Ciri-ciri Porifera :
- Tubuh berpori-pori
- Hidup melekat pada substrat (sessil)
- Kebanyakan hidup di laut, hanya 2 % jenis yang hidup di air tawar,
jumlah jenis diperkirakan berkisar 5.000 – 10.000.
- Tubuh terdiri atas dua lapisan, yaitu lapisan luar disebut epidermis
(pinacocyte) dan lapisan dalam disebut endodermis.
- berkembang biak dengan cara : aseksual, yaitu dengan pembentukan
tunas dan gemmule (butir benih). Cara seksual, yaitu dengan
pembentukan sel telur dan sperma. Hasil fertilisasi antara sel telur
dan sperma membentuk zigot, yang kemudian berkembang menjadi
larva yang berenang bebas.
- Struktur tubuh dapat dibedakan dalam tiga tipe, yaitu : asconoid,
syconoid dan leuconoid.
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Gb. Ilustrasi dinding tubuh Porifera (A); Choanocyte (B) (Cambell et al., 2003)
Asconoid
Syconoid
Classis 1. Calcarea/Calcispongiae
Hidup di laut yang dangkal, mempunyai spikula
yang terbuat dari kalsium karbonat. Tinggi kurang
dari 10 cm, warna umumnya gelap. Struktur
asconoid, syconoid dan leuconoid.
Familia Clionidae
Contoh : Cliona sp. (sepon penggerek hidup pada cangkang Mollusca)
Pechenik,
Pechenik, J.A.
J.A. 1991.
1991. Biology
Biology of
of The
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Invertebrates,, 2nd
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F.M. Carpenter.
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Classification
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Triplehorn dan
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N.F. Johnson.
Johnson. 1992.
1992. Pengenalan
Pengenalan
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Serangga,, Gadjah
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Smart,
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P. 1991.
1991. The
The Illustrated
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Encyclopedia of of The
The Butterfly
Butterfly
World
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International PLs,
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Susanti,
Susanti, S.
S. 1998.
1998. Mengenal
Mengenal Capung
Capung. Puslitbang
Puslitbang Biologi
Biologi –– LIPI
LIPI
Dance,
Dance, S.P.
S.P. 1982.
1982. The
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Encyclopedia of of Cells
Cells.. McGraw-Hill
McGraw-Hill Book
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Dharma,
Dharma, B. B. 1988.
1988. Siput
Siput dan
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Kerang Indonesia
Indonesia.. PT
PT Sarana
Sarana Graha,
Graha,
Jakarta.
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Ditlev,
Ditlev, H.
H. 1980.
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Field-Guide toto The
The Reef
Reef Building
Building Corals
Corals ofof
The
The Indo-Pacific
Indo-Pacific. Dr.
Dr. Backhuys
Backhuys Publisher,
Publisher, Rotterdam.
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Chu,
Chu, H.F.
H.F. && L.K.
L.K. Cutkomp.
Cutkomp. 1992.
1992. How
How toto know
know the
the Immature
Immature
Insects
Insects.. 2nd.Ed.
2nd.Ed. Win
Win C.C. Brown
Brown Communications,
Communications, Inc,Inc,
Dubuque.
Dubuque.
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