Anggota :
Mughni Ridosqara
Eka Syahputra
Riki Syahputra
Sumantri
Ref 1 C
PENDAHULUAN
DCU Overview • Delayed Coking adalah proses cracking
secara thermal mengolah minyak berat (Short
Residue) menjadi coke hingga fraksi minyak
ringan di dalam suatu reaktor (chamber)
HEAT
.
HEAVY OIL
Yield (% Wt)
5.1 3.9
11.1 Gas
CRACKING 20.2 LPG
Naphtha
28.9
LCGO
LIGHT OIL 30.8
HCGO
Page 3
Reaksi Thermal cracking :
C8H17* C 4H 8 + C 4H 9 *
panas
C 4H 9* C4H8 + H*
panas
Page 4
Diskripsi Proses
C8H17* + H* C8H18
Page 5
Diskripsi Proses
Page 6
Simplified Delayed Coking
Fuel Gas
Coke Drums Coke Drums
Product LPG
Recovery Light Coker Naphtha
Heavy Coker Naphtha
Light Coker Gas Oil
Heavy Coker Gas Oil
Switch Switch
Valve Valve
o o o o
o o o o
Page 7
INFORMASI DESIGN & MAIN EQUIPMENT
Bahan Baku :
Aliran Proses
#140
TC-239 V-15 V-23 1 1
V-6 18
TC-405
LC-297
P-11
E-13
P-22 A/B P-24 A/B SWS V-20 P-25 AB SWS
FC-303
V-18
11
FC-430
P-7 A/B
P-8 A/B V-16 LC-401
LC-379
LP STEAM
Seksi CONDENSATE
FC-384
SWS LPG
Fraksinasi 8
10
PC-393 P-23 A/B HCGO P-3 AB
FC-414
E-22
FC-392
E-18
Seksi Kosentrasi Gas
FC-1249 A
V-3 FC-262
LC-260
5 MPS
FC-275 LCGO TANK V-17
E-16
E-6 AB 24
E-4
P-3 A/B FC-288
HCGO #212
26 FC-478
P-15 AB
PW
FC-211
TO E-1 TO E-19 TO QUENCH CHAMBER FC-212
31 To ATM
LC-250
Flare Ref Water
6 E-11
E-1 AB V-1 A V-1 B V-1 C V-1 D
V-5
FC-238 Flare
LC-227
HCGO V-2
Handling &
FC-232
F-52 A/B P-2 A/B
From H-1 CD
Steam P-18 P-20 AB
Tank P-1 A/B
FC-232
Heavy
Hydrocarbon
to T-4
Blowdown
Slop Oil E-10
Section
Seksi Coking P-19 AB
Siklus Chamber DCU
Page 12
Siklus Chamber DCU Test Pressure Chamber
Persiapan Chamber : Test Press merupakan tahapan persiapan
chamber sebelum diisi
Press Up hydrocarbon.
Press up dilakukan dengan
mengalirkan steam sebesar
±14 ton/jam (tergantung
kemampuan boiler) ke dalam
chamber sampai tekanan
Chamber Chamber chamber 3,8 kg/cm2.
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
Persiapan Chamber In Progress Coking
Test Press (Jam ke 20)
Profil Pressure Chamber
(Press Up & Depressure)
Pressure (Kg/cm2)
4
0 Time (Minutes) 20
SUBP
MP Steam
Flow = ± 14 ton/jam
Page 13
Siklus Chamber DCU Setelah tekanan chamber
Persiapan Chamber : Test Press mencapai 3.8 kg/cm2 segera
dilakukan buang press
Depressure To Blowdown System (depressure). Depressure
dilakukan dengan cara
membuang steam ke
blowdown system, drain OPD
dan darin Settling Basin.
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
Persiapan Chamber In Progress Coking
Test Press (Jam ke 20)
Profil Pressure Chamber
(Press Up & Depressure)
Pressure (Kg/cm2)
4
0 Time (Minutes) 20
SUBP
To drain settling basin
To drain OPD
Page 14
Siklus Chamber DCU Warming Up bertujuan untuk
Warming Up memanaskan chamber
menggunakan vapor dari
Line Vapor Chamber chamber yang sedang coking.
