FAKULTAS PETERNAKAN
U N I V E R S I T A S P A D J A D J A R AN
SISTEM KOORDINASI
2
2
Sistem koordinasi
3
Anterior
Target Smooth muscle pituitary
Glycogen effectors in breast secretes
Response
breakdown, prolactin ( )
glucose release Endocrine
into blood cell
Blood
(a) Simple endocrine pathway Response Milk release vessel
Target
effectors Mammary glands
Milk production
Response 4
Synaptic
terminals
Sel Glia
6
Node of Ranvier
Layers of myelin
Axon
Schwann
cell Schwann
cell
Nodes of Nucleus of
50 µm
0.1 µm
astrosit
Macam-macam sel saraf
7
Axon
Cell
body
Motor output
Ligand-gated
ion channels
neurotransmiter
12
Susunan saraf
13
Inhibits activity of
stomach and intestines
Location of Stimulates activity Thoracic Location of
postganglionic neurons: of stomach and postganglionic neurons:
in ganglia close to or intestines Inhibits activity
some in ganglia close to
within target organs of pancreas
target organs; others in
Stimulates activity a chain of ganglia near
of pancreas Stimulates glucose spinal cord
release from liver;
inhibits gallbladder
Stimulates Lumbar
Neurotransmitter
gallbladder
released by Stimulates Neurotransmitter
postganglionic neurons: adrenal medulla released by
acetylcholine postganglionic neurons:
Promotes emptying norepinephrine
Inhibits emptying
of bladder
of bladder
Hormon
Molekul kimia yg disekresikan ke sistem regulatoris dan
mengkomunikasikan pesan pengaturan di dalam tubuh
Disebarkan ke seluruh tubuh organisme, tetapi hanya sel target
yg memberi respons.
17
Sistem Endokrin 12
kelenjar 50 hormon
Klasifikasi hormon:
Protein dan peptida
Amina derivat dari
asam amino
Steroid
Cara kerja
hormon
Hormon steroid
menempel
pada reseptor di
dalam nukleus
Hormon non-
steroid
menempel pada
reseptor di
permukaan sel
Beberapa hormon diangkut dalam darah sebagai larutan,
tetapi sebagian besar diikat pada suatu komponen protein
serum, beberapa terikat secara tak khas pada albumin, yang
lain terikat secara selektif pada protein berafinitas tinggi
yang khusus dalam sel sasaran hormon diterima dan diikat
oleh reseptor khusus.
22
KEL. HIPOTALAMUS DAN HIPOFISA
Hormon non-tropik
Prolactin stimulasi laktasi
Menghasilkan hormon T4
dan T3 mengatur
perkembangan dan
metabolisme.
Ketidakseimbangan tiroid
dapat menyebabkan
kretinisme, gangguan
metabolik, dan goiter.
Kadar kalsium darah
diatur oleh keseimbangan
kalsitonin dari tiroid dan
paratiroid hormon dari
kel. Paratiroid.
29
KEL. PANKREAS
30
Sekresi melatonin
Dikontrol oleh siklus terang/gelap
Neurosecretory cells
Brain
hormone (BH)
Corpus cardiacum
Corpus allatum
Low 4
Prothoracic JH
Juvenile hormone (JH), secreted by the corpora allata,
gland determines the result of the molt. At relatively high concen-
trations of JH, ecdysone-stimulated molting produces
another larval stage. JH suppresses metamorphosis.
But when levels of JH fall below a certain concentration, a
Ecdysone pupa forms at the next ecdysone-induced molt. The adult
insect emerges from the pupa.
2 Juvenile
BH signals its main target hormone
organ, the prothoracic (JH)
gland, to produce the
hormone ecdysone.
EARLY LATER
3 LARVA
Ecdysone secretion LARVA PUPA ADULT
from the prothoracic
gland is episodic, with
each release stimulating
a molt.
Hormon pada Tumbuhan
39