Keegan, 1980
Peranan Teknologi dalam PJJ
Memperkaya pembelajaran
memungkinkan adanya dimensi-dimensi tambahan,
efek-efek khusus dll
Membuat lebih valid
karena telah melalui siklus evaluasi dan revisi
perorangan
karena siswa dapat memilih proses belajar yang paling
sesuai
ekonomis
bisa meningkatkan rasio guru dan siswa
mudah dijangkau
anytime, anywhere, anybody dan anything
Hackbart, 1996
Teknologi yg Mempengaruhi Perkembangan PJJ
Perpaduan teknologi cetak dan pos
memungkinkan terselenggaranya pendidikan kores-
pondensi, sebagai cikal bakal PJJ
Media massa
menunjang proses belajar, peserta didik merasa
sebagai bagian dari suatu masyarakat belajar,
memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat di luar
sasaran, mempromosikan lembaga PJJ
Media perorangan
memberikan keluwesan kepada peserta didik karena
tidak terikat dengan jadwal yang terpusat
Sistem telekomunikasi
memudahkan interaksi antara peserta didik dengan
pengajar dan antar warga belajar
Daniel, 1997
Teknologi untuk PJJ
Teknologi audio
audio conference
Teknologi audio dan data
gabungan telepon dan komputer (audio grafis)
Teknologi video
kombinasi antara laser disc dengan komputer
(Pioneer), kemudian muncul CD-i dari philips
video conference
Computer Assisted Instruction
dalam bentuk multimedia interaktif yang dikemas
dalam CD-ROM
Telematika
Perpaduan antara teknologi komunikasi, teknologi
informasi dan multimedia
Philosophy
E-learning
The Process of learning and also teaching/
facilitating using electronic/digital media to
students (learners) anywhere, anytime and through
any devices, ICT (Information and Communication
Technology)
E-learning
e-learning is the delivery of learning and training
using electronic media, for example: using
computers, internet, intranet.
e-learning
e-learning is
is aa kind
kind ofof distance
distance learning;
learning; learning
learning
materials
materials can
can be be accessed
accessed from
from the
the web
web oror CD
CD via
via
aa computer,
computer, and
and tutors
tutors and
and learners
learners can
can
communicate
communicate with with each
each other
other using
using e-mail
e-mail oror
discussion
discussion forums.
forums.
e-Learning
e-Learning isis collaborative.
collaborative. Because
Because people
people learn
learn from
from
one
one another,
another, e-Learning
e-Learning connects
connects learners
learners with
with experts,
experts,
colleagues,
colleagues, and
and professional
professional peers,
peers, both
both in
in and
and outside
outside
your
your organization.
organization.
e-Learning is comprehensive.
e-Learning provides learning events from many
sources, enabling the e-learner to select a favored
format or learning method or training provider
e-Learning
e-Learning is
is using
using the
the power
power of
of the
the network
network to
to
enable
enable learning,
learning, anytime,
anytime, anywhere..
anywhere..
e-learning
Focus on the needs of the learner, not the trainer or
institution
Take advantage of the net: real-time, 24/7, anywhere,
anytime
Bring people together to collaborate and learn
together
Personalize, often by combining "learning objects"
on the fly
Offer more than one learning method, e.g. virtual
classroom and simulation and self-paced instruction
Incorporate administrative functions such as
registration, payment and charge-backs, monitoring
learner progress, testing, and maintaining records
Keunggulan
just
justin
intime
time
just
justfor
foryou
you
cost
costeffective
effective
up-to-date
up-to-date
quick
quick retainable
risk-free
consistent
interactive and
collaborative
easy to track
Kelemahan
technology dependent - and learners need access
to appropriate hardware and software to fully
benefit. Bandwidth is a particular problem.
sometimes incompatible with other systems and
materials, although the development of standards
may minimise the potential fragmentation or
confusion
unsuitable for some types of training - particularly
some soft skill development that relies heavily on
interpersonal contact such as team building,
communication, or presentations. However, even
in these cases, e-learning can be useful in pre-
course preparation or post-course follow-up.
Kelemahan
unsuitable for some types of learners - e-learning
can be seen as cold and impersonal and is thought
to require high levels of self-discipline and self-
motivation, as ‘learning’ at a desk may not be seen
as a ‘legitimate activity’
somewhat less interactive than it is cracked up to
be - some e-learning programs are no more than
‘photocopied pages on the Web’ (although quality
is improving), and some e-learners have reported
difficulties getting to grips with programmes, the
absence of feedback, and other aspects learner
support
Kelemahan
expensive to set up - both in terms of providing
the infrastructure (although this may be in place
already, intranets etc. will have to be able to carry
a lot of traffic) and the cost of developing content.
Some studies have pointed to the ‘hidden costs’ of
providing learner support.
still dependent on human support - both to help
people use the software and also to support their
learning
e-learning >< tatap muka
Classroom Online
Sumber-sumber
Sumber-sumberbelajar
belajar
Bahan Materi pelajaran
Materi pelajaran
Bahanbelajar
belajar
Study
Studyguide
guide
Home
HomePage
Page
Tutorial/pengajaran
Tutorial/pengajaran
Diskusi
Diskusi
Pembelajaran/
Pembelajaran/ Kolaborasi
Kolaborasi
komunikasi
komunikasi Presentasi
Presentasi
Konferensi
Konferensi
Kuis
Kuis
Latihan
Latihan
Penilaian
Penilaian Penugasan
Penugasan
Tes
Tes
Ujian
Ujianakhir
akhir
Bentuk Pemanfaatan
Sewart, 1982
Internet untuk Pembelajaran
Dalam “Five-Year Plan Action Plan for the
Development and Implementation of Information and
Communication Technologies (ICT) in Indonesia”, di
bidang pendidikan, yang dikeluarkan oleh Tim
Koordinasi Telematika Indonesia disebutkan:
Use ICTs as an essential part of the curricula and
learning tools in schools/universities and training
centers
Establish distance education programs including
participation in Global Development Learning and
other networks
Internet sebagai sumber belajar
Matematika
Fisika
Kimia
Biologi
Drill
Virtual Lab