Warming dilakukan selama ± 5
jam sampai temp chamber
siap untuk dimasuki
hydrocarbon (temp minimal
300 oC)
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
Persiapan Chamber In Progress Coking Profil Temp Bottom
Test Press (Jam ke 20,5)
Chamber 140 V-1A
(Press Up & Depressure)
Temp Chamber, oC
400
200
0
SUBP Time (Jam)
5
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train) Line Vapor Chamber
Page 15
Siklus Chamber DCU Proses switching merupakan
Start Coking (Proses Switching) proses pengalihan aliran
hydrocarbon (minyak berat) dari
satu chamber ke chamber
lainnya. Switching dilaksanakan
setelah proses coking chamber
sudah mencapai 24 jam.
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
Sudah melaksanakan Sudah
persiapan proses melaksanakan
switching coking selama 24
jam
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Switching Valve
Note : Click for switch
Page 16
Siklus Chamber DCU
Steaming out to Main Fractionator Steam dan hydrocarbon
menuju Main Fractionator
#140 V-2
#140 V-2
Page 18
Siklus Chamber DCU
Steaming out to Blowdown System Steam dan hydrocarbon
menuju blowdown system
#140 V-12
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Page 19
Siklus Chamber DCU
Water Quench Steam dan hydrocarbon
menuju blowdown system
#140 V-12
SUBP
MP Steam
Flow = ± 8 ton/jam
Water
Flow = ± 22 m3/jam
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Page 20
Siklus Chamber DCU
Water Filling
Full Water
Hydrocarbon 50.00
Page 21
Siklus Chamber DCU
Drain
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
In Progress Drain
Coking
(Jam Ke 4)
SUBP
To drain settling basin
To drain OPD
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Page 22
Siklus Chamber DCU
Unhead
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
In Progress Unhead
Coking
(Jam Ke 4)
Buka Bottom
SUBP
Page 23
Siklus Chamber DCU
Proses Decoking
Boring
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
In Progress Boring
Coking
(Jam Ke 4)
SUBP
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Page 24
Siklus Chamber DCU
Proses Decoking
Cutting
Chamber Chamber
140 V-1A 140 V-1B
In Progress Cutting
Coking
(Jam Ke 4)
SUBP
Hydrocarbon
Flow = 330 m3/jam (2 train)
Page 25
SKEMA PROSES DECOKING
CHAMBERS
140 T-01
140 P-17 AB
JET WATER PUMP
COKES
140 P-14 AB
COKE PIT
SETLIN CLARIFIER
140 P-16 AB
BASIN Page 27
Gantry Crane
Operasi DCU
Makin rendah harga K UOP maka cracking semakin sulit
Parafinik = 12.9-12.15
Intermediate = 12.1-11.5
Naphthenik = 11.45-10.5
Aromatik = 10.1 – 10.5
Klasifikasi Coke dipengaruhi type feed
High resin asphaltene feedstock Sponge coke (bunga karang)
Low resin-asphaltene feedstock Honeycomb coke (sarang madu)
Highly aromatic thermal tar atau decanted oil stocks Needle coke (jarum)
Tekanan Chamber
Tekanan chamber akan menentukan derajat penguapan, pada tekanan yang lebih
tinggi derajat penguapan fraksi hidrokarbon berat menjadi lebih sulit
DCU - 140
US $/Bbl BSD % Vol US $
Feed Realisasi STS Realisasi STS Realisasi STS Realisasi
S. Residue 96.70 32,847.51 32,799.12 3,176,321.17 3,171,641.72
Produksi 1.12
Gas 95.28 903.38 2,843.01 2.75 8.67 86,070.27 270,868.75
Unsat. L P G 0.00 1,304.21 902.85 3.97 2.75 0.00 -
C. NAPHTHA 100.59 3,737.14 3,597.24 11.38 10.97 375,919.40 361,845.98
LCGO 142.64 12,234.80 10,399.18 37.25 31.71 1,745,171.19 1,483,339.39
HCGO 101.29 9,843.50 11,629.86 29.97 35.46 997,047.77 1,177,988.57
G. COKE 40.45 6,142.46 6,319.17 18.70 19.27 248,462.60 255,610.45
Total 34,165.50 35,691.31 101.26 100.15 3,366,600.96 3,278,784.39
Operating Cost
PT PERTAMINA (PERSERO)
REFINERY UNIT II DUMAI
Sekilas Mengenai Chamber
#140 V-1A/B/C/D
Delayed Coking Unit
(DCU)
Telescopic Chute
#140 V-1A
Chamber Chamber
#140 V-1D #140 V-1B
Lantai 2
Transfer
Coke Pit Chute
PERTAMINA | 33