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O
bligation is an expression which is used to express an obligation that must be done. This
expression usually combined with expressing necessity. For more details on each of these
English sentence auxiliary words, see below!

Obligation adalah sebuah ungkapan yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kewajiban yang harus dilakukan. Ungkapan ini biasanya
digabung dengan ungkapan kebutuhan. Untuk lebih detil masing-masing kata bantu kalimat bahasa Inggris ini, lihat di bawah
ini!

1. Must
Must is generally used to express obligations that come from the speaker.
Must pada umumnya dipakai untuk menyatakan kewajiban yang datang dari diri si pembicara.
( S + MUST + Verb + O )
Examples :

 I must talk to my mother before I leave. (Saya harus berbicara pada ibu saya sebelum saya
berangkat)
 Daddy must immediately go to the airport (Ayah harus segera pergi ke bandara
 We must do that even though we don’t want to (Kami harus melakukan hal itu walau kami tidak
ingin)
 The doctor must check the patient (Dokter harus periksai pasien)
 Guests must report to staff before using facilities. (Tamu wajib melapor pada staf sebelum
menggunakan fasilitas)
 All students must participate in extracurricular activities. (Semua siswa diwajibkan mengikuti
kegiatan ekstrakurikuler)

If in the negative form, the word "must not"/ "mustn't" to states prohibition
jika dalam bentuk negative, kata “must not” atau “mustn’t” untuk menyatakan larangan

Examples :

 Visitors must not eat and drink inside the museum. (Pengunjung tidak boleh makan dan minum di
dalam museum)

 I mustn’t call her. (Saya tidak boleh meneleponnya)

2. Modal Have to

The modal HAVE TO or HAS TO is used to express a necessity where the origin comes from
outside the speaker.
Modal HAVE TO atau HAS TO digunakan untuk menyatakan keharusan juga dimana asal nya dari luar diri pembicara.
( S + HAVE TO/HAS TO + Verb + O )
Examples :

 I have to wear uniform at work. (Saya harus mengenakan seragam di tempat kerja)
 Rita has to finish her work before Friday. (Rita harus menyelesaikan pekerjaannya sebelum hari
Jumat)
 We have to learn before do the exam (Kita harus belajar sebelum mengerjakan ulangan)
 She has to read the poem front of the class ( dia harus membaca sebuah puisi didepan kelas)

If you use have to in the negative form, don't have to/ don't have to, then it means you don't have
to, can do it, or don't.
Jika menggunakan have to dalam bentuk negatif do not have to/ don’t have to, maka artinya tidak harus, boleh dilakukan, atau
tidak

Have to, is more commonly used in spoken form than must. It's better to use have to, to express
necessity when speaking to sound more natural.

have to lebih umum digunakan dalam bentuk lisan (spoken) dibandingkan dengan must. Untuk itu, lebih baik gunakan have to
untuk mengungkapkan keharusan saat kita berbicara dalam agar terdengar lebih natural.

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1. Modal Need to
1. The auxiliary word "need to", can also be used to express a necessity or something that is
important to do.
Kata bantu “need to”, juga bisa dipakai untuk mengutarakan keharusan atau sesuatu itu bersifat penting untuk
dilakukan.
( S + NEED TO/NEEDS TO + Verb + O)

 We need to buy groceries. (Kita harus membeli bahan makanan)

 He needs to practice more often. (Dia harus berlatih lebih sering lagi)
 I need to clean my room. (Saya harus membersihkan kamar saya)
 She needs to try harder. (Dia harus mencoba lebih keras)
 I need to study well (Saya harus belajar dengan baik)

2. It is necessary that…
Rumus: It is necessary that + subject + verb

 It’s necessary that I’ll be there on time. (Saya harus tepat waktu nanti disana)
 It is necessary that we bring umbrella. It is raining outside. (Kita harus membawa payung.
Di luar hujan)
 It’s necessary that she buys the ticket now before it’s sold out. (Dia harus membeli
tiketnya sekarang sebelum tiketnya habis)
 It is necessary that I see a doctor now. I am not feeling well. (Saya harus pergi ke dokter
sekarang. Saya merasa tidak enak badan)

3. It is obligatory that
Rumus: It is obligatory that + subject + verb

 It is obligatory that we wear uniform in school. (Kita wajib memakai seragam di sekolah)
 It is obligatory that we stop at red lights. (Kita wajib berhenti di lampu merah)
 It is obligatory that we wear helmet while riding bicycle or motorcycle. (Kita wajib
mengenakan helm ketika naik sepeda atau sepeda motor)
 It is obligatory that all drivers have driving license. (Pengemudi wajib memiliki SIM)

Example 1
Reti: What’s that Rion?
Rion: Oh..it is a registration form.
Reti: Registration? For what?
Rion: For an English debat competition.
Reti: do you want to apply?
Rion: I want to, but I am not confident.
Reti: Oh come on! Your English is really good. Just do it!
Rion: You think so?
Reti: Yes of course!
Rion: Okay! I need to go now because this form must be submitted this noon if I want to follow
the competition.
Reti: Yeah! Go!

Rias: Glady, I heard Weni is leaving today.

