ekosistem darat alami di sekitar tempat tinggal

2. Mengamati komponen abiotik meliputi suhu udara, pencahayaan, angin
dan jenis/warna tanah
3. Menggunakan barometer untuk mengetahui suhu udara, untuk
mengetahui keadaan pencahayaan, angin, atau tanah menggunakan
perkiraan saja
4. Mencatat data pada tabel 2.1 dalam lembar kerja
5. Setelah Mengamati komponen abiotik, perhatikan komponen biotiknya,
meliputi makhluk hidup yang ada di sekitar
6. Mencatat jenis tumbuhan sebagai produsen yang ada dengan nama
latinnya
7. Mencatat jenis hewan sebagai konsumen yang anda temui di ekosistem
tersebut, baik yang tetap maupun yang singgah (hewan terbang)
8. Mengamati lebih teliti hewan-hewan kecil yang mungkin terdapat dalam
tanah/dekat permukaan atau pada sela-sela daun/batang, dengan
menggunakan kaca pembesar jika perlu. 
9. Mencatat data pada lembar kerja tabel 2.2
10. Sebagai pembanding, tentukan suatu ekosistem darat buatan yang ada di
sekitar tempat tinggal atau sekolah tempat mengajar.
11. Lakukan semua kegiatan nomor 2 sampai nomor 8 seperti diatas.
Kemudian semua data di catat pada tabel 2.3 dan tabel 2.4 dalam lembar
kerja.
12. Buat kesimpulan umum tentang perbedaan pada kedua tipe ekosistem
tersebut.
 e. Hasil pengamatan
Tabel 2.1.
Komponen abiotik ekosistem darat alami

No. Komponen Abiotik Kondisi/ Keadaan

Tabel 2.2.
Komponen biotik ekosistem darat alami

No. Jenis tumbuhan Jenis hewan Pengurai

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 Tabel 2.3.
Komponen abiotik ekosistem darat buatan

No. Komponen Abiotik Kondisi/ Keadaan

Tabel 2.4.
Komponen biotik ekosistem darat buatan

No. Jenis tumbuhan Jenis hewan Pengurai

5
f. Jawaban Pertanyaan
1. Menurut pendapat anda ekosistem manakah yang mempunyai jenis
komponen biotik lebih banyak? mengapa demikian? Jelaskan secara
singkat !
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g. Pembahasan
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h. Kesimpulan
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i. Daftar pustaka
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j. Saran dan masukan

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k. Foto praktikum
Komponen abiotik ekosistem darat alami

Komponen biotik ekosistem darat buatan

LEMBAR KERJA
 PRAKTIKUM KONSEP DASAR IPA DI SD

PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN

NAMA : MERRY PUJIYANI

NIM : 837740134
UPBJJ : Bandar Lampung

B. KEGIATAN PRAKTIKUM 2 : PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN

1. Judul percobaan 2 : Pengaruh deterjen terhadap perkecambahan

a. Tujuan
Mengamati pengaruh deterjen terhadap perkecambahan kacang hijau.

b. Alat dan bahan.     

1. Neraca analitik/ sendok teh 1 buah
2. Gelas kimia/gelas plastik 6 buah
3. tisu
4. plastik hitam
5. Mistar
6. Spidol untuk menulis label
7. Gelas kimia/botol plastik 1 buah
8. Air ledeng
9. Deterjen serbuk 1gram.

c. Landasan teori
Pencemaran adalah masuk atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup, zat, energi
dan/ atau komponen lain ke dalam air atau udara. Pencemaran juga bisa
berarti berubahnya tatanan air atau udara oleh kegiatan manusia dan proses
alam, sehingga kualitas air/ udara menjadi kurang atau tidak dapat
berfungsi lagi sesuai dengan peruntukannya. 

Pencemaran lingkungan dapat dikategorikan menjadi pencemaran air,

udara, tanah, logam berat, dan suara. Salah satu pencemaran air adalah
penggunaan deterjen. Sedangkan deterjen sendiri adalah pembersih sintetis
 yang terbuat dari bahan- bahan turunan minyak bumi, yang terdiri dari
bahan kimia yang dapat memberikan dampak negatif.

d. Prosedur Percobaan
 Sediakan larutan deterjen 100%, 50%, 25%, 12,50%, 6,25%, 3,10%, serta
control air ledeng. Lalu simpan cairan dengan gelas kimia beri label.
 Cara menyediakan larutan dapat dilihat pada percobaan 1
 Sediakan 6 gelas kimia lain, beri label control, I,II,III,IV,V, dan VI
masing-masing diberi lingkaran kertas saring.
 Masukkan kacang hijau ke dalam air pada gelas kimia. Buanglah kacang
yang mengapung.
 Ambil 10 butir lalu rendam dalam larutan I, 10 butir dalam larutan II,10
butir dalam larutan III, 10 butir dalam larutan IV, 10 butir dalam larutan
V, 10 butir dalam larutan VI dan 10 butir dalam larutan control
 Aturlah kacang hijau dalam gelas kimia dengan label yang sesuai.
 Isilah gelas kimia yang telah diisi kacang hijau dengan larutan berlabel
sama.
 Tutup kelima gelas dengan kertas timah sehingga tidak ada cahaya masuk.
 Lakukan pengamatan setelah 24 jam dan 48 jam. Ukur panjang akar
dengan mistar. Kacang hijau yang tidak tumbuh akar dianggap memiliki
panjang akar = 0 mm.
 Buatlah grafik rata-rata pertumbuhan kecambah per konsentrasi setelah 24
jam dan 48 jam.
 e. Hasil pengamatan
Tabel 2.10.
Pengaruh deterjen terhadap tumbuhan
Konsentrasi larutan deterjen
No. Hari ke-1 (24 jam)
100% 50% 25% 12,5% 6,25% 3,1% Kontrol
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Jumlah
Rata-rata
Konsentrasi larutan deterjen
No. Hari ke-2 (24 jam)
100% 50% 25% 12,5% 6,25% 3,1% Kontrol
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Jumlah
Rata-rata
 Grafik 2.2.
Grafik rata-rata pertumbuhan kecambah per konsentrasi pada 24 jam

f. Jawaban pertanyaan
1. Apa fungsi larutan 0 (kontrol)?
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2. Apa kesimpulan anda bila pada larutan 0 (kontrol) ada kacang hijau yang
mati?
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3. Mengapa pertumbuhan kacang hijau di dalam gelas piala harus ditutup kertas
timah?
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g. Pembahasann
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h. Kesimpulan
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i. Daftar pustaka
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j. Saran dan masukan

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k. Foto praktikum
LABEL 1 LABELl 2
LABEL 3 LABELl 4

LABEL 5 LABEL 6