dan
SIKLUS CARNOT
Hukum Termodinamika II
Hukum Termodinamika II
W Qh Qc Q
e e 1 c
Qh Qh Q h
Hukum Termodinamika II
• refrigerator adalah
mesin kalor yang
bekerja secara
terbalik
Refrigerators
• Alat ini bekerja dalam
sebuah siklus, dimana
kerja dilakukan untuk
mengambil energi panas |
QL| dari dari reservoir
temperatur dingin
• Coefficient of performance
C dari refrigerator
didefinisikan :
Pompa Kalor
• Pompa kalor mentransfer panas dari media
temperatur rendah ke media temperatur
tinggi
• Coefficient of performance pompa kalor :
Proses Reversible
2
4 3 3
The Carnot Principles
• The efficiency of an irreversible heat engine is always less
than the efficiency of a reversible one operating between the
same two reservoirs. th, irrev < th, rev
Tc
eCarnot 1
Th
Carnot Efficiency
0.8
T 300 Lower TH
1 1 0.667 66.7%
Efficiency
L
0.6
T 900
th
H
Th( T )
0.4
Fixed T 300( K ) and lowering T
L H
0.2
300
(T ) 1 0
200 400 600 800 1000
T
th H
H
T
The higher the temperature, the higher the "quality" Temperature (TH)
0.8
Efficiency
0.6
Fixed T 900( K ) and increasing T
H L TH( TL )
0.4
T
(T ) 1 L
0.2
900
th H
0
200 400 600 800 1000
TL
Temperature (TL)
Carnot Efficiency
• Similarly, the higher the temperature of the low-
temperature sink, the more difficult for a heat
engine to transfer heat into it, thus, lower thermal
efficiency also. That is why low-temperature
reservoirs such as rivers and lakes are popular for
this reason.
Carnot Efficiency