Glady: Yes. She will go to Singapore today.
Rias: Have you say goodbye to her?
Glady: It is necessary?
Rias: Yes of course. You two are friends, right?
Glady: Yes. But I think it will make me sad, to say goodbye to her.
Rias: You will be more sad if you didn’t. You have to go to her house now, before she left!
Glady: Okay.

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 Choose the correct answer!

1. X : I'm leaving to go camping in Bantir For questions 9 and 10, complete the dialogue
this weekend. below.
Y : Well, I think you . . . take a raincoat A : I went to Pulau Panjang last week.
with you. It's the rainy season now. B : Did you? I went there too, last month.
X : You're right. A : (9) . . . the island there was nothing to see.
a. should A : I agree with you. I think they should put more
b. must not interesting things to see.
c. should not B : Yes. I think they should also provide (10) . . . to
d. don't have give information about the island to the visitors.
2. X : Put the rubbish in the dustbin. A : You're right.
Y : Sorry. 9. . .
a. Don't be lazy. a. Where did you go?
b. Don't say it. b. Why did you go there?
c. Don't litter. c. What do you think of the island?
d. Don't run. d. What can we do about the island?
3. Security : Excuse me, . . . you mustn't smoke here. 10. ...
Visitor : Oh, I'm sorry. a. a security post.
a. look at me b. Some guides.
b. listen to me c. Some trees.
c. look at that sign d. A boat
d. listen to the doctor For questions 11 and 12, complete the dialogue
4. What does the notice mean? below.
a. People aren't permitted to throw rubbish here.
b. People can get gasoline for their cars here. Zookeeper : Excuse me, young man.
c. People must be careful with their hands. Visitor : Yes, sir. What's the matter?
d. People must not steal things here. Zookeeper : What are you doing?
5 Which sign goes with the sentence Visitor : I'm feeding the tigers.
"Drivers mustn't park their cars here". Zookeeper : (11). . .
a. c Visitor : Why?
Zookeeper : The tigers are wild animals. They
can be (12) . . . Besides, the food can harm the
animals.
11. ...
b. d a. You must not feed the tigers.
b. You should feed the tigers.
c. You are feeding the tigers.
6. Where can we probably find the notice? d. You must feed the tigers.
"IT IS STRICTLY FORBIDDEN TO CLIMB ON 12. ...
THE RACKS" a. tame
a. In a department store. b. funny
b. In a swimming pool c. beautiful
c. In a playground. d. dangerous
d. In a library. "DO NOT FEED THE ANIMALS"
13. From the text, we can conclude that we . . . feed
For questions 7 and 8, complete the dialogue the animals.
below. a. must
b. should
Linda : Why are you so sad? c. must not
Oscar : I have lost my ruler. d. don't have to
Linda : (7) . . . did you put it? The following text is for questions 14 to 15
Oscar : I can't remember. Linda is a new student. She is reading the class
Linda : Well, (8) . . . things back to their proper rules and talking about them with her classmate.
place so you can find them easily. Class Rules:
Oscar : I guess you're right. o Listen when others are talking.
7. . ... o Follow directions.
a. Where o Keep hands, feet and objects to yourself.
b. Have o Work quietly and do not disturb others.
c. Did o Show respect for school and personal
d. Are property.
8. ... o Work and play in a safe manner.
a. you should be happy.
b. you should return 14. Linda : What should we do when a
c. you make use teacher is talking?
d. you did it Nyoman : You . . .
a. must close your eyes
b. mustn't tell others

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 c. must listen ta her The following text is for questions 19 to 20.
d. must talk to her
15. Linda : May we borrow others' belongings? Hi my name is Lina. I want to describe briefly a
Nyoman : Sure, but you.. building I have visited recently. The most
a. should keep them personal incredible thing about the building is the shape.
b. must keep them for you It's in the shape of a giant turtle. I loved the
c. should not return them shape of the building. It's so realistic. To enter
d. must respect them the building, visitors had to pay Rp 17,500 for
adults and Rp12,500 for children. Inside the
Look at this picture and answer the questions 16 building, we were able to enjoy facilities, such as a
to 18 giant aquarium with sharks, turtles and various fish
in it, educational games, and a 3-dimensions film
booth. I also liked the aquarium; the fish inside the
aquarium seemed so close to the visitors. However,
I didn't like the educational game section because
almost all the games didn't work. The officer in
the room was not helpful at all. He just sat in his
chair and did nothing. Even worse, he was smoking,
although there was a "No Śmoking" sign in the
area.
19. An adult . . . to pay Rp 17,500 to enter the
building.
a. will
b. must
c. should
d. has to
16. Visitor : Can we use mobile phones here? 20. The officer . . . inside the building.
Officer: No. You . . . a. must not smoke
a. must use a mobile phones here b. have to smoke
b. should use a mobile phones here c. should smoke
c. don't have to use a mobile phones d. must smoke
d. mustn't use any mobile phones here
17. Visitor : Can we take pictures of the paintings?
Officer : No. You . . .
a. must not use any cameras here
b. should not have a camera
c. must use a camera here
d. should have a camera
18. Visitor : Do we have to buy a ticket to enter the
gallery?
Officer : Yes. . . .
a. It's free.
b. I don't know.
c. It's Rp20,000.
d. You can pay me.